How many inventive principles are there in triz theory?

In triz theory, there are 40 principles of invention. 40 examples of the principle of invention

1 ? end

? 1) Train cars are separate individuals, and the number of cars can be adjusted.

? 2) The refill and sleeve of a ballpoint pen are two separable parts, and the refill can be replaced.

? 3) The three blades of the electric fan are three independent individuals and can be disassembled.

? 4) For the water supply pipe system in the field, each section is connected by a joint.

? 5) The chains of bicycles and motorcycles are connected one by one, and each link can be removed.

2 ? different

? 1) In petroleum processing, some oil residues or other harmful substances are refined and separated to obtain high-precision gasoline or diesel oil.

? 2) After the bullet is fired, the core is separated from the shell.

? 3) The computer keyboard is separated from the mouse in order to facilitate people to operate well.

? 4) When the rocket rushes out of the atmosphere, it will disintegrate and separate the part that has burned the fuel.

? 5) The sound insulation materials used in buildings now absorb or isolate the noise, so that the noise is isolated from our environment.

3 ? Local mass

? 1) One side of the hammer is made flat, and the other side is made flat, which increases the cutting function of the hammer (special hammer for quarry).

? 2) mechanical pencil. Make a pair of ears in the center of the pen and add a spring.

? 3) The drill bit of the electric drill is made into a spiral shape to increase the stability during drilling and prevent slipping.

? 4) The computer mouse with three-button mode has changed the trouble and inconvenience of the original single button.

? 5) Changing the opening of the cup and making an incision on it can prevent the leakage when pouring water to the greatest extent (the same is true for the opening of the thermos skin).

4 ? dissymmetry

? 1) The zipper on the clothes is pulled at one side and not at the other.

? 2) blades of electric fans

? 3) The mobile phone with antenna is asymmetrical.

? 4) Seen from the side, the broadsword is asymmetrical.

? 5) The two lenses of glasses have different degrees because of the different myopia of human eyes.

5 ? merge

? 1) Combine every car of the train to increase the passenger capacity.

? 2) The microphone and receiver of the telephone are combined in a box, which is convenient for people to free up one hand to do other things when making a phone call.

? 3) The troughs for raising livestock on the farm are connected together, which can save feeding time and improve efficiency.

? 4) Connect indoor equipment in series and use switches.

? 5) Add a backrest to the stool, and combine them into one to form a chair.

6 ? Versatile

? 1) The keyboard can be used for typing and playing games.

? 2) Multifunctional mobile phone

? 3) Swiss army knife (up to more than 50 functions)

? 4) mp3 can not only listen to songs, but also store data.

? 5) The current printer integrates printing and copying.

7 suits

? 1) Ink, refill and pen cover are set together.

? 2) TV indoor antenna

? 3) Umbrella handle

? 4) The thermos cup and thermos bottle are also made by the principle of suit.

? 5) Fire engines and cranes

8 ? Quality compensation

? The hovercraft is filled with air and floats.

? 2) Hydraulic jack

? 3) The submarine uses the discharged water to realize buoyancy.

? 4) The upward lift of the wind lifts the kite into the air.

? 5) Filling the balloon with hydrogen (instead of air) can make the balloon float.

9 Pre-reaction

? 1) parachute

? 2) After the key of the mobile phone is pressed, it can automatically return to its original position.

? 3) Automobile shock absorber

? 4) The reaction force (buoyancy) of the ship using water.

? 5) Children's trampoline makes children bounce by reaction.

10 before operation

? 1) can opening

? 2) Injected drugs are put into fixed bottles according to quantity and variety, and labeled.

? 3) The incision of the food bag is convenient for people to tear.

? 4) typesetting the contents to be printed before printing.

? 5) Turn on the computer before typing.

1 1 pre-compensation

? 1) washing machine, microwave oven, etc. In order to ensure safety, it can't work until the door is closed.

