Characteristics of Eiffel Tower Scenic Spot in France

The Eiffel Tower was built in 1889 and designed by the architect Eiffel.

The original intention of building the Eiffel Tower is to commemorate the 0/00th anniversary of the French Revolution/KLOC-and welcome the World Expo held in Paris. After its completion, it was controversial, and as many as 300 people from all walks of life jointly protested, including the famous writers Zola and Dumas.

Unexpectedly, the tower produced a worldwide sensation after its completion, becoming the most representative and iconic building in Paris and even France, and even becoming a symbol of Paris and even France. Before the Empire State Building 193 1 was completed, the Eiffel Tower remained the tallest building in the world for 45 years.

The whole tower is 320 meters high. This tower is divided into three floors. There are restaurants and cafes on the first and second floors, and an observation deck on the third floor. On a sunny day, you can overlook the suburbs of Paris 70 kilometers away.

Construction site: Ares Square, Paris, France

Start time:1887 65438+1October 27th.

Completion time:1889 March 1 1.

Covering area: 6,543,800 square meters.

Building height: 324.93m.

Total building quality: about 10 100 1 ton.

Building floor: 4th floor

Number of light bulbs: 20,000

Structural form: steel frame hollow structure

Construction cost: 7.457 million francs

Investor: French government.

Designer: Alexander gustave eiffel

Architectural uses: dining room, sightseeing.

English name: Eiffel Tower

French name: Eiffel Tower

Nickname: Paris Tower

brief introduction

The Eiffel Tower was built from 1887. It is divided into three floors, which are 57.6m,115.7m and 276. 1 m above the ground respectively. There are restaurants on the first and second floors, and observation deck on the third floor. From the tower foundation to the top of the tower, there is 1768.

1889 Scenery of the Eiffel Tower (20 photos) On May 5, 2006, in order to cut the ribbon for the opening ceremony of the World Expo, gustave eiffel, the designer of the tower, personally raised the French flag 300 meters above the tower. Therefore, in order to commemorate his contribution to France and Paris, a bronze bust was specially built for him under the tower.

Until June 65438+10/October 65438+June 2004, in order to bid for the 20 12 Summer Olympic Games, the Paris Municipal Government of France specially introduced its preparations for the Olympic bid on the Eiffel Tower, which became a "natural advertisement" for the country's Olympic bid.

This metal building, which was completed for the World Expo, remained the tallest building in the world for 45 years until the appearance of the Empire State Building in New York. It is connected and fixed by 2.5 million rivets.

It is said that its pressure on the ground is only as great as that of a normal adult sitting in a chair. The four sides of the tower are engraved with the names of 72 scientists, all of whom are engaged in research to protect the tower from being destroyed.

Historical background

The Eiffel Tower is one of the symbols of Paris and is loved by the French as the "Iron Lady". Together with the Empire State Building in new york and the TV Tower in Tokyo, it is called the three famous buildings in the world.

1889, the anniversary of the French Revolution 100, was celebrated by a large-scale international exposition in Paris. The most striking exhibit at the World Expo is the Eiffel Tower. It became a symbol of the industrial revolution that swept the world at that time.

The designer of the Eiffel Tower is French architect gustave eiffel. In his early years, he was a famous dry bridge expert. There are countless masterpieces in his life, all over the world, but it is this tower named after him that makes him famous all over the world. In his own words, the Eiffel Tower "drowned me, as if I had been building her all my life". At the beginning, although the French government decided to build the world's tallest tower in Paris, the funds provided were only 1/5 of the required cost. In order to realize his own design, Eiffel once mortgaged his construction engineering company and all his property to the bank as an engineering investment.

1887 65438+1On October 28th, the Eiffel Tower was officially started. 250 workers work 8 hours a day in winter and 0/3 hours a day in summer. Finally, the steel tower (block 10) was completed on March 3, 1889. The Eiffel Tower is made up of many scattered pieces-it looks like a pile of model components. However, these fragments are not plastic, but metal, and there are 18038 pieces, weighing 10000 tons. During the construction, 7 million holes were drilled and 2.5 million rivets were used. Because every part of the tower is strictly numbered in advance, there will be no mistakes in assembly. The construction was carried out completely according to the design, and there was no change in the middle, which showed that the design was reasonable and the calculation was accurate. According to statistics, there are more than 5,300 design sketches of the iron tower alone, including the full map 1700.

The completed Eiffel Tower is 300 meters high, and it will be the tallest building in the world until 1930. Today, radio and television antennas are added to the tower, and its total height has reached 320 meters. Standing on the tower, the whole Paris is at your feet. Tourists from all over the world come to visit every day. By 1988, "Iron Lady" has welcomed 654.38+23 million tourists from five continents.

