Ho Tung’s brief introduction and detailed information

He Shiwen

Charles Henry Maurice Bo *** an (his middle name Henry is the English spelling of his name after Anglicization, and the Dutch spelling of the original Dutch name is Henri was born on August 29, 1839 in Rotterdam, Netherlands, and died on November 10, 1892 in Bramham Gardens, London, England; he was the biological father of Ho Tung, the richest man after the opening of Hong Kong. Ho Shi Man was originally a Dutch Jew, and his name was Ho Shi Man. It sounds very Chinese. It is actually the Cantonese transliteration of his surname Bo *** an. Ho Tung's foreign name is Robert HoTung Bo *** an. Ho Tung's foreign name still retains the surname Bo *** an (see the picture on the right in 1908 for details). The New York Times reported on Ho Tung in 2001) but the Chinese surname has been changed to Ho. After the opening of Hong Kong in 1842, it attracted a group of European businessmen and adventurers looking for business opportunities to Hong Kong. Ho Shiman was one of them. Ho Shiman arrived in 1859 Hong Kong did not leave Hong Kong until 1873. There are rumors that Ho Shiman once worked at Jardine Matheson in Hong Kong. However, according to historical records, Ho Shiman owned his own company, Bo *** an & Co.. Data shows that when the Hong Kong Grand Hotel opened in 1868, Ho Shiman owned Partial stakes in Hong Kong hotels. At the same time, he was also a director of Huangpu Dockyard. He Shiwen's company had good business dealings with Jardine Matheson in the marine insurance business. In 1869, He Shiwen served as the consul of the Netherlands. During this period, He Shiwen felt that it was difficult to do business in Hong Kong. He sold his assets in Hong Kong and left Hong Kong to develop in the United Kingdom. In 1873, he opened an "Eastern Agency" in London, England, and closed it in 1885. He moved his "Oriental Agency" which he ran for 12 years to James Whittall's firm, J. Wittall & Co., where he worked until his death in 1892. Since Ho Shiman was naturalized in the UK in 1888, he has British nationality. This is why some people and some Chinese media mistakenly believe that the "Ho Tung family" has British ancestry. In fact, having British nationality does not mean having British ancestry. "The Hotung family" has Dutch ancestry. More correct. The New York Times reported in 1908 that Ho Tung's biological father was Dutch. To clarify the facts

(1) Walter Bo *** an is the foreign name of He Shiwen's son He Qijia, not the foreign name of He Shiwen himself.

(2) Walter Bo *** an is not the name of Shi Di who married another European, but the foreign name of He Qijia, the son of Shi Di and He Shiwen, who was a good friend of Shi Di in Europe. There was only one person, He Shiwen, and Shi Di had not had any relations with any foreigners except He Shiwen. Character introduction

Ho Tung (1862-1956), formerly known as Ho Qidong, also known as Xiaosheng, English name is (Robert HoTung Bo *** an), Ho Tung's father is a Dutch Jew, Charles Henry Maurice Bo ***an (Cantonese transliteration He Shiwen), his mother is "Shi Di" from Bao'an, Guangdong, China, so he is of mixed Eurasian descent. Due to his shrewd mind, Ho Tung quickly became a super rich man in Hong Kong. There used to be a proverb in Hong Kong that describes a person who does not know himself well and would say, "You think you are Ho Tung." This sentence is enough to prove that Mr. Ho Tung's As the richest man in Hong Kong, he can be as rich as the country. Ho Tung's eldest grandson (Ho Sai Kim's eldest son) Ho Hong-cheung

Ho Tung is a founding member of the famous Ho Kai-tung family in Hong Kong. He is a famous Hong Kong entrepreneur and one of the founders of the University of Hong Kong. He and his wife Zhang Liangjue married Jian Donglian Jue Yuan is an important milestone in Hong Kong's private women's education and Buddhism. He Qidong's first wife is Mak Xiuying. He believed in Christianity during his lifetime. After his death, he was buried with Yuan Yuan in the private family cemetery in Happy Valley (located at East Lin Kuk Court, Happy Valley).

Mr. He Qidong was raised by his mother since he was a child. He was influenced by Chinese culture and often regarded himself as Chinese. Biography

In his early years, he joined the China Department of Hong Kong Jardine Matheson & Co. as a junior assistant in charge of translation. Ho Tung

In 1882, he was promoted to manager of the Hong Kong Fire Insurance Company and the Guangdong Marine Insurance Company, a subsidiary of Jardine Matheson & Co.

