Is there any detailed information about the history of the Long March from Ruijin to Zunyi?

The period from the beginning of the Long March (1934 10 10/0) to the Zunyi Conference was the losing stage of the Long March.

Major events in the stage of conquest and defeat

The Xiangjiang campaign broke through the fourth blockade of the Kuomintang army.

The previous three blockade lines:

On October 25th, 65438/KLOC-0, the Red Army broke through the first blockade of the Kuomintang army between Xinfeng and Anyuan in Jiangxi. 165438+1From 5 to 8 October, the second blockade line built by the enemy between Chengkou in Guangdong and Rucheng in Hunan was broken by the Red Army. From 13 to 15, the Central Red Army passed the enemy's third blockade from Chenxian, Tian Liang, Yizhang and Lechang.

The Central Red Army was divided into four columns and quickly crossed the Xiangjiang River, passing through the enemy's fourth blockade.

Xiangjiang Campaign-the most tragic battle in the Long March

1934165438+1In mid-October, the Central Red Army broke through three enemy blockade lines and entered Jiahe, Lanshan and Linwu areas in southern Hunan. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek really figured out the destination of the Red Army's strategic shift. He appointed He Jian, the leader of Xiang, as the commander-in-chief of the "Pursuit Army", mobilized Xiang and Gui Jun, deployed heavily on both sides of the Xiangjiang River, which was nearly three hundred miles between Lingling and Xing 'an, built bunkers and set up the fourth blockade. Chiang Kai-shek personally led Zhou Hunyuan's department of the Kuomintang Central Army and some Xiang troops to pursue it. At this time, Chiang Kai-shek was full of pride and thought that the Red Army would be wiped out between Xiangjiang River and Xiaoshui.

1654381On October 20th, Bai Chongxi saw a unit of the Red Army occupy the rivers in southern Hunan and run to Gongcheng, Guangxi. Bai Chongxi, like the Guangdong Army and Xiang Army, did not want to fight recklessly with the Red Army and consume troops, lest the Red Army enter the province or be annexed by Chiang Kai-shek. June165438+1October 265438+. In order to protect himself, He Jian did not send troops south as soon as possible, resulting in the 130 Li defense line being unguarded for 7 days.

The opportunity to successfully pass the fourth blockade has arrived. Unfortunately, the Red Army failed to seize this opportunity.

165438+1On October 25th, the Central Military Commission issued the order to cross the Xiangjiang River. The vanguard troops of Red 1 Legion arrived at Jieshou on June 27th 165438+, occupied the ferry without fighting, and soon took control of the banks of Xiangjiang River 60 miles north of Jieshou. At this time, the column of the Military Commission also reached the Guiyan area north of Guanyang, less than 80 kilometers away from the ferry.

The remaining problem is to buy time. Emergency orders followed. My feeling is that the column of the CMC just can't speed up the March. 165438+1October 26th, walked 8 kilometers; On the 27th, I only walked 6 kilometers; On the 28th, I walked 28 kilometers. On the 29th, I walked 32 kilometers. It took four days to walk to the Xiangjiang River. The Supreme Three-member Regiment wants to move the whole Central Soviet Area to Xiangxi. Before the breakthrough, thousands of porters were hired and more than 3,000 pairs of porters were tied. The arsenal was demolished and all the factories unloaded their machines. Anything valuable that can be moved is carried away on the backs of mules and donkeys, forming a huge seven-party transport team. It takes seven or eight people to lift the lithography machine and a dozen people to lift the cannon chassis. I can't bear to leave it behind. Walking on the narrow path in the mountains, how can such a team speed up the March?

165438+1On October 29th, Xiang Army and Gui Jun swarmed in, and the enemy launched an attack on the Red Army crossing the river. Red Army soldiers on both sides of the strait fought to the death with the superior enemy in order to cover the safe crossing of the river by the CPC Central Committee. In the red army's sniper position, shells and large explosions were heard, and many soldiers who had no time to build fortifications were stunned and had ear, nose and blood. The Red Army, with its single equipment, must use its flesh and blood to resist the indiscriminate bombing of enemy planes and heavy artillery, and the cruelty of the battle can be imagined. However, the slogan of "defending the central column to cross the river safely" still resounded over the position.

65438+February 1, the fighting reached a white-hot level, and the enemy launched an all-out attack on me in an attempt to recapture the ferry and annihilate me on the way across the river. This is a battle of life and death, a contest of will. Meet the brave in the narrow road and win. The Red Army soldiers simply defeated the enemy's entire company and battalion with bayonets and grenades. The blood of countless Red Army soldiers spilled on both sides of the Xiangjiang River, and the ferry was always firmly in the hands of the Red Army. On the day of 17, the central authorities and the Red Army troops finally crossed the Xiangjiang River to fight to the death.

Xiangjiang Campaign is the most heroic and crucial campaign since the breakthrough of the Central Red Army. Our army fought hard with the superior enemy, and finally tore open the heavily fortified blockade of the enemy and shattered Chiang Kai-shek's attempt to surround the Red Army to the east of Xiangjiang River.

