Basin water resources allocation

Wang Hao et al. divided the current research on rational allocation of water resources into two categories: broad and narrow, and then systematically reviewed the research progress on rational allocation of water resources in narrow river basins from three aspects: internal mechanism, practical process and evaluation [4 ]. The article points out that at present, my country's water resources allocation model is still mainly based on administrative directive allocation. Market allocation and user participation allocation have appeared in some areas. In addition, there are also some small-scale informal market water transactions.

The water rights transaction between Dongyang and Yiwu has undoubtedly opened a new chapter in the allocation of water resources in China's river basins. On November 24, 2000, Dongyang City and Yiwu City in Jinhua Region, Zhejiang Province signed an agreement to transfer part of the water rights of Hengjin Reservoir for a fee. Yiwu City purchased Dongyang City’s 50 million m3 water rights with 200 million yuan of water conservancy construction funds [8] . Hengjin Reservoir is located on the Dongyang River, a tributary of the Jinhua River. It has a total storage capacity of 280 million m3 and a designed normal storage capacity of 173.2 million m3. It was completed in 1964. However, the spillway inlet control facilities have not been installed and can only store 142.7 million m3 of water, which has not reached the designed normal water storage level and has great potential for waste water utilization. The Hengjin Reservoir Irrigation District was built in the 1960s, with a designed irrigation area of ??9667hm2. The water utilization coefficient of the main canal is only 0.5, which means there is great potential for water saving. The total water savings between the two is 53 million m3. Dongyang City made the historical decision to transfer 50 million m3 of water rights through subsequent scientific demonstrations and technical and economic comparisons of strategic water source guarantees. The asking price was 220 million yuan, and the transaction was completed for 200 million yuan.

Yiwu City had a permanent population of nearly 350,000 by 2000, and is developing into a large city with a population of more than 500,000. According to the forecast of urban water demand, Yiwu City must add new water sources within the year. Various plans have been put forward for this purpose. After scientific demonstration and technical and economic comparison of short-term plans and long-term plans, Yiwu City has made a decision to transfer 200 million yuan of water conservancy construction funds. Decision-making on the 50 million m3 water rights of Hengjin Reservoir in Dongyang City. Through the transfer of water rights, Dongyang City has turned free water abandonment and agricultural water conservation into paid income, obtained 200 million yuan in funds for water conservancy construction, and obtained annual water supply revenue of 5 million yuan (the Dongyang-Yiwu Water Rights Transfer Agreement stipulates: Yiwu The city is responsible for paying the water supplier a comprehensive management fee of 0.1 yuan/m3 for the actual water supply that year), and obtains electricity sales income from the annual increase in power generation. Obtaining 50 million m3 water rights savings requires only 38 million yuan of property rights increment (investment in Hengjin Reservoir Irrigation Area channel reconstruction and spillway reconstruction projects), which improves the property rights benefits of the irrigation area and reservoir area.

Wang Hao and others believe that in the future, the research focus on water resources allocation in my country will mainly focus on the "natural-artificial" dual cognitive model that is consistent with the water cycle process in modern river basins, and the rational allocation model of water resources based on the water cycle. , research on water resource allocation guidelines with a unified basis and the establishment of water resource allocation rationality evaluation standards and systems [4]. The author believes that in order to implement the three principles of rational allocation of water resources, we must strengthen research on the renewable capacity of water resources (see Chapter 8).

In response to the severe contradiction between water supply and demand caused by the long drought in 2004, Guangdong Province held its first basin water resources allocation meeting, aiming to "strengthen the conservation, protection and allocation of water resources in the Dongjiang River Basin". All cities in the Dongjiang River Basin have implemented unified dispatch of water use, and the water use indicators of each city have been reduced by 10% based on the current water use scale. At this point, Guangdong Province's water resources basin management has taken substantial steps

"Nanfang Daily" (2004-11- 20). . The Hanjiang River is the second largest mainstream in Guangdong after the Pearl River. It supplies production and living water to 20 million people including Meizhou, Shantou, Chaozhou and Jieyang. However, due to its small basin area, the lack of large-scale regulation and storage reservoirs in the upper reaches, excessive human activities that frequently affect the river course and hydrological conditions, serious pollution in the middle and lower reaches, severe water shortages in the entire basin, and numerous ship blocking incidents in the river course. Therefore, it has become very urgent to speed up the unified management of water resources in the Han River Basin and achieve rational allocation of water resources.