Is Zhangjiajie beautiful?

Zhangjiajie, formerly known as Dayong, is the seat of Guyong Kingdom. As early as the late primitive society, ancestors began to thrive on both sides of the Lishui River. In the Yao-Shun era, "Shunfang Huandou in Chongshan, in order to become na man", so there was a saying of "na man" in the history of China. In 221 BC, Qin Shihuang set up a county, and Zhangjiajie belonged to Cigu County, a county in central Guizhou, and the county was ruled in Guantaping, Cili County (now Taiping Village, Jiangjiaping Township). In the sixth year of Emperor Wu Jingdi's Yong 'an in the Three Kingdoms (AD 264), Songliang County was named Tianmen Mountain, and Tianmen County was set up. It belonged to Zhuozhong County and Linli County in Tianmen County until the Southern and Northern Dynasties. Dayong County was established in the Ming Dynasty in 1369, and Yongding County was established in the 13th year of Yongzheng in the Qing Dynasty (AD 1735).

From p>1949 to 1988, Cili County belonged to Changde District. By the end of 1988, Dayong and Sangzhi were under the jurisdiction of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in western Hunan. In May 1988, with the approval of the State Council, Dayong City, a provincial-level city, was established. In April 1994, the prefecture-level Dayong City was renamed Zhangjiajie City. Zhangjiajie City is named after Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, which is famous at home and abroad.

Zhangjiajie city is located in the northwest of Hunan province, at the junction of Guizhou Plateau uplift and Dongting Lake subsidence area, between 19 degrees 4 minutes east longitude and 111 degrees 2 minutes north latitude, with Shimen and Taoyuan counties in the east, Yuanling county in the south and Hefeng and Xuanen counties in Hubei province in the north. The city boundary is 167 kilometers long from east to west and 96 kilometers wide from north to south. The city's total area is 9653 square kilometers, accounting for 4.5% of the province's area.

landform

The landform structure of Zhangjiajie City is complex, mainly including mountains, karst, hills, hills and plains, etc. The mountainous area accounts for 76% of the total area, among which the most distinctive is the sandstone peak forest landform in Shi Ying, which is rare in the world. The city is high in the northwest and inclines to the southeast along the Lishui River. Wuling Mountain is a branch of Yunwu Mountain in Guizhou. After entering Zhangjiajie City, it is divided into three mountain systems that run through the whole city. The mountains in Zhangjiajie City overlap and the surface fluctuates greatly, with the highest point at 189.4m and the lowest point at 75m.

the landscape of the city is dominated by mountains, with high terrain in the northwest and inclined along the Lishui River. The middle part of the city is slowly low in the northeast along the banks of the Lishui River, and the southern mountains gradually descend to Yuanshui. Wuling Mountain Range branches from Yunwu Mountain in Guizhou into Zhangjiajie City, and it is divided into three branches. The northern branch is under the jurisdiction of Lishan, Guiying Mountain and Qinglong Mountain in Sangzhi County from Laifeng Longshan in Hubei Province. There are Tianxing Mountain, Hongxi Mountain, Chaotian Mountain, Qingyan Mountain and Maohuajie in the middle branch along the north of Lishui. The south branch is located between Lishui and Yuanshui, with Qixing Mountain, Chongshan Mountain and Tianmen Mountain, extending into Dalongshan and Tianhe Mountain in Cili County. All three branches went east to the alluvial plain of Dongting Lake and disappeared.

Zhangjiajie is famous for its unique tourism resources. Wulingyuan Scenic Area, consisting of Zhangjiajie, the first national forest park in China, and two nature reserves, Tianzi Mountain and Suoxiyu, covers an area of 369 square kilometers. In this area, the landform of Shi Ying sandstone peak forest valley, which is rare in the world, is the main body, which integrates the beauty of Guilin, the wonder of Huangshan Mountain, the danger of Huashan Mountain and the glory of Mount Tai, and integrates the hidden roads, bridges, caves, lakes and waterfalls, with "expanded bonsai and reduced fairy mountain".

Zhangjiajie is a treasure house of biological resources, with 85 species of woody plants belonging to 16 families and 32 genera and 146 species of vertebrates. Among them, there are 56 national protected plants and 4 national protected animals. Rare tree species include ginkgo, Davidia involucrata, yew, cherry blossoms, etc. Precious medicinal materials include Ganoderma lucidum, Gastrodia elata, Polygonum Multiflori Radix, Eucommiae Cortex, etc. Rare animals include giant salamander, unicorn, Sumen antelope, South China tiger, clouded leopard, macaque, civet and so on.

