What are the historical stories of Li Bai and Tao Yuanming?

In the early days of Tianbao, as soon as Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was spoiled, Li Bai knew He. He Zhangzhi introduced Li Bai to Tang Xuanzong, who was very surprised when he saw Li Bai's poems. When the poet set foot on the distant steps, Emperor Xuanzong went forward to meet Li Bai and talked about the political affairs at that time. Li Bai was able to write down a "book of harmony" on the spot according to the meaning of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty.

One night, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty took his beloved concubine, Yang Yuhuan, to watch four rare peony plants transplanted to Chenxiang Temple in the moonlight. They strolled along the long embankment near Xingqing Lake, followed by Kong Nian and a group of the best disciples in Liyuan. They are singing and dancing in the moonlight and holding flowers. When Li Guinian was about to sing with his orchestra, Tang Xuanzong said, "My concubine, how can we appreciate famous flowers?" Ask Li Guinian to give Li Bai a golden flower note and ask Li Bai to write a poem (that is, a seven-character poem with singing) quickly. I didn't expect that Li Bai was lying in a restaurant with some friends at the moment. Li Guinian quickly woke him up with cold water and asked him to put Li Bai in Xingqing Palace. Li Bai, half drunk and half awake, wrote three "Qingpingdiao":

Clouds need clothes, flowers and capacity, and spring breeze blows the threshold to show wealth.

If I hadn't seen Yushan for the first time, I would have met Yaotai under the moon.

A red dew incense, heartbroken in vain.

Excuse me, who looks like Han Palace? Poor Yan Fei leans on her new makeup.

Famous flowers fall in love and laugh like kings.

Explain that the spring breeze is infinitely hateful, and the agarwood pavilion is listless in the north.

Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was certainly happy to see new words, but he thought that Li Bai's classical poems were extraordinary and rare. At present, he has sung three seven-character poems, and I don't know how to write five-character poems, so I asked Li Bai to write ten five-character poems with the theme of "seeking pleasure in the palace".

Li Bai vaguely realized that the emperor was testing his ability, so he said to Tang Xuanzong, "I was drunk today." If your majesty gives me fearless courage, I can give full play to my skills. "

The emperor smiled: "All right!" Just ask two eunuchs to hold down the wobbly Li Bai, and then ask two eunuchs to hold down the manuscript paper with Zhu Si as the pillar.

Li Bai ordered, "Yang, give me the ink quickly! Gao Lishi, take off my boots!

Yang was Yang Guifei's younger brother, and Gao Lishi was the most favored eunuch at that time. These two are the emperor's confidants, and the minister of the DPRK is not qualified to be so rude. Isn't Li Bai too arrogant to have a head! However, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was in a particularly happy mood at that time. Seeing that Li Bai's metrical poems could be written so perfectly in a drunken state, he asked Yang and Gao Lishi to serve Li Bai.

Gao Lishi took off Li Bai's boots and Li Bai sat down at the table. Yang holds the ink that has been studied. Li Bai picked up the pen, thought for a while, brushed it again, and wrote ten more songs "Music in the Palace" without stopping.

Tang Xuanzong was very happy to read it, and immediately asked musicians to compose music for musicians to sing.

Where can Yang Can, Guo Zhong and Gao Lishi stand this tone? Although they served Li Bai on the surface, they cursed Li Bai countless times in their hearts and prepared to wait for an opportunity to clean up Li Bai.

Li Bai fell asleep after writing the poem. Li Guinian sang in the voice of Li Bai's poems. When Yang Yuhuan saw that the poems were all praising his beauty, he also went back to enjoy flowers with Xuanzong.

Two days later, when Yang Yuhuan was singing those qingping tunes alone, Gao Lishi took the opportunity to say, "I thought the queen hated Li Bai. How can you sing his words? "

Yang Yuhuan asked strangely, "He is a bachelor of Hanlin. How can I hate him so much?"