? 2) The soft leather cover on the thermos cup can prevent the quilt from slipping or getting hot.

? 3) The bumper in front of the motorcycle prevents the car from being damaged when the body slips.

? 4) There are three landing gear landing modes (automatic, mechanical and manual), and the latter two modes are compensation for the former.

? 5) There are two kinds of motorcycles: ignition start and foot start, which are mutually compensated.

12 equipotential

? 1) The chair takes up more space and is designed as a folding chair.

? 2) In the current public transport system, it is advocated that the bottom of the bus door should be flush with the ground of the bus shelter to facilitate the disabled to get on and off.

? 3) Some doors don't know whether to push or pull, and such occasions can be designed as sliding doors.

? 4) Inflators used to blow balloons

? 5) The desktop fan can rotate and blow to people in different directions.

13 reverse

? 1) Basketball. When playing, the ball bounces by the ground reaction.

? 2) The elevator is moving, but people are not moving. Changed the difficulty of climbing stairs without moving.

? 3) Hand-held machine for installing screws, forward rotation means installation, and reverse rotation means disassembly.

? 4) The refrigerator uses the heat in the absorption box to cool down.

? 5) The booster for running in the sports meeting, the athlete uses its reaction force to the feet to improve the acceleration.

14 surface treatment

? 1) The roller coaster uses the centripetal force generated by sharp curve motion to prevent it from falling.

? 2) The cup is designed as a cylinder. Compared with other shapes, it has larger capacity and is easier to take.

? 3) The wheels are all round.

? 4) Uneven wheel surface increases friction.

? 5) The screw and nut are connected in a spiral way, which increases the binding force and stability.

15 dynamic

? 1) the electric bell used in school, when class is over or in class, the small hammer vibrates and rings the bell.

? 2) The picture of the 100-meter race was taken by the tracking camera beside the track.

? 3) The lighting on the stage can automatically rotate to change the irradiation position and produce different lighting effects.

? 4) There is a tray under the computer monitor, which can adjust the position and direction of the computer.

? 5) The stairs become elevators after automation.

16 failed to reach or exceed the role.

? 1) Although the washing machine cleaned the clothes, they were still wet and needed to be dried.

? 2) The shooting effect of the camera is not ideal, so it needs to be processed on the computer or special equipment, such as the video shot in the film and television production software.

? 3) Boil water quickly. Although there is a reminder device after boiling, it is useless if there is no one nearby.

? 4) The buttons on TV are inconvenient, so people invented the remote control.

? 5) The maximum speed of the car exceeds the normal adjustment of people under normal physiological and psychological conditions, so people generally can't reach this speed when driving.

17 dimensional change

? 1) The keyboard operation is performed on the horizontal plane, but the result appears on the vertical display screen.

? 2) Periscope on submarine

? 3) Double beds on campus, double-decked, vertically distributed. General double bed saves space.

? 4) Table with adjustable inclination

? 5) adjustable bookshelf, which can adjust the number of layers of the bookshelf.

18 vibration

? 1) Mobile phone vibration

? 2) The popular skimmer on the market now is used to lose weight.

? 3) The electric bell knocks the bell shell through the vibration of the small hammer to make it ring.

? 4) Electromagnetic vibration of medical equipment

? 5) Screening machine for mineral processing removes unnecessary things through vibrating screen, leaving ore.

19 periodicity

? 1) The alarm clock of the mobile phone will ring at a fixed time every day (that is, 24 hours later).

? 2) The phone rings regularly.

? 3) The clock swings periodically (although there is a slight error)

? 4) The time for a satellite to circle the earth is fixed, so it is also periodic.

? 5) The beverage filling production line fills a bottle of beverage every once in a while, in order to ensure that the next bottle is in place in time.

20 continuity of effective function

? 1) In order to ensure the timely evacuation and convenience of customers, the elevators in the supermarket work continuously.

? 2) The beer and beverage production line works continuously, and the enterprise benefits are guaranteed.

