How did Liu Bang become emperor?

Liu bang was born in a peasant family, and he was open-minded and did not care about production. Qin was then the curator of the Surabaya Pavilion in Pei County, and died in Mangdang Mountain for releasing criminals.

Shortly after the Chen Sheng Uprising, Liu Bang rallied 3,000 children to respond to the Uprising, captured Peixian and other places, called Pei Gong, and soon defected to Xiang Liang, where he served as the prefect of the Party and County, sealed the Hou of Wu 'an, and commanded the military forces of the Party and County. In 206 BC 10, Liu Bangjun entered Pakistan, and Zi Ying, king of Qin, surrendered to Liu Bang. The Qin Dynasty perished. Liu bang abolished Qin's harsh laws and made three chapters with Guanzhong elders.

After the Hongmen banquet, it was named Hanwang, ruling Bashu and Hanzhong areas. In the early period of Chu-Han War, there were many defeats and wars. However, he knew people well, paid attention to training, gave full play to the talents of his subordinates, paid attention to uniting forces against Xiang Yu, and finally turned defeat into victory. After defeating Xiang Yu, he unified the whole country. On February 28, 202 BC, Liu Bang ascended the throne in the flood sun, making Chang 'an his capital, which was called the Western Han Dynasty in history.

Liu Bang's Life Experience:

1, early experience

In the fifty-ninth year of Zhou Nanwang (256 BC), on November 24th (65438+ February 28th), Liu Bang was born in Peifengyi (now Fengxian County, Xuzhou), Li Zhongyang, and was born on the same day as Lu Wan. The two families are very close. I made friends with Luwan when I was young. ?

He has a high forehead, beautiful sideburns and beard, and 72 moles on his left thigh. Generous and kind, cheerful personality, usually informal.

Later, Liu Bang became the director of the pavilion in Surabaya, Pei County (the director of the pavilion is a small official within ten miles). After a long time, I became familiar with the officials in Pei county and became famous in the local area. ?

Liu Bangxin is big. On the way to Xianyang, an active soldier met a large group of Qin Shihuang who were patrolling. Looking from a distance, Qin Shihuang was sitting in a beautifully decorated car and blurted out with envy: "A gentleman should be like this!" "

2. Pei county started to fight.

In 209 BC, a peasant uprising broke out at the end of Qin Dynasty. After Chen Sheng and Guangwu led the rebels to capture Zhou Chen, Chen Sheng established the "Zhang Chu" regime and openly opposed the Qin Dynasty.

At this time, Pei county magistrate also wanted to respond to the uprising. Xiao He was an official in Pei County at that time, and they suggested that the magistrate call back the people who were exiled in the county, so as to increase their strength and prevent future troubles. ?

The magistrate felt right, so he asked Fan Kuai to invite Liu Bang, there were hundreds of people at that time. However, at this time, Pei Ling regretted it, fearing that Liu Bang's return would be out of control and he might kill him, which was tantamount to inviting wolves into the room. So, he ordered to close the gate, ready to catch Xiao He and Cao Can.

When they heard the news, they quickly fled outside the city. Hearing this, Liu Bang wrote a letter into the city, encouraging the people in the city to get up and kill the renegade county magistrate, so that everyone could defend their hometown together. ?

The people are very dissatisfied with the county magistrate who usually doesn't care about them. After killing the county magistrate, they opened the city gate to meet Liu Bang. Xiao He and Cao Can are both literati, worried about their own lives, afraid that they can't bring a case. When they were wiped out by the Qin Dynasty, they strongly recommended Liu Bang. Everyone elected him Pei Gong to lead the uprising. Liu Bang listened to public opinion, set up an altar and set up a red flag, calling himself Chi Di, and soon the uprising army expanded to 3,000 people. ?

At this time, it was already 209 BC 10, and Liu Bang was 48 years old. There was another powerful force in the peasant war at the end of Qin Dynasty, namely Xiang Liang and Xiang Yu, descendants of the original Chu nobles. They started their troops in Wuzhong (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), and their strength soon reached nearly 10,000.