Gao Lishi said: "There is a sentence in the second" Qingpingdiao ","I asked who the Han Palace looked like, and the poor swallow leaned on the new makeup ". Isn't that comparing you to Zhao Yanfei who messed up the Han Palace? "

It is meaningful for Yang Yuhuan to consider this issue. Since then, whenever Emperor Xuanzong wanted to reuse Li Bai, Yang Yuhuan always stood by and stopped him.

Li Bai waited for a long time and didn't see the emperor reuse it. He guessed that someone must be in the way, so he simply quit his job as an academician, which could only make the king happy. Although Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty cherished Li Bai's talent, nothing was more important than Yang Yuhuan. Since she hated Li Bai, she had to give him a lot of gold to travel abroad.

From then on, Li Bai traveled around the world on a donkey and arrived in Huayin. He was drunk and wanted to climb the mountain, but he didn't get off the donkey when he passed the Yamen Pass in Huayin County. The magistrate didn't know Li Bai and was furious when he saw a little man dare to ride a donkey into the county government. He ordered Li Bai to be arrested in the lobby and scolded him, "Who are you?" Dare to be so rude? "

At that time, Li Bai wrote a strange confession with a pen There is no name or place of origin on it, only: "I once wiped my mouth with the emperor's handkerchief;" The emperor personally prepared soup for me; Yang holds the inkstone for me; Gao Lishi took off my boots for me; I can still ride a horse in front of the emperor, but I can't ride a donkey in front of Huayin County. "

Surprised and ashamed, the county magistrate bowed to Li Bai and said, "I don't know that Hanlin is here. It's disrespectful!"

Li Bai laughed, got on the donkey and continued to travel around the world.

In the first year of Tang Suzong, Li Bai, who was in his 60s, was still riding a donkey around the world. One day, he was walking on his way to Jinling. The hot weather made him very thirsty. Suddenly, he saw a small flag in front of a house, which said "Good Vinegar". Li Bai arrived at the door and saw a vinegar shop. He thinks it will be good to drink vinegar to quench your thirst.

Li Bai tied the donkey to a tree and walked slowly into the shop. When he saw that there was already a person sitting in the shop, he looked like a seven-product sesame official. Li Bai ignored him, went straight to the counter and said to the store:

One bite and one ding, there are temples in the bamboo forest, but no monks.

A woman with a son was born on 2 1.

The shopkeeper is a lost scholar. As soon as he heard it, he knew it was a poem riddle. After a while, he figured out that the answer was "what a good vinegar". So he quickly smiled and replied: "This is Shanxi mature vinegar, which is a good product in the north. Guests can try it! "

Li Bai is very happy. When a vinegar shop meets a bosom friend, it chats with the shop owner while drinking. After a while, Li Bai finished drinking vinegar, returned the vinegar pot to the store and said:

There are no birds in the goose mountain, and everyone loves women in the west.

Swallow it one by one, but you can't drink three points of water.

The store immediately figured out that the answer was "I want to go back" and said goodbye to Li Bai. "Guest, I wish you a safe journey!" Li Bai nodded and smiled. "Thank you!"

The magistrate saw Li Bai talking and laughing with the shopkeeper from the time he entered the store to the time he left. He couldn't understand what he said, but he couldn't bear to ignore him. When he saw Li Bai turn to go out, he stood up and shouted, "Wait a minute, who are you?" How dare you chew on words in front of me! "

Li Bai turned to say:

The beans are at the foot of the mountain, the moon is hanging in the sky,

Fighting for firewood can't find firewood, but Wang Li is a family.

Say that finish, take off the donkey and ride, and roared off.

Li Bai has gone out of sight, and the county magistrate is still pondering this poem.

The shopkeeper knew in his heart that it was "outrageous" and pretended not to understand, so that the county official could figure it out!