1989 March 3 1, Eiffel Tower 100 years old. To this end, the Paris Tower Management Company specially held a grand commemorative event, recreating the historical scene that Eiffel led everyone to the summit a hundred years ago: "Eiffel" wore a black dress, wore a wide-brimmed hat and held the national flag, and 30 "celebrities" and "construction workers" climbed the stairs with the grand drum music. When he put the tricolor flag on the top of the tower, the 2 1 salute rang, pigeons flew around the tower, and colorful balloons floated in the blue sky. On the fence of the platform on the second floor of the tower, a colorful banner of "Celebrating the Tower 100" written in words from all over the world is hung. Countless tourists eagerly witnessed this spectacular scene.

The Eiffel Tower has experienced a hundred years of wind and rain. After the overhaul in the early 1980s, it still stands on the banks of the Seine. This is the pride of all French people.

The Eiffel Tower covers an area of one hectare and stands in the Ares Square on the Seine River in the center of Paris. Except for four legs made of reinforced concrete, the whole tower body is made of steel, and the total weight of the tower is 7000 tons. The tower is divided into three floors, the first floor is 57 meters high, the second floor is 1 15 meters, and the third floor is 274 meters. Except for the third platform, there is no gap, and all other parts are empty. There are 17 1 1 steps from the tower foundation to the top of the tower. Now the elevator is installed, which is very convenient. There are bars and restaurants on each floor for tourists to rest and enjoy the unique panoramic view of Paris: whenever the sky is clear in Wan Li, you can see the scenery as far as 70 kilometers. Mr. Eiffel, the designer of the Eiffel Tower, once said when delivering the drawings: "Only suitable paint can guarantee the life of this metal building." This sentence is very suitable for the maintenance of the iron lady. Is it also more suitable for people's emotional maintenance today: meticulous care, good beginning and good end, this is the beauty of the world.

The symbol of Paris

Eiffel Tower (also translated as "Eiffel Tower") is a famous tower in Paris, France, located in Mars Square on the south bank of the Seine River.

Eiffel

North end. 18871October 26th,1May 5th, 889, with a history of more than 100 years. Like Notre Dame, Louvre, Arc de Triomphe and Champs Elysé es, the Paris Tower is a landmark building in Paris.

If Notre Dame de Paris is a symbol of ancient Paris, then the Eiffel Tower (Eiffel Tower)

) is a symbol of modern Paris. 1889 coincides with the 0/00th anniversary of the French Revolution. The French government decided to hold an unprecedented World Expo in Paris to show the achievements of industrial technology and culture, and to build a monument symbolizing the French Revolution and Paris. The Preparatory Committee originally hoped to build a classical memorial group with statues, monuments, gardens and temples, but in more than 700 applications, it chose the design of gustave eiffel, a bridge engineer: a giant tower symbolizing machine civilization, which can be seen in any corner of Paris.

Romantic Parisians gave this tower a beautiful name-"Shepherd in the Cloud". Named after the designer and famous French architectural engineer Eiffel, a bust bronze statue of Eiffel was made under the tower.

The miracle of Eiffel Tower

Generally speaking, buildings are upgraded on the basis of previous works. For example, if you want to build a building with 10 floors, you'd better study the eighth and ninth floors first. For Eiffel, it is not so lucky. No building can reach the height of this tower before.

In order to complete the construction of the tower, Eiffel designed many creative technologies:

●

Unlike other large-scale construction projects at that time, Eiffel made all the components in his workshop in advance. In other words, when these components are sent to the construction site, they can be installed quickly.

●

Rivet holes are made in advance with a tolerance of one tenth of a millimeter, so that 20 riveting teams can assemble 1650 rivets every day.

●

Each part of the tower does not exceed 3 tons, which makes small cranes widely used.

Three watchtowers

The French say that the Eiffel Tower is the "watchtower of the capital", which is true. It has three observation platforms: upper, middle and lower, which can accommodate tens of thousands of people at the same time. The three observation platforms have different horizons and bring different interests. For a century, about 3 million people have climbed to the top of the tower every year to overlook the city of Paris.

The top observation deck is 274 meters from the ground. If you go up the steps of 1652, it will take almost an hour. Of course, you can also climb by elevator. This is the best place to see from a distance. It will make people feel that the noisy Paris suddenly quieted down and turned into a huge map, with countless lines of different widths drawn from all the streets. The whole Paris is at your feet. When you have a clear vision during the day, you can expect to be 60 kilometers away.

The middle observation deck is 1 15m from the ground. Some people say that you can see the best scenery from this floor. Indeed, the pale yellow Arc de Triomphe Tower, the Louvre in the shade and the white Sacred Heart Church in Montmartre are all clearly visible and colorful. When you climb the tower in the evening, you will see the night is picturesque, the lights are like brocade and the trees are shaded. Those street lamps interwoven into a net are really like beads after rain, with crystal particles. There is also a well-decorated panoramic restaurant on this floor, which is full of customers all year round. Seats must be reserved in advance.