3, also decided to Sanqin

After the Hongmen banquet, Xiang Yu led the troops westward, Ji Xiang entered Xianyang, set fire to Epang Palace, and killed Zi Ying, the king of Qin. He also made generals from all walks of life king and Liu Bang named Hanwang. His territory is 41 counties in Ba, Shu and Hanzhong, with its capital in Nanzheng (now Nanzheng, Shaanxi). And named Zhang Han, Sima Xin and Dong Kun as King Yong, King Sai and King Zhai, and led the Guanzhong area to contain Liu Bang. ?

At the same time, Liu Bang's army was reduced to 30,000. Xiang Yu claimed to be the overlord of the place of Chu, holding the supreme commander of the army. Chu Huaiwang Xiong Xin was honored as a righteous emperor. Later, Xiang Yu moved Yidi to Chen County and was killed. ?

Xiang Yu's enfeoffment, on the surface, was a reward for his achievements. In fact, it was a reorganization of the former vassal forces and a reward for those who obeyed him, without taking into account the strength and influence of the former vassal in his own country. So the source of chaos was buried from the beginning. Moreover, he refused the advice of Wang Guanzhong, a counselor, and went home wearing clothes.

In February of the first year of the Han Dynasty, the governors went on strike and returned to their countries. Liu bang had to submit to humiliation and accept the title. In April, he led the troops into Hanzhong and burned the plank road (the road paved with boards on the cliff) to show that he had no intention of going eastward again, so as to paralyze Ji Xiang. In May and June of the same year, Tian Rong, a descendant of Qi nobles, was dissatisfied with the enfeoffment, drove away the King of Qi, killed the King of Jiaodong and became the King of Qi. ?

165438+ In October, Liu Bang took the opportunity to send troops eastward, worshipped Han Xin as a general, built a plank road, secretly crossed Chencang (now east of Baoji City, Shaanxi Province), returned to Guanzhong, quickly defeated Zhang Han, forced down Sima Xin and Dong Kun, and tricked Ji Xiang into believing that he was satisfied after he obtained Guanzhong, and never went eastward again.

Ji Xiang safely attacked Tian Rong, instead of strengthening its defense against the West. Finally got stuck in the mire and couldn't get out. This gave Liu Bang an excellent opportunity.

4. Chu-Han dispute

After the alliance between Chu and Han, Liu Bangben wanted to withdraw. Under the reminder of Sean and Chen Ping, he ordered the full pursuit of ChuJun. In 203 BC, 165438+ October, the two armies fought in Guling (now northwest of Huaiyang), and Xiang Yu won a small victory. In 202 BC, 65438+ 10, Liu Bang defeated Han Xin, Peng Yue and Qing Bu. With the reward, the Chu army was hit hard in the next World War I.

In 202 BC, in 65,438+10, Liu Bang, Han Xin, Liu Jia, Peng Yue, Ying Bu and other 700,000-strong Han troops fought a decisive battle with 6,543.8+million exhausted Chu troops in Gaixia (now south of Lingbi County, Anhui Province). Han Xin led the army in the middle of the Han army, with General Kong as the left wing and Michael Chen as the right wing. Liu Bang led his troops to follow up, with General Zhou Bo as the rear guard. ?

Han Xin invaded the army and used the tactics of luring the enemy in depth. When the former army was defeated by fraud, the letter led the troops back and ordered the left and right armies to outflank and attack the troops behind the Chu army. After a long period of fighting fatigue, the Chu army met with unfavorable conditions. The Han army split the Chu army and Xiang Yu's former knight in two, and Han Xin again commanded the whole army to fight back. The Chu army suffered a crushing defeat, killing more than 40,000 people, taking 20,000 prisoners and dispersing 20,000 people, leaving less than 20,000 wounded soldiers with Xiang Yu. ?

After that, the Chu army retreated into the barrier and stood still, surrounded by the Han army. Chu army soldiers are exhausted. Han Xin ordered the officers and men of the Han army to sing Chu songs at night. The song said: "All the people belong to Chu, and the world belongs to Liu; Han Xin is going to be the overlord! " . ?