In 1894, he was promoted to general manager of Jardine Matheson.

In 1897, he became a rich man with a net worth of more than 2 million. In the same year, he resigned as general manager of Jardine Matheson and was replaced by his younger brother He Qifu.

In 1906, Mr. Ho Kai-tung applied to the Governor of Hong Kong in conjunction with the Executive Council for permission to live in Mid-Levels in Central, becoming the first Chinese to live on the top of Victoria Peak.

In 1926, he took over the Industrial and Commercial Daily and the operation was very successful.

Successfully mediated the seamen's strike in the 1930s.

He fled Hong Kong before the fall of Hong Kong in 1941 and took refuge in Macau. He returned to Hong Kong on New Year's Day in 1946 and continued to do business.

Received the Portuguese Order of Merit in 1952.

Died in Hong Kong in April 1956. During his lifetime, he donated real estate in Macau to the Macau Government, which is now located in the Ho Tung Library.

The Sir Robert Ho Tung Charitable Fund is one of the major trust funds in Hong Kong. It was established in 1956 with a donation of HK$500,000 from the late Sir Robert Ho Tung. The fund is currently managed by HSBC Trustees (Hong Kong) Limited. Mrs. Cheung Lien-kue

She is the wife of Sir Ho Tung (also known as Ho Kai-tung), a lay gentleman from Hong Kong. Tung Lin Kok Yuen is the earliest Dharma propagation monastery established in Hong Kong. Named after Ho Tung and Zhang Lien-jue. Ho Tung's ordinary wife Zhang Lienjue (Zhang Jingrong)

He Qidong's wife, He Zhanglianjue, layman, named Jingrong, was born in Xin'an County, Guangdong Province, in the first year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1875). He was born graceful and possessed of wisdom. My father was appointed to the office of Xiangxu, so Lianjue was also a good translator. Believe in Buddhism at a young age and have good roots. After growing up, He Xiaosheng was born in the same concubine. He mastered the art of moving and became a pottery and rice industry. The people of the village are regarded as lucky and prosperous. Be rich but not arrogant, and be good at breeding. In every year of famine and war, he often invited his husband and spent huge sums of money to help the victims. It is also used in Buddhism, and the number is similar. The scriptures are interpreted and the Buddhist temples are built. The Tung Lian Kok Garden in Hong Kong was founded, with a golden face and extremely majestic equipment. It was a place for pure lovers to study. The cultivation of talents is very prosperous. People hear about it from far and near, and many people follow it. Lian Juefeng has a bright and graceful spirit, a tall and graceful figure, and is chanting elegantly. After returning home, he carefully guarded his garden and sparse his lead rafters, so he was known for his virtues and not for his talents throughout his life. His book "Travel Notes on Famous Mountains" is well known for its superb writing style. Lianjue studied Buddhism with perseverance. There is enough to describe the auspicious moments at the end of life. Donglianjueyuan, according to the old practice, every year on November 17th, Amitabha's Christmas Day begins, and the Buddha is recited for seven days. At the age of Ding Chou, Lianjue suddenly asked all the people in the garden to pray. This year, the Buddha's Seventh Exhibition was postponed for ten days, starting on November 27th. When the Buddha attained his perfection, Lianjue died of a slight illness, just half an hour after reciting Tibetan scriptures. He knows the time is coming and can calculate it calmly. When he was dying, a red light emerged from his feet, turned white, enveloped his whole body, and disappeared toward the west. More than a hundred people were standing by, watching everything. Lianjue was born in Yihai and died in Dingchou in 1937, at the age of sixty-three. They gave birth to three sons and seven daughters, most of whom graduated from Yinghong University with fake bachelor's degrees.

She is a devout Buddhist. In the winter of the 11th year of the Republic of China (1922), layman Lianjue contacted Buddhist believers in Hong Kong and respectfully invited the abbot of Qixiashan Temple in Nanjing, the old monk Ruoshun, to come to Hong Kong to preside over the seventh Buddhist temple. If Master Shun, Master Aiting and other monks arrive in Hong Kong, Lian Jue welcomes them to their home and makes offerings to them, forming a bond. In 1929, Sir Robert Ho Tung and layman Lian Jue visited Qixiashan Temple in Nanjing. They saw the temple's Sui Dynasty stupa shining brightly. They thought it was incredible, so they donated 20,000 yuan to rebuild Qixiashan Temple. From then on, he became increasingly devout in his belief in Buddhism. From then on, he devoted all his efforts to the cause of using Buddhism to improve the world and people's hearts.