Zhangjiajie is located in the north mid-latitude, and belongs to the prototype monsoon humid climate of the mid-subtropical mountains, with abundant light and heat, abundant rainfall, long frost-free period, short severe cold period and distinct four seasons. The average sunshine, temperature and precipitation over the years are about 144 hours, 16 degrees and 14 millimeters respectively, and the average frost-free period over the years is between 216 days and 269 days. Such a climate is conducive to the all-round development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline production and fishery. However, influenced by topography, landforms and other factors, the climate in China is complex and changeable, and natural disasters such as droughts, floods, strong winds and hail are also frequent.

Tujia Year

Tujia people spend three years each year, with the 29th (or 28th) of the twelfth lunar month "catching up with the new year", the 25th of June of the lunar calendar "June Year" and the first day of October "October Year".

On the night of "Celebrating the New Year", a bonfire was lit in the hollow field of the village, and the Tujia people danced around the bonfire and sang tune-up songs. "June Year" is an important migration in the history of Tujia people. The day when the migration was completed was June 25th of the lunar calendar. On this day, Tujia people sacrificed cattle to worship the gods, and gradually formed the custom of "June Year". The "October Year" was held by the Tujia people to welcome the first harvest season in their new homeland after their migration. On the first day of October, the Tujia people organized celebrations to celebrate the "October Year" with each other.

Bai Torch Festival

The torch festival held by Bai people in Zhangjiajie city is related to eliminating pests and protecting crops. Every year on the night of June 25th of the lunar calendar, every family lights torches. After the torches in the whole village are gathered, people cross the fire back and forth to pray for Vulcan to dispel evil spirits and avoid disasters.

In addition, there are distinctive festivals in Zhangjiajie:

On the second day of February, the birthday of the land god was held as a land meeting.

On February 15th, it was the big flower period, and young girls had their ears pierced. Men and women are more married than at this time.

On March 3rd, eating wormwood Baba is called "Wormwood Festival".

It's called "clearing the door" to insert willow leaves in the door on Qingming Day, which is a sign of auspicious family in one year. Colored banners made of silk, cotton and five-color paper are hung on the top of ancestral graves, and relatives offer sacrifices to sweep the graves for the dead, which is called "inserting green" or "hanging green", meaning to miss their loved ones.

"Buddha Bathing Festival" on the eighth day of April. On this day, farmers have a day off, which is an ancient labor day in the countryside.

On the Dragon Boat Festival, images of Zhang Zhenren will be printed and sent to temples nearby, and will be hung in the hall on festivals. Children will be painted with realgar to avoid "evil poison". On that day, they ate palm seeds and drank calamus, and Artemisia argyi hung on the lintel. Yongding and Cili Jiuxi are fond of dragon boat races in Lishui. The Dragon Boat Festival is divided into different sizes. The fifth day of May is a small dragon boat festival, and the fifteenth day is a big dragon boat festival.

On the sixth day of June, Tujia people dried their clothes, which is called "Tan Hou Sun Pi". It is said that this day was the anniversary of the martyrdom of King Tan Hou, the leader of Tujia people in the early Ming Dynasty, and it was a major national festival of Tujia people.

On the seventh day of the seventh month, women tied colored silks and weaved on the moon, and old melons and fruits were sacrificed to the cowherd and weaver girl.

On the Mid-Autumn Festival, Tujia people are not interested in enjoying the moon, but eating moon cakes is a custom of Tujia people. Tujia people's Mid-Autumn Festival is unique. They wear bright moonlight and go to the melon garden to steal melons and give them to childless couples.

November 19th is the birthday of the Sun God, and all families burn incense in the morning, which is extremely respectful.

Zhangjiajie has a special reminder:

Don't climb the mountain in rainy days. One road is slippery, and the other is that there will be heavy fog on the top of the mountain, and you can't see anything. It is best to go to the top of the mountain within 1 or 2 hours after the rain. Don't climb the mountain when the weather is hot, for one thing, your physical strength is too high, and for another, there is no shade on the top of several mountains, so people will get dizzy from the sun. Zhangjiajie Scenic Area takes Spring Festival, Labor Day, Summer Vacation and National Day as the tourist peak season every year.

Zhangjiajie cuisine:

Hunan flavor is very local, and snacks are more famous for their spicy and sour taste. Stinky tofu, spring rolls, dragon fat pig's blood, braised pig's trotters, spicy chicken, beef tripe with hair, Tujia bacon, Shi Wa, Yan 'er roast chicken, Dong's pickled fish, Zhijiang duck, Hongjiang duck's blood cake, Linwu duck and Xianghuang chicken are all unique.

