Fujian Tubo Prose

My friend told me that there are many earthen castles left over from history in Minqing, Youxi, Yong 'an, Datian and Zhangping in central Fujian. From April 4th to April 7th, 20 17, I drove with three winter swimmers and went to Fujian to see the characteristics of the earthen fort.

There are earthen buildings in western Fujian, enclosed houses in southern Jiangxi, towers in Kaiping in central Guangdong and earthen castles in central Fujian. At first, I didn't care too much when I heard my friend talk about the earthen castle. Because I have seen all the earth buildings, surrounding houses, towers and so on. This Earth Castle may just be another name for these buildings I have seen. I don't know, after seeing the first earthen castle, we were a little reluctant to stop. In just four days, we saw 12 earth castle, 1 old house, and two scenic spots. There have been many professional articles describing the earthen fort in detail. I will use words to describe this kind of travel feeling and a superficial self-appreciation.

April 4(th)

Meng Jiao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said in a poem, "A horseshoe disease in the spring breeze can see all the Chang 'an flowers in one day. However, we have a prosperous spring breeze and smooth traffic, so it is difficult to collect earth castles in four days. "Tubao is a native local building. This material culture from the people has profound spiritual connotation. Meng Jiao, a poet, is even more proud to "look at the flowers". Our trip is also in the spring, and it is after paying homage to the Qingming of our ancestors. Under the same spring breeze, we have not completely got rid of the fetters of remembering our ancestors. But the good weather after the continuous spring rain also gave us a good mood. Driving all the way, looking at the beautiful scenery outside the car, our respective hearts are speculating about what the "Earth Castle" looks like.

On the first day, we visited three ancient buildings, Qilu, Si Le Xuan and Maojingbao. When I saw the earthen fort, I thought of the location of several other earthen castles, only to know that almost all of them were in the hinterland far away from the town. I have seen earth buildings in western Fujian and enclosed houses in southern Jiangxi, all of which are huge social buildings. Earth buildings, or closed houses, range from several families to a village. Adobe houses are basically family houses, but they are bigger.

Tucheng Castle is not grand and tall in appearance. Most of the earth castles are built on the mountain, so the front end of the whole castle is low and the back end is high, and the height difference is not less than that of the earth building. Moreover, the earth castles are basically in the form of an outer circle and an inner circle. On the first day, we saw Mao Jing Castle, which fully embodies this feature.

An earthen castle is not earthen. Tubo in central Fujian has a profound cultural background. Qilu is also famous for Hengzhai. Zhang, the owner of the earthen fort, is the magistrate of Jiujiang County. "Qi" is the owner's name and "Lu" is the solution to the house. But then I remembered a past event. Several years ago, I had a delegation from Huizhou. When I visited the ancient houses in the diving at the foot of Huangshan Mountain, I asked the narrator what the diving place name was. The commentator said that "the hidden mouth is the south mouth of Huangshan Mountain", which I always thought was far-fetched. Hearing the commentator say that Tao Yuanming lived here in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, my heart suddenly opened up. Tao Yuanming lives in seclusion here, which is the south exit of Huangshan Mountain. Maybe the name of a thousand people comes from this. Today, when I saw Qilu, I realized that Zhang had been a magistrate in Jiujiang, and Jiujiang had Kuanglu. Maybe this "Lu" also contains this meaning. So the name "Qi Lu" is more intuitive.

Qilu is also famous for Hengzhai. I also asked the local people and checked the information. I don't know the origin of the name "Pinhengzhai". I want to think carefully about whether "balance" is a sentence of "Wu Pin Xianheng" in the Book of Changes. "Everything is delicious" means "Everything is beautiful", and Shaoxing Xianheng Hotel is famous from Lu Xun's pen. The name "Xianheng" means that business is booming, everything goes well and financial resources are abundant. So, is "Pinheng Village" the meaning of "the village where everything is beautiful"? Finally, I can only say "maybe". Then, from the perspective of the architectural structure of the adobe, which is low in front and high in the back, it also means the concept of "rising step by step" and "a round place" However, Le Xuan, an ancient folk house, still retains its ancient pastoral style. It can be seen that the earthen fort does contain profound cultural connotations.