In the 21st year of the Republic of China (1932), Master Aiting, the abbot of Zhenjiang Zhulin Temple, retired, and layman He Zhanglianjue invited Master to spread his teachings in Hong Kong. Master Aiting arrived in Hong Kong, and with the support of layman He Zhanglianjue, he opened the "Baojue Buddhist Research Society" in "Haiyun Lanruo" in Beishan, recruiting young women to teach Buddhist education. Then in the autumn of the following year, layman Ho Cheung Lian-kueh purchased a piece of land on Shan Kwong Road, and under the design and supervision of Master Ait-ting, he built the earliest and largest "Tung Lian-kueh Garden" in Hong Kong. Donglianjue Garden cost 150,000 yuan at that time and was built tall and magnificent. Of course, this was a huge construction cost. It was donated by Sir Robert Ho Tung.

Ten years later, when the relationship matured, Master Aiting came to Hong Kong. Seeing that there were people who could help him build the Dharma Garden, Layman Lianjue actively carried out the construction of the Dharma Garden.

Master Aiting continued in the above article: On the one hand, preparations were made to build a formal garden. The preliminary work started with the purchase of the location. Due to financial constraints, in this Hong Kong environment where land is at a premium, although we visited many places, we found suitable ones. The price was too high, and the cheaper ones were not suitable. Because I had to run a charity school, I couldn't go too far away from the city. It was extremely difficult! It took a long time to find the address of Shan Guang Road. He taught me how to build a house, how to decorate Buddha statues, and how to display the interior. He trusted me and gave me guidance, which cost me a lot of effort and energy.

Layman Lianjue has always been charitable and does not value money. Let me give you an example to illustrate this. For a period of time, the Hong Kong police cracked down on wild dogs. For unmarked dogs, they would ruthlessly arrest and shoot them as soon as they saw them. Lay Practitioner Lian Jue felt extremely sad when he saw that a large number of unlicensed dogs were killed every year. It moved the whole body's compassionate heart. He contacted some Chinese and foreign celebrities and philanthropists, and asked the Hong Kong government to help the dogs. He received the sympathy of the government and set aside a piece of land to build a house to house the wild dogs. But the land was available, and the construction costs were still available. Layman Lianjue generously donated 10,000 yuan to build a very neat dog farm next to the Songwang Terrace in Kowloon. From then on, all the dogs caught by the police were sent here. Keeping them in foster care saves countless lives every year. Family Parents

Father: He Shiwen, a Dutch Jew. Portrait of Ho Tung’s mother Shi Di

Mother: Shi Di, a native of Bao’an, Guangdong. During He Shiwen's stay in Hong Kong (1859-1873), he and Shi Di lived together as unmarried. Shi Di and He Shiwen gave birth to 1 daughter and 4 sons (in order of eldest and youngest): He Baiyan (daughter), He Qidong, He Qifu, He Qiman, and He Qijia (Shi Di's 6th child). There are two richest men among their descendants, namely their son Robert Ho Tung, the richest man in Hong Kong, and their great-grandson Stanley Ho, the richest man in Macau. Shi Di's fifth child, He Gantang (He Qitang), is her son with Chinese man Guo Xingxian, a live cattle trader. After He Shiwen left Hong Kong in 1873, 28-year-old Shi Di married Guo Xingxian as his concubine. After marriage, Shi Di gave birth to two daughters for Guo Xingxian: He Ruiting and He Baijuan. 1 son: Guo Maochao (traditionally speaking, 2 daughters and 1 son do not include He Gantang). Shi Di and Guo Xingxian lived for a period of time and then left the Guo family with their two daughters born to Guo Xingxian to support themselves. However, the youngest child born to Shi Di and Guo Xingxian Guo Maochao, whose son later died in infancy, remained in the Guo family and was not taken away. Brothers