? 3) The solar water heater converts solar energy into electric energy to heat water, so that it can be used when there is no sun.

? 4) Wheel rolling replaces other smooth movements and is used on vehicles or other equipment.

? 5) After the alarm is sounded, it will continue to sound until people hear it.

2 1 urgent action

? 1) The rocket rushed out of the atmosphere at high speed.

? 2) When steaming steamed bread, the best way to open the lid after the steamed bread is cooked is to open the lid quickly to prevent burns.

? 3) oxygen mask for air crash on the plane

? 4) The scalpel should be sharp to help the operation be completed as soon as possible and reduce blood loss.

? 5) Put out the fire quickly to reduce casualties and property losses.

Turn harm into benefit

? 1) recycle, disinfect and reuse discarded beverage bottles and wine bottles to reduce waste and pollution.

? 2) Electrolyzing seawater to produce metal, and recovering the generated chlorine to make disinfectant.

? 3) Utilize tides to generate electricity.

? 4) The cinder of thermal power plant is used as building materials.

? 5) Using waste straw and feces to produce biogas.

23 feedback

? 1) There are many feedback examples in the computer, such as whether to delete a file when deleting it.

? 2) There are instruments such as vehicle speed and fuel quantity in the front of the car, which are used to feed back useful information in time.

? 3) The feedback of the mobile phone is better than that of the telephone, with sound reminder and screen feedback.

? 4) When the water is about to boil, it will sound a prompt.

? 5) The feedback system of the spacecraft reports everything inside and outside the spacecraft to the ground receiving device.

24 intermediary

? 1) electricity propagates through wires, which changes the material and size of epilepsy and helps to reduce the consumption of electric energy.

? People can go from one place to another by car and plane. ...

? 3) The bullet is fired by a pistol, so the design of the gun is helpful to improve the shooting accuracy.

? 4) The telephone realizes sound transmission.

? 5) In order to protect the food from spoilage, use the refrigerator to freeze the food.

25 Self-service

? 1) If the car is designed to use solar energy as energy, let the car provide its own energy.

? 2) When the rocket rushes out of the atmosphere, when each fuel is used up, the shell will automatically disintegrate and fall back to the ground.

? 3) Installing a message system on the mobile phone can record useful information in the absence of the owner.

? 4) Submarines can make their own fresh water and achieve self-sufficiency.

? 5) If the computer is turned off illegally in the previous time, it will detect and repair itself when it is turned on.

26 copies

? 1) astronauts must train in the simulated cabin for a long time before they officially set off.

? 2) Movies and TV programs are analog copies of reality.

? 3) Water is used to replace the water just used in the development of scalpel, which is simple and convenient for disinfection and reduces blood retention.

? 4) Plastics are used in buildings and furniture instead of steel or glass.

? 5) Using petroleum products instead of grain to make wine; Use water instead of oil as automobile fuel.

Replace expensive and durable items with low-priced and durable items.

? 1) use plastic-coated cardboard instead of wood to make furniture (disposable product).

? 2) Use foam instead of iron or other materials to make lunch boxes.

? 3) Use plastic as the material of daily necessities such as washbasins and tea pots.

? 4) Use disposable plastic bottles instead of glass bottled drinks.

? 5) Disposable paper cups or plastic cups

28 Substitution of mechanical system

? 1) The elevator is made by moving stairs.

? 2) The induction street lamp on the road will automatically turn on when it gets dark to a certain extent.

? 3) children's magnet handwriting board

? 4) Printer Toner Cartridge

? 5) self-ringing kettle, reminding people that the water is boiling through singing.

29 pneumatic and hydraulic structure

? 1)SYY-A gas-liquid PLC comprehensive control experimental platform is an ideal comprehensive experimental equipment integrating pneumatic control technology, hydraulic transmission control technology and PLC programmable controller control technology.

? 2) Intelligent marking machine in pneumatic industry adopts pneumatic hydraulic device.