April 5(th)

A few people are surrounded by short bamboo fences, and wild leaves are swaying by the water. What does Qingsha mean? She is beautiful and selfless.

Zhejiang sea breeze is across the stern, and Shan Ye is static and old. I'm sorry I'm not looking for someone. I guard the city every night.

This "Seven Laws"? Ye Chun was written by Qi Jiguang in the Ming Dynasty. As can be seen from the poem, the most rampant Japanese invasion was the Ming Dynasty. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, it was difficult for the poor to make ends meet. These people were forced to plunder the property of the government and the rich, so bandits were everywhere and the government suppressed them. Many robbers turned to the sea and became pirates. The Japanese took the opportunity to collude with these bandits, which caused serious bandits in the southeast coastal areas and brought great harm to the local people. As a result, these earthen castles came into being.

On this day, we visited Guangyu Fort, Ruiqing Fort, Anzhen Fort, Pipa Fort, Tai 'an Fort and Anliang Fort in Xiaohua Village. These castles can be said to be the essence of our visit to the earthen castles.

The purpose of building earth castles is the same as that of earth buildings, enclosed houses and watchtowers. In addition to living, it is mainly used for theft prevention and flood control. It has not only various fortifications, but also racetracks and training grounds. Fujian is located on the southeast coast. Since ancient times, people often say that "the sky is high and the emperor is far away." Because Fujian is remote, the Japanese pirates do serious harm. Rich people or people in a place built such mud castles. Although it was built by a family or a clan, other villagers and people can go in and hide when Japanese bandits occur. The earthen castle we visited today is located in the middle of Fujian Province. Although the enemy cannot happen directly, bandits are serious. Therefore, the earth castle here has the function of resisting bandits, and Anzhen Castle is the most obvious embodiment of this.

As soon as we entered the walled gate of Anzhen Fort, we saw a training ground in front of the gate. There is a couplet on both sides of the main entrance, which says, "Be safe for a rainy day, Zhenguan Mu Feng is much quieter". This scene presents us with a life scene of nip in the bud and pray for peace and harmony. The people prayed for peace, which shows that the world was really not peaceful at that time.

The word "anzhen" comes from Zhouyi. Zhouyi wrote, "Kun,. Lizi Ma Zhizhen. A gentleman has friends, first fans and then wins; A friend in the southwest, a friend in the northeast, a Zhen Ji. " Therefore, from the perspective of geomantic omen, "anzhen" means "peace, chastity and stability". The Book of Changes also says that "An Zhen Ji should have no national boundaries", which further shows that "An Zhen Ji" is in line with the weather, geographical location, human harmony and philosophy, and is also the prayer of people all over the world for survival.

But when it comes to the effectiveness of adobe against bandits at that time, I got such information from a local. I asked, did the earthen fort resist the bandits' attack? The answer is that the earthen fort resisted the bandits' attack, but bandits rarely attacked the earthen fort. I asked why, and I replied, because every time bandits want food and money, the people will try their best to satisfy them as long as they can, and only after they can't satisfy them several times will they attack the earthen fort. I asked why, and replied that ordinary people always thought that they could live as long as they had food, and that satisfying those bandits could avoid trouble. Isn't it better to do more than less?

Alas, I am deeply touched by this. Whether what the local said is true or not, it shows an eternal and simple ordinary psychology. If it is true, I don't think the people have done anything wrong. From a political point of view, banditry is intolerable to society. From an economic point of view, this is also a form of asset redistribution. Because the feudal system itself caused social injustice, this injustice can only be solved by unofficial means. It may also be human nature for people to make peace and seek "harmony" through accumulated grievances.

April 6(th)

When we visited Tai 'an Castle, Castle and Tan Castle today, we found that many legends about Tubo can inspire people's moral and ethical concepts. Especially Taian Fort in Yiping Village, Lingdi Township, Zhangping.

