How to escape from the scene after a fire

Be particular about opening escape doors when staying in a hotel

For hotel buildings that meet regulatory requirements, the maximum distance between the room door and the external exit or stairwell will be controlled within a certain range, such as a high-rise hotel For buildings (height exceeding 24 meters), the maximum distance from the room door to the nearest stairwell is 30 meters (rooms located between two safety exits) and 15 meters (rooms located on both sides or at the end of a bag-shaped corridor). The doors on the evacuation route and the doors in the stairwell all open in the direction of escape and evacuation. As long as you apply force outward, you can open them easily without wasting time. There is a kind of evacuation door with a more thoughtful design. It is equipped with a special hardware that can be easily opened by pushing or bumping with any part of the body, avoiding the trouble of finding handrails in a hurry.

How to escape if there is a fire on the stairs

When there is a fire on the stairs, people tend to panic. Especially the people upstairs were so anxious that they didn't know what to do. Once such a fire occurs, you must not be afraid in the face of danger. You must first stabilize your emotions, keep a clear head, and find ways to put out the fire on the spot. For example, if the fire cannot be extinguished immediately, such as pouring water with water or covering it with wet quilts, the fire will become more intense and people will be in danger of being trapped by the fire. At this time, they should try to escape. Sometimes there is a fire in a building, but the stairs are not on fire, but thick smoke often pours into the stairwell. People upstairs can easily have the illusion that the stairs have been cut off and there is no way out. In fact, in most cases, the stairs are not on fire, and everything can be done. Get out of the way. If you are choked by smoke, you can cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and get close to the floor or simply run away. Even if the stairs are blocked by flames, when there is no other way out, you can use wet quilts and other materials as cover to rush out as soon as possible. If the stairs have indeed been burned down by fire and you seem to be in a desperate situation, you should also think calmly whether there are other stairs to take, whether it can be transferred from the roof or balcony, whether you can borrow water pipes, bamboo poles or ropes to slide down. , is it possible to jump down level by level, etc. As long as you use your brain more, you can usually rescue them. If children, the elderly, patients, etc. are trapped upstairs, they should be rescued as soon as possible, such as wrapping them up with quilts, blankets, cotton-padded jackets, etc. If there is a rope, use a rope. If there is no rope, tie it up with a torn sheet and slide down the rope, or throw it on the balcony, roof, etc., and try to escape as soon as possible. Calling for help is also an important rescue method. People trapped in the fire have no way to get out. When the surrounding people hear the call for help, they will try to rescue them or report the fire brigade for rescue.

Escape from residential fires

In recent years, the situation of residential fires has been severe and on the rise, resulting in huge property losses and huge casualties. According to statistics, there were 2,431 residential fires in Jiangsu Province in 2002, resulting in 221 casualties and direct property losses of 7.564 million yuan. The number of fires and the number of casualties accounted for 40.2% and 53% of the total number of fires respectively. 1%. In 2003, there were 2,450 fires in residential buildings, with 220 casualties and direct property losses of 7.789 million yuan. The number of fires and the number of casualties accounted for 41.7% and 50.1% of the total number of fires investigated in the province respectively, ranking first among all types of places.

Modern residential buildings are usually unit-type, mainly composed of living room, bedroom, bathroom, kitchen, storage room, balcony and other components. The characteristics of fire in unitized residential buildings are: high fire temperature and high air pressure; fierce fire in local space, many combustible materials, and rapid spread; complex trapped people, weak self-rescue ability, slow evacuation speed, and difficulty in evacuation; easy to cause huge Casualties. Therefore, escape from fire in unitized residential buildings is particularly important.

1. Use the stairs and corridors to escape. In the early stages of a fire, when the corridors and corridors are not completely sealed by the fire, wet the quilt, blanket or mattress with water and wrap it around your body, cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel, and rush out of the trapped area with your body low.