Li Bai Li fu Hua

It is said that Li Bai robbed a Book of Songs when he was one year old. His father is very happy and thinks that his son may become a famous poet when he grows up, so he wants to choose a good name for Li Bai. In order to prevent future generations from laughing at his lack of knowledge, the more carefully he named his son, the more he couldn't think of it. Until his son was seven years old, he didn't think of a suitable name. That spring, Li Bai's father said to his wife and children, "If I want to write a quatrain, just write it."

Li Bai and other mothers said: "Without thinking, they pointed to the plum trees in full bloom in the courtyard and blurted out:" Plums are in full bloom, and a tree is white. The father clapped his hands and applauded. Sure enough, his son was very talented in poetry. The more he reads, the more he likes it. It suddenly occurred to him that the first word of this poem was not his surname. This last white word is really well used, saying that a plum blossom is as holy as snow. So he named his son Li Bai.

Fairy from heaven

When Li Bai first arrived in Chang 'an, he met his secretary's boss. Li Bai took out an article "Difficult Road to Shu" and presented it. He Zhangzhi nodded while watching. He has sighed several times. Finally, he pointed his thumb at Li Bai and said, "Sir, you are really a fairy in the sky!" " Immediately take off the scarab, ask the shopkeeper to prepare wine, and pour a glass with Li Bai, and get drunk. "Tang Dynasty" written by the King of the Five Dynasties concretized his praise as "If a man is not a man, isn't he a white star?" He is a veteran in the literary world, and his book Shu Dao Nan has been so praised that this poem, together with the name of "fallen immortal", has spread all over the world.

Li Chuo in Tang Dynasty recorded in The History of the Past that there was a poet named Lu Chang in Zhenyuan period. In order to repay Wei Gao, our diligent envoy, the Prime Minister once gave him Shu as a gift. The first sentence says, "Go easy on the ground." Wei Gao was overjoyed and gave Luo 800 horses. But in fact, this sentence means that "Shu" is easy to walk on the ground. What's more, compared with "Shu", in fact, Shu Dao is not easy to walk. Because of its blandness, the whole poem Shu has not been handed down, and this sentence only exists in the records.

Flowers bloom in dreams-begin to show their literary talents

According to Tianbao's last words, when Li Bai was young, he dreamed that there were flowers on the tip of his pen. Later, he was really talented and famous all over the world. It is also recorded that Li Bai is an informal drinker, but there is nothing wrong with the article he wrote. When talking with people, most people can't tell what Li Bai is talking about, so people call it drunken saint. In addition to the famous legend of Gao Lishi taking off his boots and Yang Momo, Tianbao's suicide note also records that Li Bai once gave an imperial edict to Ming Chengzu in the convenience hall. When it was cold in October, the pen froze and he couldn't write. Ming Chengzu ordered dozens of concubines to stand by and write by themselves. It can be seen that Li Bai took a pen to write.

Fishing at sea

It is said that Li Bai was the prime minister of Kaiyuan at that time and signed the name of Li Bai, a fisherman at sea. The Prime Minister asked him: [What is Mr. Li's hook line for fishing giant aojiang at the seaside? Li Bai replied: [Ride the wind and waves to escape his feelings, and Gan Kun will pursue his ambition, with the rainbow as the silk and the bright moon as the hook. The Prime Minister asked again: [What is the bait? Li Bai replied: [Take the unfaithful husband in the world as bait. Indeed, the momentum is extraordinary.

Li Bai and Du Fu

Li Bai and Du Fu have different poetic styles and temperament, but they have become close friends. Du Fu presented Li Bai with fourteen poems, which showed their profound friendship. Li Bai is brilliant, writing poems like the Yangtze River, flowing like a thousand miles. Du Fu, however, belongs to the Kuyin school, so he should always think twice before deciding. So Li Bai once wrote a poem, mocking Du Fu's poem. This poem is as follows:

Chenxiang Temple's drunken Fu Qing Ping Diao

In the early days of Tianbao, Li Bai, who lived in Nanling, suddenly received a letter from the imperial court. It turns out that even the current emperor Li Longji knew his poem name because of the recommendation of Princess Yu Zhen and He Zhangzhi! Li Bai was overjoyed and felt that it was time for him to make great achievements. He chanted, "Go out and laugh to the sky. Are we Artemisia?" He hurriedly settled his two children, packed up and went to Beijing.