Leading to the soldiers of the Chu army to continue fighting and the morale collapsed. Xiang Yu led only 800 people to break through Wujiang River (now county in Anhui Province). At this time, there were only 28 riders left around Xiang Yu. Yi Ting was often willing to take Xiang Yu to Jiangdong to revive his hegemony, but Xiang Yu refused. Xiang Yu rode the 28 th Army of the Han Army and was finally wiped out. Xiang Yu did not want to be captured and humiliated, and died in Wujiang.

Liu Bang then returned to Dingtao, rushed into Han Xin's army, seized his relieving, and later renamed Han Xin as the King of Chu, and went to Pi (now the east of Pizhou, Jiangsu).

Step 5 rule the world

In February 202 BC, Liu Bang fulfilled his previous promise and named Han Xin King of Chu and Peng Yue King of Liang. Han Xin, Yuan Zangcha, Zhang Ao and Changsha Wang wrote to Liu Bang, asking him to become emperor.

Liu bang began to pretend to refuse. Han Xin and others said, "Although your majesty was born in poverty, he can lead the people to wipe out the violent Qin Dynasty, punish evil and promote good, and stabilize the world. He has contributed more than all kings, and you are expected to be declared emperor. " Liu Bang said: "Since you all think that it is beneficial to the people of the world, then do as you say." ?

On February 28th, 202 BC (according to October in the early Western Han Dynasty as the beginning of the year, and after October in the same year), Liu Bang held an accession ceremony in Sishuiyang, Dingtao, Shandong Province (now the north of Shandong Province), and designated the country as Han and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. ?

After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, Lv Zhi was renamed Empress, and Liu Yuxin was called Crown Prince. According to Lou Jing's suggestion, Liu Bang took Chang 'an (now Xi City, Shaanxi Province) as the capital of Xianyang, in order to achieve long-term stability. Kaiji was called the Western Han Dynasty.

Extended data:

Hongmen banquet:

After defeating Zhang Han and forcing him to surrender, Xiang Yu also led the army straight to Guanzhong. Fan Zeng advised him to take the opportunity to get rid of his opponent Liu Bang, and Xiang Yu ordered to prepare for the next day's attack. At this time, Liu Bang has been unable to compete with the powerful Xiang Yu in strength. He has only100000 troops, but he can't beat Xiang Yu's 400000 soldiers.

Finally, Xiang Bo, Xiang Yu's uncle, "saved" Liu Bang: Xiang Bo and Sean, Liu Bang's counselor, were very close. Seeing that Xiang Yu was going to attack, they sneaked into the enemy camp overnight to find Sean and told him to leave quickly to avoid being killed.

Sean said he couldn't leave Liu Bang, so he broke the news to Liu Bang. In a flurry, Liu Bang hurriedly asked Sean for advice. Sean sent Liu Bang to see Xiang Bo, indicating that he had no intention of competing with Xiang Yu for the throne.

Liu Bang went to Xiang Bo as planned, showing that he had no ambition to be king, and made an appointment with his children in Xiang Bo. Xiang Bo returned to the barracks that night. He said to Xiang Yu: "Because Pei Gong entered the customs first and cleared the way for us to enter the customs, we can successfully pass the Hangu Pass. Pei Gong is a man of contribution. We should not doubt him and treat him sincerely. " Xiang Yu listened and decided not to attack Liu Bang.

The next day, Liu Bang came to Xiang Yu's barracks, bringing only Fan Kuai, Sean and one hundred elite Qin Bing. Arrived at Xiang Yu's big account and apologized to Xiang Yu who greeted him.

Xiang Yu invited Liu Bang in for dinner. Xiang Yu's father, Fan Zeng, has always advocated killing Liu Bang. At the banquet, he repeatedly motioned for Xiang Yu to start, but Xiang Yu hesitated and silently refused.

Fan Zengzhao invited Xiangzhuang to dance the sword to the banquet and took the opportunity to kill Liu Bang. Xiang Bo also drew his sword to protect and cover Liu Bang, but without success. This is the origin of the idiom "Xiang Zhuang dances with a sword, which is intended to be Pei Gong". Later, Liu bang left for an excuse and returned to the camp.

At the hongmen banquet, liu bang was very calm. In addition to the efforts of Sean, Xiang Bo and Fan Kuai, the key is Liu Bang's calmness.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Liu Bang

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-hongmen banquet