? 3) Pneumatic and hydraulic explosion-proof solenoid valves

? 4) Hydraulic pneumatic cylinder: start the motor, the gear pump is driven by the motor, and the two intermeshing gears in the pump body do rotary motion, so that the internal volume of the oil suction cavity is continuously increased, forming a local vacuum and producing oil suction effect. The hydraulic oil in the oil tank enters the pump from the oil suction chamber under the action of atmospheric pressure, and gradually enters the sealed oil pressure chamber with the rotation of the gear, so that the oil pressure chamber is continuously reduced, thus forming an oil pressure effect and discharging the hydraulic oil out of the pump. The squeezed hydraulic oil enters the reversing valve through the pipeline, and the control lever is operated to make the hydraulic oil flow directionally, and the hydraulic oil enters the oil cylinder through the pipeline along the distribution direction. The continuous inflow of hydraulic oil makes the piston in the oil cylinder bear great pressure and push the push rod to move linearly.

? 5) The excavating arm adopts hydraulic pneumatic device to realize flexible expansion and contraction.

30 flexible shell and film

? 1) Plastic film is used in the greenhouse.

? 2) Use plastic bottles or paper cups instead of glass to hold water or drinks.

? 3) The turf on the football field

? 4) The amorphous silicon flexible thin film solar cell has changed the object shape of previous solar cells. Because of its own flexibility, it can be attached to other flexible objects such as plastics and textiles and rigid objects such as metals and buildings.

? 5) Film glazing (light touch type, waterproof type, etc.). ) used in smart products such as mobile phones and computers.

3 1 porous material

? 1) optical fiber

? 2) Wood

? 3) Honeycomb coal

? 4) Using the sound-absorbing board made of plant fiber to solve the problem of building sound insulation, thus eliminating noise.

? 5) Resistive muffler mainly uses porous sound-absorbing materials to reduce noise, which is used for pistol muffler.

32 change color

? 1) There are special additives in the glow stick, which will glow when the stick is bent.

? 2) There are many buttons in the cab, with different colors to remind people of different operations and the importance of operations. (For example, red represents important and dangerous operations)

? 3) Life jackets are generally designed in bright colors or colors with fluorescent components to attract people's attention.

? 4) In hotels or restaurants, use green or other natural colors to give people a feeling of returning to nature and improve people's dining environment.

? 5) Adding special ingredients into the glass to make colored special glass, so that people can see the outside from the inside, but not the inside from the outside. Increase privacy.

33 Homogeneity

? 1) The power socket and plug use the same metal conductor inside and the same insulating material outside to ensure safety.

? 2) A protective screen for protecting eyesight is often added to the computer screen. In order to ensure that it will not affect the viewing, the same transparent material as the display screen is used, but some components and parts for protecting vision are added inside.

? 3) In order to ensure durability and stability, screws and nuts are made of steel.

? 4) Bicycle brake, in order to ensure friction and not easy to wear, the brake material is similar to the wheel.

? 5) Table and chair combination, in order to ensure the overall effect is beautiful, generally use the same materials, use the same technology, and match well.

Abandonment and restoration

? 1) After the kitchen knife becomes dull, it needs to be polished as follows.

? 2) Plastic bottles can be reused after recycling and disinfection.

? 3) Recovering glass fragments to make new glass for reuse.

? 4) Use disposable chopsticks to make paper.

? 5) Dianchi Lake should be destroyed after use, otherwise it will cause pollution.

35 parameter change

? 1) Changing some features and parts of a bicycle becomes a folding bicycle.

? 2) FRP, a composite material with magnesium salt whisker as the main component and a small amount of glass fiber and resin slurry, has greatly enhanced performance, better stability and higher hardness than ordinary plastics, and is used to make disposable molding chairs.

? 3) After the temperature drops to a certain state, the preservation time of things is greatly prolonged, and the original intention of refrigerator design is based on this.