Xuanzong summoned him in the golden palace. Li Bai's "on current affairs, the grass answers the mystery book, the argument is endless, and the pen keeps on." Greatly impressed, Xuanzong ordered him to take food on the Qibao bed, and personally handed him a spoon and said to him, "Your name is Bu, I know, but this is not morality. How can you get this! Since then, Li Bai has been waiting for imperial academy's imperial edict, adorning the court with his wonderful flowery pen, occasionally speaking for the grass king, but more often he is entertaining with poems in the palace.

Li Bai grew tired of the life of this literary attendant, so he often indulged in drinking places. Later, he simply took He, Ruyang Wang Li, Li, Cui Zongzhi, Zhang Xu and Jiao Sui to travel, and when he was drunk, he lay in a restaurant in the city, which often caused the guys to look around. Du Fu wrote a song of the Eight Immortals while drinking, describing eight people.

On this day, Li Bai was drunk in the market again and suddenly felt a cold water. When he opened his eyes, Li Guinian, a musician in the palace, was standing in front of him with a golden flower stationery. It turned out that the peony was in full bloom at that time, and the red, purple, light red and Bai Mudan transplanted by Xuanzong were also open for the second time. Xuanzong and Yang Fei went to enjoy the flowers, and Li Guinian led the disciples to sing and entertain as usual. So he ordered Li Guinian to summon Li Bai with gold paper and invited him into the three chapters of Qingpingdiao. Li Bai readily accepted the imperial edict, although he was still slightly drunk, but he made great contributions:

All three poems praise Peony and Yang Fei, but I didn't expect to offend Yang Guifei because of these three poems. It is said that Xuanzong tried several times to give Li Bai an official position, and once promised to be a calligrapher in China for him, but they all gave up because of Yang Guifei's obstruction.

It turned out that Li Bai used "poor swallows leaning on new makeup" to set off and praise Yang Guifei's beauty, while Gao Lishi, who was ashamed to take off his boots for Li Bai under the command, deliberately distorted in front of Yang Guifei and said, "Pointing at concubines with swallows is so despicable!" Because Zhao is a woman who was born in humble origins, was extravagant and dissipated after gaining power, and finally committed suicide. Although she was the queen of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, she did have a bad reputation. Therefore, when Yang Guifei learned that Li Bai compared herself to such a woman, she was very angry and blocked Li Bai's opportunity to be an official in many ways. However, for this story, later generations are more skeptical.

In the third year of Tianbao (744), Li Bai was released with money and ended his career as a literary attendant. But the three chapters of Qing Ping Diao and the legendary stories surrounding these three poems have been passed down to this day.

Hit the yellow crane tower

Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower is the most famous poem sung by scholars in past dynasties. Because of this poem, the poet Li Bai had to sigh "I can't see the scenery in front of me". Therefore, we can't find the poem "Climbing the Yellow Crane Tower" in the Complete Works of Li Taibai. Li Bai wrote the poem "Hit the Yellow Crane Tower", which caused a storm.

On July 59, the second year of Su Zonggan Yuan, Li Bai was pardoned on the way to Yelang. When he arrived in Jiangxia, he met Wei Bing, an old friend of Nanling County Magistrate. The poet was full of worries, so he improvised a famous long political lyric poem "Jiangxia gives Wei Nanling Ice". In the poem "I smashed the Yellow Crane Tower for you, but you also smashed the Nautilus Island for me", Li Bai also wrote a poem "I was drunk, and I answered Ding Eighteen to smash the Yellow Crane Tower with poetry": in this poem, Li Bai used a humorous style to "accompany Ding Eighteen": you blame me for disturbing your "escape" and make a poem to blame me, but I smashed the Yellow Crane Tower, and Huang Hexian. Fortunately, the yellow crane can sue the jade emperor in heaven, and the jade emperor will let it return.