He Fu (He Qifu) has 13 children, namely Shirong, Baozi, Shiyao, Shiguang, Shiliang, Shiquan, Shizhuo, Baorong, Shiqing, Pauline, Baozhi, Baoxian, Liqiong. Stanley Ho's father is Ho Shiguang. He is also a well-known figure in the business and political circles. It is said that he has 13 children: Hong En, Wan He, Hong Zhan, Hong Wei, Wan Zhang, Wan Wen, Hong Tao, He Wanhong, Hong Shen, Ho Wan-chi, Wan Wan, Hong Rui, Wanying, and the most promising later was naturally Stanley Ho, nine of them. Ho Tung's great-nephew Stanley Ho

Ho Kam Tong (Ho Qitong), Ho Tung's half-brother, is a purebred Chinese. He Gantang's house was overflowing with wives, concubines, and descendants, but the most famous one was the Eurasian mixed-race He Aiyu, whom He Gantang adopted with his last mistress Zhang Qiongxian who was also a Eurasian mixed-race, because she gave birth to a famous child. Bruce Lee. Wives and concubines

First wife: Mai Xiuying, a Eurasian mixed race. Before: Zhang Jingrong, Ho Tung, Mak Xiuying, behind: Ho Shili and his wife

Concubine: Zhou Qiwen. Due to infertility after a few years of marriage, Ho Tung married the Chinese Zhou Qiwen as his concubine, but she had nothing to do with her after 3 years. out. Later Zhou Qiwen gave birth to a daughter.

Plain wife: Zhang Jingrong (Female name Lian Jue), Mai Xiuying acted as a matchmaker and betrothed her cousin Zhang Jingrong to Ho Tung. Zhang Jinrong Hedong gave birth to 3 boys and 7 girls (only the eldest boy Shiqin died young).

When Sir Ho Tung was 56 years old, Shang gave birth to a child out of wedlock with his nurse, Miss Zhu Jiedi, who was of mixed Eurasian descent.

Descendants

Children Ho Tung and son Ho Sai Kim

Ho Sai Wing (the eldest son of Ho Fu, because Ho Tung Yuan was married to Mai Xiuying and had nothing to do, so he was adopted)

He Shiqin

He Huizi

He Chunzi (the third daughter, born to concubine Zhou Qiwen)

He Shijian

He Xianzi

He Qizi

Ho Shili

Ho Wenzi and Ho Tung's eldest grandson (He Shijian's eldest son) Ho Hung-cheung in front of Ho Tung's portrait

He Yaozi< /p>

He Xiaozi

He Zuozhi (also known as He Shiyi, the illegitimate son of Zhu Jiedi)

Ho Tung and Zhang Jinrong’s eldest son He Shiqin died young; their second son He Shijian had 3 Sons and 2 daughters: He Hongzhang, Hongxian (died in infancy), He Hongqing, He Shujun, and He Lijun; the third son, He Shili, has one child each: He Hongyi and He Mianjun.

He Zuozhi, the illegitimate son of Ho Tung and Zhu Jiedi, had a daughter, He Ping, and a son, He Ji. Related books

Hong Kong’s Elder: Robert Ho Tung

Author: Zheng Hongtai/Huang Shaolun Hong Kong’s Elder--Ho Tung

Publisher: Hong Kong Joint Publishing Company

Year of publication: 2007

Price: HK$128.00

ISBN: 9789620426957

Ho Tung, who is of Eurasian descent, was born and raised in Hong Kong. He looks foreign, but his behavior is very Chinese. When he was a comprador, Ho Tung had to navigate between foreign bosses and Chinese society, which clearly defined Hong Kong's intermediary position in East-West trade. As for the criss-crossing political and business networks and the spread of family members around the world, they fully reflect Hong Kong's special status as a hub between the east and west, an international city that connects all parties, faces the world and relies on China.

The discussion in this book not only matches all aspects of Hong Kong's social development, but also systematically and completely depicts the development of Ho Tung and his family, thereby deepening readers' understanding of Hong Kong's business, society, history and culture. mastery and understanding. On the other hand, because this book takes entrepreneurs and whether entrepreneurial spirit can be effectively exerted as the main context, it analyzes various problems faced by Chinese family businesses in the development process, such as the advantages and disadvantages of management and the strength and weakness of operations. As well as the tightness and tightness of the organization, etc., it will obviously also be inspiring to those who are interested in studying family businesses.