In addition, Tujia preserved vegetables include preserved pork, preserved mutton, preserved beef, preserved dog meat, preserved pig's trotters, preserved pork intestines, preserved blood tofu, etc. The series of hot and sour vegetables include sour wild sauce, sour vegetables, sour pork, sour fish, hot and sour corn paste, etc. Tujia's home-cooked series includes mixed dregs, pumpkin soup, rice tofu, steamed pork with rice flour, braised pork, stewed chicken with rock ears, boiled tofu with loach, fish chili pepper and so on. Pickled vegetables include pickled meat, pickled fish, pickled peppers, pickled radishes, pickled corn flour, pickled ginger, etc. Wild vegetables include rice, wild Ge Fen, fern, ginger and so on.

The catering in Zhangjiajie Scenic Area is relatively expensive, with at least one meat dish from 3 yuan and one game from 8 yuan or more, and each vegetable from 15 yuan. The catering in the suburbs of Zhangjiajie is not so expensive. In the evening, tourists can see food stalls everywhere in the street, and Tujia hot pot is good. However, there are many stalls in the scenic spot, where you can buy cheap Tujia snacks, and spicy sauce is a Tujia flavor that you can't taste.

Compared with the metropolis, although the commerce in Zhangjiajie is still underdeveloped, there are many local products here, especially kiwi fruit, green rock tea, lobster scented tea and pine mushroom, which are famous, original and cheap. Sangzhi salt dried bean curd is a tribute of the Qing Dynasty, and "Gegenbao" is a pure natural green series of drinks, which integrates health care and longevity. Mao Ping Maojian tea is fragrant, mellow and delicious, and it moistens the lungs and refreshes the mind after drinking. It is a good specialty; In addition, you can also buy some Tujia-style "spicy girl spicy wax" series food to take home.

Zhangjiajie Railway Station was put into operation in 1983. On July 1, 1992, the foundation stone was laid for the new station building, and it was completed and put into use on December 26, 1993. The new station building covers an area of 8, square meters, with a building area of 9,527 square meters. It has 1,114 seats for passengers to wait and rest, and is equipped with a soft-seat waiting room, a VIP waiting room, an air-conditioned waiting room and a mother-child waiting room. Zhangjiajie Railway Station has opened direct trains to Beijing, Guangzhou, Changsha, Wuxi, Zhanjiang, Xiangfan and other large and medium-sized cities, and is connected with Beijing-Guangzhou Railway through Shijiazhuang-Changzhou Railway. Every year, during the tourist season, special tourist trains will be opened directly to Zhangjiajie.

air transportation

Zhangjiajie Lotus Airport is located in Lotus Village, Guanliping Office, yongding county, Zhangjiajie City, 5 kilometers away from the urban area. The airport was a large and medium-sized construction project in Hunan Province during the Eighth Five-Year Plan period. In September 1985, it was approved by the State Council and the Central Military Commission. Construction started in November 1991 and it was officially opened to traffic in August 1994. Zhangjiajie Lotus Airport has opened routes and flights to Changsha, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Nanjing, Beijing, Yichang, Jinan, Hangzhou, Changzhou, Dalian, Chongqing, Wuhan, Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Fuzhou, Shantou, Zhuhai, Xiamen, Hong Kong and Guiyang. The special flight performance of "Crossing Tianmen" held in September 1999 made Zhangjiajie Lotus Airport famous at home and abroad.

With the continuous development of tourism, the road transport industry in Zhangjiajie has also developed. At present, the city has basically formed a transportation network with the city as the center and the station as the hub, connecting urban and rural areas and radiating 17 districts and counties in 5 provinces and cities. This year, the expressway from Zhangjiajie to Changde has started construction. The completion of this expressway will make it faster and more convenient to travel to Zhangjiajie.

Zhangjiajie Railway Station has opened passenger trains with more than 1 large and medium-sized cities in China. Zhangjiajie Railway Station can directly reach Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities; The trains from Zhangjiajie to Guangzhou, Changsha and Zhanjiang are all starting stations, so it is convenient to ride. It's best to take K552 train from Changsha to Zhangjiajie, which leaves at 8:18 every morning and arrives at 13:19 in the afternoon. The fare is 7 yuan. Another K824 train leaves Guangzhou at 22:6, arrives in Changsha at 6:6 the next day and arrives in Zhangjiajie at 1:55. Visitors who arrive in Changsha by train before 8: am can transfer directly to K552 train to Zhangjiajie without leaving the train station, and then make up their tickets. K52 train from Guangzhou to Zhangjiajie and K525 train from Changsha to Zhangjiajie all bypass Huaihua, which is time-consuming and costly.