Teachers in ancient private schools had the rule of teaching students by beating the board, and they were autocratic and rigid, of course, backward. With the development of society, modern advanced educational methods have replaced backward educational methods, and the most fundamental difference between backward and advanced educational methods is that teachers are not indoctrinating teaching, but heuristic teaching; Students do not rely on rote memorization, but on flexible understanding.

When I visited Taian Fort, some villagers told me that the owner who built Taian Fort encouraged his son to leave home and make a living by himself. At the end of one year, the eldest son missed his elders and went home to visit. At the door, my father saw him. Strict father, the adopted son, thought he had no ambition when he came back halfway after going out. In a rage, he hit his son with a heavy object. Soon after, his son died of injury, and his father regretted it. Later, he often warned his descendants to be generous and patient with others.

After listening to this legend, I remembered Meng Jiao's Wanderer in the Tang Dynasty:

The mother used the needle and thread in her hand to make clothes for her long-distance son.

Before leaving, I had a stitch for fear that my son would come back late and his clothes would be damaged.

Who can say that a filial child like the weak can repay his mother's love like the sunshine in spring?

It is human nature that a loving father and mother are always "afraid of delay in case he comes home late". However, the legendary father of Tai 'anbao felt that his son's return was a sign of no ambition, and he killed his son in a state of uncontrollable emotions. Strict teaching is cruel. I don't think so This is about the way of education.

I remember that in the 1960s, China was in turmoil. There is another legend that has been passed down to this day. It is said that poor middle peasants take over education, and a poor middle peasant gives lectures on the platform intuitively. He walked into the classroom with cabbage, radish and pepper, saying that college students under the old education system could not even tell the difference between leeks and wheat. Today, we should learn to distinguish different crops. Then he held up a cabbage and said loudly to the students, cabbage, this is cabbage. So, the students read aloud, cabbage, this is cabbage. Next, the poor middle peasants taught the students to know radish and pepper in turn. This so-called new way of education seems to be grounded, but this kind of education is actually a retrogression, not only thinner than the knowledge level, but also the method of education is indoctrination.

The contents of these two different legends are not recognized by modern people. The owner of Tai 'an Fort warned the children to be tolerant, but in education, it is not enough to be tolerant. Education must have profound knowledge connotation and teaching methods that inspire the wisdom of the educated.

The Fort Lian Fang visited later was built by the descendants of Zhang Daoling, the founder of Taoism. There is another legend in the construction of Fort Lian Fang. In this legend, the son also made a living outside, and later decided to go back to his hometown to build an earthen fort. Although his father opposed it, he didn't do anything drastic. Finally, the son visited Fang Lianbao with his clever structure, which was greatly appreciated by his father. It can be said that this legend of Fanglianbao is the positive solution of the legend of Taian Fort.

April 7(th)

We visited all the earthen castles. During my visit, I learned that there are many such earth castles in central Fujian. Due to the limited holiday time, we have to temporarily stop visiting other earthen castles.

Today, we decided to visit Lin Yin Shilin and Taoyuan Cave, two tourist attractions, to adjust the fatigue caused by three days of intense sightseeing. The stone forest with hidden scales is abrupt, while the Taoyuan Cave is suspended. I'm thinking, isn't this the history from sudden appearance to being stopped?

The timely appearance of earth castles is based on social unrest. With the development of society, adobe has lost its social function. Later, the earthen fort became an ancient cultural relic, leaving it to future generations with infinite reverie. Indeed, as a kind of material and cultural heritage, the earthen fort is gradually losing its meaning, but as a spiritual and cultural heritage it contains, it will be passed down indefinitely, constantly inspiring future generations to develop to a higher level of spiritual civilization.

After visiting Lin Yin Stone Forest and Taoyuandong Scenic Area, we drove home. All the way back to the earthen castle, my understanding of the earthen castle suddenly blurred again. Yes, adobe is closed, stagnant and self-centered. Although there are many inspirations for future generations, it also shows that the people are always helpless. Tubo seems to be a cry of injustice in ancient and modern society. If there is an opportunity, I'd like to know more about the earth castles in central Fujian.