Although some people don't believe that this poem was written by Li Bai, the story of Li Bai's "smashing the Yellow Crane Tower" has spread like wildfire. In the Song Dynasty, a monk used this story to play a poem and said, "Punch the Yellow Crane Tower and kick Nautilus Island over with one foot. There is no scenery in front of me, but Cui Xian wrote the poem on it. " Another monk thought the poem was not enough to write a white mantra, so he recited it. Where there is no romance, there is romance. "In the poem" Hanging Taibai "by Jie Jin in the Ming Dynasty, there is also the sentence" I once smashed the Yellow Crane Tower and I once landed in Nautilus Island ",which shows the great influence of this poem. But these people only regard this as a romantic story of Li Bai, but seldom think of the anger in the poet's chest. What a misfortune for Li Bai!

Climb the Phoenix Terrace from Nanjing.

Although Li Bai stopped writing and didn't write a poem about climbing the Yellow Crane Tower because he was convinced of Cui Hao's works, he always felt something was missing. He looked at Nautilus Island in the middle of the river and thought, Why don't I learn from Cui Hao and write a poem in this style? Thus, seven laws named Nautilus Island were born:

However, such a poem obviously cannot be compared with the Yellow Crane Tower. It was not until I arrived in Jinling and boarded the Phoenix Tower that I felt the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties and the decline of the national fortune that I was inspired to board the Phoenix Tower in Nanjing, which was comparable to the Yellow Crane Tower in terms of meteorological regulations.

This poem and the Yellow Crane Tower are both representative works of the Seven Laws in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. However, as Cui Zuoqian and Li Bai intend to write it later, Cui Hao and Yellow Crane Tower are becoming more and more famous.

In fact, the style of the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao is to imitate Shen Quanqi's Longchi articles. In addition, Cui Haoxian also imitated and created a song "Wild Gate as a Tiger Song". However, Longchi Pian and Yanmen Song are not well known to the world, while Yellow Crane Tower is praised by later generations as the seven-rhythm scroll of the Tang Dynasty, which has something to do with Li Bai's "scenery in front of him".

Li Bai is a good bird feeder.

According to historical records, Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was also a master of bird training.

When Li Bai was about 20 years old, he once lived in seclusion in Qingcheng Mountain near Chengdu, Sichuan. In addition to reading books and practicing swords in the mountains, he also carefully domesticated a large group of birds. In his later article "History of Peichang in Shang 'an County", he said: "There are thousands of rare birds, all of which are free to eat, so it is not surprising to guess that he not only keeps an amazing number of birds, but also can make them obey his orders. It shows that his skill in domesticating birds is quite superb. The local secretariat was very moved when it learned about this. He visited Li Bai in the mountains and recommended him to Chao Xuan in the name of "being pregnant with Taoism". But Li Bai didn't want to be the royal "mage" of Li Longji in the Tang Dynasty, disdaining to be a stepping stone, and finally there was no * * *.

Li Baixi raised birds all his life. Even when he was frustrated politically and wandered around, he enjoyed it. Gong Hu, a hermit in Huangshan Mountain, has a pair of pheasants, which were hatched by domestic chickens and raised since childhood. Li Bai once raised this kind of bird in Qingcheng Mountain, but it was not domesticated successfully because of its strong wildness. Therefore, he could not conceal his love for Gong Hu Silver Pheasant and expressed his gentlemanly demeanor. However, when Li Bai asked Xian Chen to write a poem by himself, he was ecstatic. He immediately wrote a poem for Wang Yan and made a preface to it, in which he revealed his enthusiasm: "This kind of bird, Geng Jie, is particularly difficult to domesticate. It is impossible to be cool and good in life. But Gong Hu gave it to me and only asked for one. "

Li Bai's keen interest in domesticating birds reflects his positive outlook on life.