? 4) A small amount of chlorine should be added to the tap water for disinfection. When the chlorine content increases, it will become a disinfectant.

? 5) glue stick is easier to carry than liquid glue.

36 state change

? 1) Use ice to absorb heat to freeze items.

? 2) The light source is obtained by burning the candle.

? 3) Humidifier reduces indoor dryness by evaporating water.

? 4) The thermometer uses mercury to expand with heat and contract with cold to realize temperature counting.

? 5) The shock absorber uses the expansion and contraction of the spring to realize shock absorption.

37 thermal expansion

? 1) The hot air balloon expands into the sky (Kongming Lantern also uses the principle of thermal expansion).

? 2) When connecting plastic water pipes, heat and expand the water pipe joints first, then plug them in and tighten them.

? 3) Use thermal expansion to restore the flat table tennis to its original state.

? 4) Fire sprinkler

? 5) The thermometer uses mercury to expand with heat and contract with cold to realize temperature counting.

38 Accelerated strong oxidation

? 1) strong oxidation gun in steelmaking, which provides pure oxygen to coke, makes it burn fully and increases steelmaking temperature.

? 2) The blower uses airflow to enhance the input of oxygen, so that the combustion is more complete.

? 3) Multifunctional Accelerated Oxidation Propeller. The tank is equipped with a deaerator, a temperature-controlled heater or steam heating, the lower conduit is connected with an acceleration pump, the extracted conduit is connected with an air absorber, the middle conduit is connected with the deaerator, the middle outer conduit leads the upper part of the small conduit into the tank, a small hole is drilled under the upper conduit, the upper part is covered with steel chips blue, and the middle outer conduit has a steam inlet and a water inlet. The air absorber is connected with an air purifier, and the tank body has an opening at the top, a manhole and a refining grate at the bottom, an opening, a manhole in the middle, a sampling port at the lower part and a water level gauge inside. After heating, water is pumped from the lower deaerator into the middle deaerator, washed down by the upper conduit, and continuously accelerated circulation to bring in air, thus realizing physical and chemical propulsion oxidation reaction.

? 4) Refinement of diesel oil. Firstly, non-hydrocarbon compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen and oxygen that are easily oxidized in diesel oil are accelerated by catalytic oxidation reaction to produce insoluble substances.

? 5) The microorganism and other harmful elements in the sewage are cleaned by biological contact oxidation, thus purifying the sewage. Characterized in that a filler is arranged in the tank, and the sewage is oxygenated by aeration at the bottom of the tank, so that the sewage in the tank is in a flowing state, so that the sewage is fully contacted with the filler in the sewage, and the defect of uneven contact between the sewage and the filler in the biological contact oxidation tank is avoided.

39 inert environment

? 1) The inside of the bulb is vacuum to ensure that the tungsten wire will not be oxidized.

? 2) The preparation of sodium by electrolytic NaOH can only be completed in an inert environment.

? 3) Fish preservation methods include vacuum packaging, deoxidizer packaging and carbon dioxide filling packaging. These methods can effectively inhibit bacterial proliferation and prevent lipid oxidation.

? 4) Inert gas is filled into the neon glass tube, and a certain voltage is applied to the cathode and anode made of metal at both ends of the tube to realize gas discharge.

? 5) High-pressure sodium lamp is a new type of electric light source with high luminous efficiency, and its efficiency can be as high as100lm/w/w. There is a discharge tube made of special glass in the glass shell, which is filled with proper amount of sodium, mercury drops and inert gas, and high-pressure discharge can be realized in this environment.

40 composite material

? 1) There are many kinds of plastics, most of which are composite materials. Such as glass fiber reinforced plastics, are used in the design of disposable chairs.

? 2) plywood for furniture (desks and chairs in the classroom)

? 3) Many building supplies such as floor and marble are also composite materials.

? 4) Synthetic rubber (automobile wheels)

? 5) Honeycomb coal is also made of coal and clay.