2. Use windows to escape. Most people can use this method when trapped in a fire. The prerequisite for using windows to escape is that the fire is not large, has not spread to the entire unit, and is trapped in a familiar indoor environment. The specific method is: tear the rope into cloth (if you don’t have a rope, you can use sheets or curtains to tear it into cloth) Tie one end of it to the window frame (or other indoor fixed components), tie the other end to the armpits and abdomen of a child or the elderly, place it along the window to the ground or lower floor window, then break the window into the room and evacuate from the passage , others can slide down the rope.

3. Use the balcony to escape.

In a fire scene, when the fire is large and the corridor is filled with thick smoke and cannot be passed through, you can use the balcony to escape. Close the doors and windows connected to the balcony, stand on the balcony to take shelter, and wait for the arrival of firefighters. In high-rise unit residential buildings starting from the seventh floor, the balconies of adjacent units on each floor are interconnected. If you are trapped on such a floor, you can break down the partition between the balconies, enter another unit from the balcony, and then enter the evacuation passage to escape.

Four. Use space to escape. This method can be used when the indoor space is large and the fire is not serious. The specific method is: remove the combustible materials in the room (bathroom and kitchen are acceptable, and it is best to have a water source indoors), and at the same time remove the flammable materials in the room connected to this room. For combustible materials, eliminate the threat of open flames to doors and windows, then tightly close the doors and windows connected to the burning area, and seal them with wet quilts and blankets to prevent the entry of smoke and toxic gases, and wait for the fire to be extinguished or for rescue by firefighters.

5. Use pipes to escape. When there is falling water or water supply pipes on the outer wall of the room, capable people can use the pipes to escape. This method is generally not suitable for women, the elderly and children.

In short, when escaping from a fire, you must remain calm and calm, correctly estimate the development and spread of the fire, and do not take blind actions. You must first consider safety and feasibility before taking action. Minimize the size and weight of items you carry. Escape, call the police, and call for help must go hand in hand to prevent you from focusing only on escaping and ignoring the call and call for help.

In the event of a fire, try to use the facilities in the building to escape

High-rise buildings are a beautiful scenery in the city. Do you, who live in high-rise buildings, have good psychological quality and correct escape knowledge? How to deal with various possible fire accidents?

In the event of a fire, the most important thing is to remain calm, let alone act blindly. At the fire scene, the visibility is very low. In this case, the fire department will give you some tips:

1. Try to use the facilities in the building to escape.

1． Use fire elevators for evacuation, but do not ride in ordinary elevators when there is a fire;

2. Use indoor smoke-proof stairs, ordinary stairs, and enclosed stairs for escape;

3. Use the building's balconies, corridors, refuge floors, and indoor descenders, life-saving bags, safety ropes, etc. to escape;

4. Use the sightseeing stairs to escape;

5. Use wall downspouts for escape.

2. Self-rescue and mutual rescue of escape should be actively carried out.

1． The most active escape method is to use fire-fighting equipment on each floor, such as dry powder, foam fire extinguishers or water guns to extinguish initial fires.

2． Help each other and escape together. The elderly, weak, sick, pregnant women, children and people unfamiliar with the environment should be guided to evacuate and help escape.

3. Self-rescue and escape. When a fire breaks out, you must take active action instead of just waiting for death. You must make full use of all the things around you that are conducive to escape, such as connecting sheets, curtains, carpets, etc. into ropes, performing self-rescue by sliding ropes, or using water from the bathroom to wet the walls and doors. , prevent the spread of fire, etc.

Transfer station for balcony escape

Most of the residential buildings built in our country have balconies, and some also have front and rear balconies. The function of the balcony is that people can cool off in the summer and bathe in the sun in the winter; they can breathe fresh air when they get up early in the morning, and they can lean on the railings and look into the distance during their leisure time; the balconies with novel and unique styles can also embellish and beautify the appearance of the building. People who like to grow flowers can plant a few pots of flowers on the balcony to add a bit of "beauty" to the building.