Two anecdotes about Li Bai

At the end of Tianbao in Tang Dynasty, Li Bai wandered to Nanling and Xuancheng, where he was warmly received by Wang Lun, a hermit. Li Bai also left poems and wrote two five-character ancient poems (see Volume 23 of Complete Works of Li Taibai). Poetry vividly depicts the elegant and beautiful natural scenery of the host villa, as well as the singing and dancing of the host and guests in the intense wine state.

Wang Lun stayed for a few days and gave him a big parting gift and a song to see him off. Li Bai felt this and wrote a poem "To Wang Lun": Li Bai was about to walk by boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore. Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than that in Wang Lun. This well-known poem "To Wang Lun", which expresses feelings, has been widely read by later generations, with just four sentences.

But did you know that Li Bai was tricked into going to Taohuatan by Wang Lun?

What kind of person is Wang Lun? According to the Records of Jingxian County compiled during Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty, Wang Lun was a hermit living by the Peach Blossom Lake and an intellectual who didn't make progress.

Wang Lun learned that Li Baidong had gone to Xuancheng and wrote a book to "cheat" him to visit. This anecdote is not only known to the local people, but also recorded in Yuan Mei's Suiyuan Poetry (Volume 6, Addendum 11):

Wang Lun, a famous scholar in Jingchuan in Tang Dynasty, heard that Li Bai was coming and wrote a book to welcome him. There are miles of peach blossoms here. Is it delicious, sir? There are ten thousand hotels here. Speaking of which, he told the cloud, "There are peach blossoms in the pool, but there are no peach blossoms. "。 Tens of thousands of people, the boss surnamed Ye Wan, there are no 10,000 hotels. "Li Daxiao. After staying for a few days, he personally gave him eight famous horses and ten official seals. Li Ang means a poem of Peach Blossom Pond.

This quatrain of Taohuatan refers to the poem To Wang Lun.

However, in Li Bai's uninhibited personality, there is sometimes a little jealousy.

In the second year of Tang Dynasty (AD 759), Li Bai exiled Yelang and was pardoned. During his stay in Jiangxia (now Wuchang, Wuhan), he climbed the Yellow Crane Tower on the Snake Mountain. Facing the surging river, he is full of poetry and wants to write poems on it. He suddenly saw Cui Hao's poem The Yellow Crane Tower:

In the past, the yellow crane carried saints to heaven, but now only the yellow crane on the Yellow Crane Tower will not return to the world, and the white clouds will never fly.

Every tree in Hanyang becomes clear in the water, and Parrot Island is a nest of sweet grass, but I look home, and the dusk becomes dark, and there is a sad mist on the river waves.

Li Bai, who wanted to write a poem, dared not write it after reading it, so he sighed, "There is a landscape in front of him, but Cui Hao wrote a poem on it." He left without doing anything. However, Taibai was convinced and dissatisfied with Cui Hao's poems, and went to Nanjing to write "Climbing the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing", hoping to compete with the Yellow Crane Tower in Cui Hao;

Phoenix, which used to play here, was named here, but now it has been abandoned in this barren river, with a grass song in the path of Wu Palace and old dust in golden clothes.

Just like this Egret Island divides the river, a cloud rises between the light of heaven and me, hiding his city from my melancholy heart.

The former site of Phoenix Terrace is in Fengtai Mountain, Nanjing. This incident is recorded in Volume 5 of Tiaoxi Fishing: "Li Taibai became famous, and he also said,' There is no scenery in front of him, but Cui Haoshi is on it'. If you want to compare the results, it is a poem "Jinling Dengfengtai". " At present, the ongoing Chronicle of Tang Poetry, Volume 21, also has: "

However, after Li Bai and Cui Hao competed with each other, Cui Hao's poems became more and more famous and admired. Yan Yu, a poet in Song Dynasty, said in Cang Lang Shi Hua that Cui Hao's Yellow Crane Tower should be the first of the seven laws in Tang Dynasty.