Zhangjiajie Railway Station is 33 kilometers away from Zhangjiajie, and it is more than 3 kilometers away from "Water Around Four Gates". There are frequent trips between China and Pakistan every day (the fare is 1 yuan/person), which can be reached in one hour.

Zhangjiajie's ability to accept tourists is constantly improving. There are more than 7 hotels and restaurants in the city, with a total of more than 3, beds. Among them, there are over 3 foreign-related hotels and over 2 star-rated hotels. The daily reception capacity can reach more than 3, people. High, medium and low-grade complete sets can meet the needs of different levels.

Among them, Zhangjiajie Xianglong International Hotel and Zhangjiajie International Hotel are famous four-star foreign-related hotels with luxurious facilities, elegant environment, thoughtful service and high-grade enjoyment. Pipaxi Hotel is a beautiful three-star hotel with advanced facilities and comfortable rooms, but the price is also very expensive. There are also some humble one-star hotels, where most of them are clean and hygienic, with warm service and reasonable prices.

There are many traditional ethnic entertainment activities here, such as waving dance, cockfighting, singing folk songs, dragon dance on the bench, Sanbanggu, Jiuzi whip and so on.

Hand-waving dance is a traditional large-scale dance loved by Tujia people, with strong sacrificial color; Tujia folk songs have a long history, primitive and rough style, and the lyrics express the folk customs of Tujia nationality; Dragon dance on the bench is a folk sports art in China. Bai compatriots play with bench dragons, which is said to have originated in the Han Dynasty and evolved from the religious activities of Bai ancestors "dancing dragons for rain". Three-stick drums are colorful and dazzling, and they can't help but be said to be unique; Jiuzi Whip is popular among Han, Bai and Tujia people, especially the Bai people. They place their happiness and auspiciousness on the gods. In order to please the gods, the performers hold the whip and dance with the suona.

As a famous emerging tourist city, the modern emerging entertainment facilities in Zhangjiajie have also developed rapidly in recent years. Kangle ball, tennis, bowling and golf can also be seen everywhere.

"Forest City"

Spring (March/May) temperature: 5.8℃, 11.4℃, 16.1℃ Spring is enchanting, like laughing, watering flowers and going for an outing

Summer (May/August) temperature: 19.7℃, 23.3℃, 22.2℃ Summer. 8.7℃ autumn is as clear as washing-enjoying fruit and climbing high

winter (December/February) temperature: 3.4℃, .7℃ and 1.3℃ winter is as clean as sleeping-enjoying snow, and Xun Mei

has long been heard of Zhangjiajie, Tianzi Mountain, Suoxiyu and Yang Jiajie in Hunan Province, and its beautiful reputation has long been famous at home and abroad. Now, another scenic spot-Yuanjiajie, which is also located in Wulingyuan, is presented to the world. Recently, I was fortunate enough to witness this fairyland on earth with its beautiful peaks and dangerous cliffs.

Yuan Jiajie is located between Zhangjiajie and Tianzi Mountain, with an altitude of more than 1, meters. Surrounded by steep walls and hanging rocks, it stands in the Wuling Mountain area, just like a flat plateau, which is spectacular. However, it only took me two minutes to get from the foot of the mountain to Yuanjiajie! Don't mistake me for a Scud, but I actually took the Bailong sightseeing ladder. When it comes to Bailong ladder, it can be said that it is a perfect combination of natural landscape and man-made miracle.

Bailong ladder is located in the Shuihuan Simen Scenic Area in Zhangjiajie, a world natural heritage. With the three laurels of "the world's highest fully exposed outdoor elevator", "the world's highest double-deck sightseeing elevator" and "the world's largest and fastest passenger elevator", it is unique in the world. The Bailong ladder is magnificent, with a vertical height difference of 335 meters and a running height of 326 meters. Its main body consists of a 154-meter mountain shaft and a 172-meter steel structure attached to the mountain. Three double-deck fully exposed sightseeing elevators are used to run side by side and separately, successfully connecting Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Jin Bianxi, Shuirao No.4 Gate, Yuanjiajie Tianxia No.1 Bridge, WulongZhai and Tianzi Mountain, etc., and it has become an important tourist transportation facility in the scenic area, greatly shortening the original climbing road for more than four hours. People move with the ladder, and the ladder walks with the mountain, and the vision is more and more open. The blue sky and white clouds, the strange peaks and the fairy fog are full of passion. In less than two minutes, the beautiful scenery of Yuan Jiajie was presented.

about 8 meters eastbound, there is a path winding south to Wuyan top platform. Looking around on the platform, you can have a panoramic view of thousands of scenes. Past rock peaks and stone pillars