In fact, the role of the balcony is more than that. It is also closely related to fire protection.

In terms of fire prevention, when a fire breaks out in a room on the lower floor, the flames jump out from the window and spread upward; when the door, stairs or corridors are blocked by thick smoke and fire, and people are trapped in the room When there is no way to escape, people can hope to get out of danger as long as they climb the downspout beside the balcony. If you are close to your neighbor's balcony, you can use wooden boards or bamboo poles to escape to the neighbor's balcony. If you can find a strong rope, you can tie it firmly on the balcony and go down the rope. Even if you are unable to escape, people who escape to the balcony can buy some time to wait for rescue by firefighters. On February 1, 1974, when a fire broke out in the Joe Ma Building in Sao Paulo, Brazil, 41 people survived by hiding on balconies or overhangs and were rescued by firefighters using ladder trucks.

From the perspective of fire extinguishing, balconies are not only "trenches" for firefighters to launch attacks on burning areas of buildings, but are also an important channel for saving lives and evacuating supplies. Firefighters use balconies as cover, which not only facilitates attack and retreat, but also facilitates climbing fire trucks to extend to the balconies for fire extinguishing and life-saving.

Of course, judging from the current situation of people using balconies, there are also some disadvantages to fire protection. The main reason is that some people living in buildings are still subject to the old concept of "breaking a house is worth a million dollars" Affected by this, people are still used to putting the dilapidated things at home on the balcony, thus making the balcony become the "waste storage warehouse" of the family. In this way, in case of external flying fire (such as lit fireworks and firecrackers, the floor will be destroyed). Cigarette butts, matchsticks or other radiant heat sources thrown down from the balcony may ignite combustible materials placed on the balcony, thereby causing a fire and threatening the safety of the room and neighbors. The harm can be imagined. In order to prevent theft, some families even use steel bars to cover the whole roof in an ingenious way. This is advantageous from the perspective of anti-theft, but disadvantageous from the perspective of fire protection. Because in the event of a fire, people in a house covered by steel bars will not be able to escape; the fire-fighting and life-saving operations of firefighters will also be affected.

How to escape if there is a fire on the stairs

When there is a fire on the stairs, people tend to panic. Especially the people upstairs were so anxious that they didn't know what to do. Once such a fire occurs, you must not be afraid in the face of danger. You must first stabilize your emotions, keep a clear head, and find ways to put out the fire on the spot. For example, if the fire cannot be extinguished immediately, such as pouring water with water or covering it with wet quilts, the fire will become more intense and people will be in danger of being trapped by the fire. At this time, they should try to escape. Sometimes there is a fire in a building, but the stairs are not on fire, but thick smoke often pours into the stairwell. People upstairs can easily have the illusion that the stairs have been cut off and there is no way out. In fact, in most cases, the stairs are not on fire, and everything can be done. Get out of the way. If you are choked by smoke, you can cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel and get close to the floor or simply run away. Even if the stairs are blocked by flames, when there is no other way out, you can use wet quilts and other materials as cover to rush out as soon as possible. If the stairs have indeed been burned down by fire and you seem to be in a desperate situation, you should also think calmly whether there are other stairs to take, whether it can be transferred from the roof or balcony, whether you can borrow water pipes, bamboo poles or ropes to slide down. , is it possible to jump down level by level, etc. As long as you use your brain more, you can usually save it.

If children, the elderly, patients, etc. are trapped upstairs, they should be rescued as soon as possible, such as wrapping them up with quilts, blankets, cotton-padded jackets, etc. If there is a rope, use a rope, or if there is no rope, tie it up with a torn sheet, slide down the rope, or throw it on the balcony, roof, etc., and try to escape as soon as possible.

Calling for help is also an important rescue method. People trapped in the fire have no way to get out. When the surrounding people hear the call for help, they will try to rescue them or report the fire brigade for rescue.