Later generations talked about it. Fang Hui, who lived in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, said that Li's poem Ying Sui was similar to Cui Shi's, but Ji Yun disagreed with Fang Hui's statement and admitted that "the spirit is far less than Cui Shi's, and the clouds are not easy to change." Wu Changqi commented on Li Bai's Tang poem "On Nanjing Climbing the Phoenix Terrace" and said, "Get up!

It seems that Li Bai doesn't have to compete with Cui Hao. As the saying goes, the ruler is short, the inch is long, and we must always strive for the first place.

The Story of Tao Yuanming: Ren Peng Ling Ze

Pengze is a small county with a population of only over 20,000. Here, the water network is dense, swamps and lakes are dotted, the temperature is moderate, and the land is fertile, which is very suitable for the growth of crops. Therefore, the products are rich, all kinds of resources are rich, and people's lives are relatively stable. Tao Yuanming came to work in Pengze and was satisfied at first, because it was not far from home. As long as he takes a boat from Pengze, it takes only two days to reach the inland river ferry near Shangjingli. According to an unwritten rule at that time, each county magistrate can have the right to control the income and expenditure of 300 mu of public land, and the income also belongs to the county magistrate, which is enough to maintain the life of a family. At the same time, with his talent, he is full of ambition and confidence in managing a small pengze county. He is looking forward to his arrival in pengze county. He must be merciful, love the people and do his best to make the people live and work in peace and contentment.

In pengze county at that time, since the implementation of the oral tax system in the first year of Xiaowu, there have been two phenomena that each adult male receives 50 meters rent. First, the burden on ordinary farmers has greatly increased, and farmers are unwilling to own more land. Some barren hills and swamps are unwilling to be reclaimed, and some farmers even abandon some barren land. Second, the situation of secluded population is serious. There is a strange phenomenon that the number of borrowers is far less than the actual population, which leads to the reduction of tax revenue and the burden of the government is passed on to ordinary farmers. Faced with this situation, the first thing Tao Yuanming has to do after taking office is to check the household registration.

The census of household registration has not been conducted in pengze county for more than ten years, because some local officials didn't go deep into the people's feelings and didn't know much about the inside story, so they turned a blind eye and let it go. Some of them saw the problem and caught it, but they gave up halfway because of various interferences. There are two kinds of people in Subversive. One is a big landlord with deep pockets who bribed the census director because of his money. Second, local local tyrants and evil gentry, or importune with law enforcement officers, make them unable to inspect, or use someone in their family to be an official in Zhou Ya, forcibly oppress the people, and make inspectors afraid to work normally, which is only a symbolic registration. For example, the Hetai in the north of the city has hundreds of hectares of fertile land and hundreds of adult slaves at home. Because He Long, the younger brother of Hetai, has served as the magistrate of Xunyang County for a long time, and is the deputy of the prefect, all previous magistrates are correct. Only 20 men were recorded, which is far from the actual number. So other big landlords followed suit, and the census work could only be abandoned halfway. And Tao Yuanming, in this census work, is "the first to catch the thief is the king", dare to bite the bullet, so he started from home at once. He suddenly called Mrs. He, led the chief into the government, and instructed Mrs. He to take out the roster on the spot and check them one by one. It shook the county in one fell swoop, and more than 3,000 adult males hidden by the rich gentry were found in only half a month. After the success of the first battle, he announced that from the following year, the tax paid by each adult male would be reduced from five stones to three stones, and the people of the county cheered in unison, praising the new county magistrate's wisdom and virtue of loving the people like children.