The observation deck on the ground floor is the largest and quite spacious, with various service facilities such as conference hall, movie hall, restaurant, shop and post office. In the shuttle crowd, it seems to be in a downtown area, forgetting that it is 57 meters high after all. It is ideal to watch close-ups from here. Charlotte Palace in the north and its splashing fountains, the Seine River flowing quietly at the foot of the tower, the Aristink lawn in the south and the ancient buildings of the French military academy constitute an unforgettable landscape.

Amazing feat

1. 189 1 year, a baker in Paris walked 636 steps on stilts and climbed to the first floor of the tower.

2. 19 1 1 year, a French tailor named Monsier Rayfield flew down from his daughter's wall at the top of the tower. He wore a cloak in the shape of a bat's wing designed by himself, and it had springs on it. Unfortunately, his self-made "Cape Expedition" lost control during the flight, and he flew to death hell in front of a large audience. He hit the ground with great force and opened a big hole 30 cm deep. Later, the doctor examined his body. The doctor said that Rayfield might have died of a heart attack before landing.

3. 1923 In June, a French writer named Pierre Labric rode his bicycle from the top of the second floor to the ground along the tower.

4.1926165438+1October, in order to leave a good impression on his brother who lives nearby, a Frenchman named Leon Kolo tried to fly through the gap between the two towers. He almost succeeded, but at the last minute, he was blinded by the sun. So he had to turn left and hit a radio antenna. The plane caught fire immediately and Leon was killed.

In World War II, just before the Allies were about to recapture Paris from the Germans, an American pilot made the same flying feat as Lyon, and this time he succeeded.

As part of the celebration of the tower's 75th birthday, a mountaineering team climbed the tower-they didn't use any ladders!

7. 1968 A cow was hoisted to the top of the tower to encourage people to buy more dairy products such as milk, butter and cheese.

8. Every year, this tower has to complete its own feat-rising automatically. Because in hot summer, due to thermal expansion, the tower will automatically rise by about17 cm-but when the weather gets cold, the tower will automatically shrink to the normal level.

tourist handbook

Tickets:

Use the elevator to reach the first floor of the iron tower. Adults and/kloc-children over 2 years old are 4.3 euros/person, and/kloc-children under 2 years old and over 3 years old are 2.4 euros/person.

Use the elevator to reach the second floor of the iron tower. Adults and1children over 2 years old are 7.7 euros per person, and1children under 2 years old and over 3 years old are 4.2 euros per person.

Use the elevator to reach the top floor of the tower,/kloc-adults and children over 0/2 years old,1/euro/person,/kloc-children over 0/2 years old and 3 years old, 6 euros/person.

Use the stairs to reach the first and second floors of the tower. 3.8 euros per person for adults over 25 years old and 3.0 euros per person for adults under 25 years old.

All tickets are free for children under 3 years old.

Opening hours:

09: 30-23: 00 (1 October1June 15, September 3rd to1February 3rd1); 09: 00-24: 00 (June 16 to September 2).

Arrival mode:

Take buses 42, 69, 72, 82 and 87 to get there.

Diet:

There are restaurants on the first and second floors of the tower, which are 95 meters above sea level (the tower is 95 meters above the ground) and LE JULES.

Verne (tower height125m) provides catering services for tourists. In addition, there are snack bars and ice cream shops at the entrance of the tower.

Shopping:

There are souvenir shops at the entrance of the tower and on the first and second floors of the tower.

Souvenir:

It is suggested to buy a small metal model and put it on the tower. Although this model is very expensive, the small iron model is about 5- 10 Euro, but the workmanship is exquisite. In the hands of black people, one euro can buy six or seven, but it is very rough, beware of thieves. But it is recommended to buy commemorative pens, notebooks, erasers and photo frames on the tower. It's hard to buy anywhere except the tower.

There is another wonderful thing about the Eiffel Tower: the tower inclines to the west 100mm in the morning, inclines to the north by 70mm at noon and is vertical to the ground at night. Please guess: what is the reason?

Ticket time

Tickets: Take the elevator and climb the stairs. Line up to buy tickets separately, and be careful not to make mistakes.

Elevator: 7.3 euros for adults on the first floor, 7.5 euros for adults on the second floor, 2.3 euros for children under 0/2 years old on the top floor 10.7 euros, 4 euros1euro on the second floor and 5.9 euros on the top floor; Children under 3 years old are free.

Stairs: 3.8 euros for those over 25 and 3 euros for those under 25; Children under 3 years old are free.

Opening hours: 09: 30-23: 00 (65438+1 October1June1May, September 3-June 65438+February 3 1).

traffic

Subway: BirHakeim Station of Metro Line 6, RER C Champ de.

Mars station.

RERC Line: Take RERC Line to Sundemas Station.

Bus: Take bus No.42, 69, 72, 82 and 87.