Although the Red Army broke through the fourth blockade, it paid a huge price. The 5th Army Corps and Shao * * * International Division, which were established on the eve of the Long March, lost more than half, and the 8th Army Corps suffered more. The 34th Division was surrounded by the enemy, and all the officers and men fought bloody battles until they ran out of ammunition and food, and most of their comrades died heroically. After crossing the Xiangjiang River, the two columns of the Central Red Army and the Central Military Commission have been reduced from 86,000 at the time of departure to 30,000.

The Xiangjiang River War was the biggest fiasco in the history of the Red Army. The bloody facts declared the complete bankruptcy of the "Left" dogmatic military line, and pushed the red army officers and men's doubts and dissatisfaction with Wang Ming's line to a climax.

165438+1At the end of October, the Central Branch of the Central Base held a meeting and decided to set up special committees and divisions on the Jiangxi-Guangdong border, sending Li Letian and Yang Shangkui to the Jiangxi-Guangdong border, Luo to Yang Ganxian, and Zhang Dingcheng, Deng Zihui and Tan Zhenlin to western Fujian.

In early February of 65438+, the Central Red Army crossed Yuechengling (Laoshan boundary), the highest peak of Xiyan Mountains, and entered the Miao and Dong areas.

65438+February 10 After the Central Red Army entered Miaojiang, the Red Army station caught fire continuously. On that day, the Central Column arrived in Longping, Yi Nationality Village. After camping that night, a fire broke out and more than half of the villages and towns were burned down. The Red Army struggled to rescue and captured three Kuomintang traitors. The next day, a mass meeting was held and the spies were executed after a public trial.

The Central Military Commission is meeting in the corridor. He Jian, then commander-in-chief of the enemy's "forced suppression army", mobilized the troops of Xiang Army and fifteen divisions of Xue Yue, the "Central Army" under his command, and entered the positions in the north of Tongdao City-Xinning, Wugang, Suining, Jingxian, Huitong, Zhijiang and Qianyang, to intercept them. If the Central Red Army sticks to the original plan and joins the Red Second and Red Sixth Army in the north, it will fight a decisive battle with the enemy five or six times. At this critical juncture, Mao Zedong urged to abandon the original plan of joining forces with the Second and Sixth Legions and move forward to Guizhou, where the enemy forces were weak. So the Central Red Army changed its marching direction from Channel City. However, Bo Gu and Li De still insisted on meeting the Red Army Corps and the Sixth Army Corps as their basic goals.

12 14 the central red army occupied Liping county, Guizhou province, and opened the gateway to Guizhou.

12 18 * * The Central Committee held a meeting of the Political Bureau in Liping and made the Decision on Establishing a New Base Area in the Sichuan-Guizhou Border Region.

1935 65438+ 10/0/* * The Central Committee held a meeting of the Political Bureau at the Monkey Farm, and made a "Decision on the new course of action after crossing the river", proposing that the red army's course of action after crossing the river "is mainly to attack Chiang Kai-shek's main forces (such as the Second Corps of Xue Yue or other troops) and destroy one of them first. Thoroughly smash five "encirclement and suppression" campaigns and establish a new Soviet base area on the Sichuan-Guizhou border. At present, it is the most central task to develop northern Guizhou with Zunyi as the center and then develop to southern Sichuan. " Decided to put forward the basic slogan of the Red Army: "Establish a new Soviet base area in Sichuan and Guizhou", "Completely smash the enemy's five" encirclement and suppression "and" eliminate Chiang Kai-shek's main force "; We decided to take advantage of the time gained to make the troops have a short rest, strengthen the political work of the company, downsize the troops and enrich the combat company to adapt to the new combat environment, and decided to keep close contact with the Second and Sixth Army Corps and the Fourth Army to strengthen their political and military leadership, "so that they can cooperate with our counterattack with positive actions." "

65438+ 10 1 3, the Central Red Army crossed the Wujiang River in Jiangjiehe, Chashanguan and Huilongchang. On June 5438+1 October1day, the vanguard regiment in the middle road (Red Fourth Regiment, headed by Geng Pu and political commissar Yang Chengwu) arrived at Jiangjiehe Ferry to conduct force reconnaissance. On the morning of the 2 nd, I pretended to attack the old ferry and forcibly crossed the river at the new ferry upstream, failing. On the morning of the 3rd, he crossed the river again, defeated the 5th and 6th regiments of Lin Xiusheng, commander of Qian Jun River Defense, and successfully crossed the river. In the afternoon, he occupied the pig farm (piggery) where Qian Jun Jiang Fang headquarters was located. On the left, he crossed the river at Chashanguan Ferry. Because Hou Shouzhi's 2nd Regiment, the second independent division of Guizhou Army, did not resist, it crossed the river safely on the 3rd and entered Shangji. On the 2nd, the right wing crossed the river in Huilongchang, defeated the 8th regiment of Hou Zhibing Regiment, and entered Qingkou that night.

65438+1On October 7, the Second Division of the Central Red Army occupied Zunyi City, an important town in northern Guizhou.

References:

/Chang Zheng/Zhanyi/Xiangjiang.htm