Tao Yuanming offended Cheng and Long in Xunyang County because of this census. He Long did evil, designed and used Du You and Liu Yun's hand to punish Tao Yuanming. Du You is a county official, who is responsible for the specific monitoring and assessment of county officials' achievements, which has a direct impact on the promotion and dismissal of county officials. Du You Liu Yun in Xunyang County is notoriously insatiable and goes there every winter and summer. Every time he goes to the department, he comes home with a full load. He Long ordered Liu Yun to come to Penze as planned. He suddenly broke into the county government without any written notice in advance, so that Tao Yuanming was caught off guard. At this moment, Tao Yuanming was drinking and chatting with several aides. When he heard that He Yun had arrived, he immediately withdrew from the table and rushed out. Unexpectedly, Liu Yun was angry. Instead of returning the gift, he also scolded: "This official department is here." At present, the country is in an eventful autumn. You don't think about the country's kindness, and make great efforts to benefit the people. Instead, you gather people to drink in broad daylight and ignore political affairs. What's the use of the court asking you to wait for corrupt officials? "After leaving, Yuan Ming asked the crowd," Du, are you angry today? Don't know why? " An assistant replied, "Du You has always been greedy. Judging from his humble position, he just used this excuse to ask for bribes. "Yuan Ming said angrily," How can I stoop down to ask those little people for five dou meters! Asking for a bribe, he found the wrong person. "?

On that night, people came to Wuchang to attend the funeral. Tao Yuanming's sister died of sudden illness, and an inexplicable sadness suddenly rose in Tao Yuanming's heart. He recalled what happened during the day and the dark situation of officialdom intrigue, and then thought that his desire to retire from the countryside for many years had never really come true, so he finally made up his mind to quit the officialdom and return to the countryside, so he ordered Xing Tao to look for a boat outside the city. I packed my bags, stepped into the gate of the county government alone, looked at the gold plaque hanging high in the mirror, sneered a few times, then put the seal on the desk, strode out of the county government, walked to the riverside pier, and took a boat with Xing Tao to Beijing.

Tao Yuanming resigned from Peng and retired, leading a quiet life of self-cultivation and drinking and writing poems.

Legend has it that one day, a teenager came to him for advice and said, "Mr. Tao, I admire your profound knowledge." I really want to know your wonderful method of reading when you were a teenager. Please advise, the younger generation is grateful. "

Tao Yuanming laughed and said, "How can there be a wonderful learning method? There is only a stupid way, relying on hard work, hard work, progress, and dropping out! "

Seeing that the boy didn't understand what he meant, Tao Yuanming took his hand and walked to the rice field where he was sowing. He pointed to a seedling and said, "You stay here, take a closer look and tell me if it has grown taller?" After watching it for a long time, the young man still didn't see Xiaomiao grow up, so he stood up and said to Tao Yuanming, "I'm not good at it!" "

Tao Yuanming asked, "Are you sure you can't? So, how did the dwarf seedlings become so tall? "

Seeing that the teenager bowed his head and said nothing, Tao Yuanming further led him to say, "In fact, it has been growing, but we can't see it with the naked eye. The same is true of reading and studying. Knowledge is accumulated bit by bit, and sometimes it is not easy for him to notice, but as long as he keeps learning, many a mickle makes a mickle. "

Then, Tao Yuanming pointed to a grindstone by the stream and asked the boy, "Why is that grindstone so concave as a saddle?" "I see," the boy replied casually.

"When was that ground into this?" The boy shook his head.

Tao Yuanming said: "This is what we do every day, sharpening knives and sickles, accumulating over time, year after year, and so is our study. If we don't keep studying, we will owe something every day. "

The teenager suddenly realized that he quickly sent a big gift to Tao Yuanming and said, "Thank you for your advice. Students will never ask for any wonderful methods again. Please leave me a few words, which I will always remember. "

Tao Yuanming happily wrote: "Diligence is like a seedling in spring. If it is not increased, it will grow stronger day by day;" Dropping out of school is like a whetstone. Can't see the harm, losing money every day.