How to put out the fire in the kitchen

First, the basic concept of fire prevention

1, the formation of fire needs to meet the following three conditions: combustible, air and fire source. Without fire, it cannot be formed.

2. For fire fighting, three methods are usually adopted: suffocation (air isolation), cooling (cooling) and demolition (removing combustible materials).

Second, according to the provisions of China's national standard (CB4968), fire types can be divided into four categories.

1. Common fire (Class A): all fires caused by solid substances such as wood, paper, cotton, cloth and plastic.

2. Oil fires (Class B): all fires caused by self-igniting liquids and solid grease objects, such as gasoline, oil and kerosene.

3. Gas fire (Class C): Any fire caused by gas combustion and explosion is called gas fire, such as natural gas and coal gas.

4. Metal fire (Class D): fire caused by potassium, sodium, magnesium, lithium and substances that prohibit water.

5. Electrical fire: Any fire caused by electric leakage is called electrical fire.

Three, the types and methods of use of fire extinguishers

1. foam extinguisher: Class AB fire is applicable, which is divided into chemical foam and mechanical foam, in which chemical foam is used upside down and has been eliminated, and the use method of mechanical foam is the same as dry powder fire extinguishing agent. Disadvantages: it causes pollution and cannot be used for class C fires. It should be checked every four months, and chemicals should be replaced once a year.

2. Carbon dioxide fire extinguisher is suitable for BC fire. Usage: a) Pull out the safety bolt; B) Hold the horn nozzle and the valve knob; C) Pressing the handle is ejected by internal high pressure. Check once every three months, you will lose two pounds and need to make up. Disadvantages: users are prone to frostbite.

3. Dry powder fire extinguishers: divided into ABC and BC dry powder, of which ABC is suitable for fire fighting. Usage: a) Unplug the safety pin; B) The nozzle faces the flame, and it can be ejected by pressing the valve handle. Check the pressure gauge (1.2 MPa) for three months, and the effective time of the medicine is three years.

4. Clear water fire extinguisher: It is most suitable for fighting Class A fires, but not for fighting other kinds of fires. Flapping method: firstly, put the clear water fire extinguisher upright, take off the protective cap, and pat the protruding head at the top of the opening lever with your palm, so that water will be sprayed from the nozzle.

4. What are the precautions for the management of fire sources and gases?

1. Whether the natural gas pipeline is damaged or leaked, the valve shall be effectively closed and tightly closed after use.

2. For the boiler rooms of commercial restaurants, kitchens and bathrooms, the person in charge of the unit is required to designate a special person to be responsible for safety inspection and maintenance.

3. The fire used in the construction of the internal engineering of the building must designate the person in charge during the construction period, and define the responsibility and scope.

4. Dust and oil stains in the kitchen should be cleaned frequently, and chimneys and fume ventilation pipes should be covered with wire.

When setting off firecrackers, don't light them from the window to avoid fire.

6. Don't throw cigarette butts or smoke in bed.

7. Anyone who illegally operates or uses hidden dangerous goods without permission shall immediately notify the local fire department or public security organ.

8. Parents should not lock their children at home when they go out to avoid escaping in case of fire.

Five, electricity safety knowledge

1. The fuse is blown, which is a warning of excessive power consumption. It should not be thicker and thicker, so as not to fuse in time during short circuit, which will cause the live wire to catch fire.

2. The wires are old and easily damaged, so check and replace them.

You can't put electric lights in the wardrobe to bake clothes.

4. Electric heaters should not be equipped with flammable items or close to clothes.

5. Check whether the automatic regulating device of electric water heater is damaged, so as to avoid overheating and fire after explosion.

6. Dry powder fire extinguishers should be provided near the switch of the electrical machine room and distribution station to prevent fire.

Six, smoking

The flue gas COntains toxic gases such as fine carbon elements CO and co: The rising speed is 3.0M to 5.0M per second, and the transverse diffusion is 0.5M to1.0m. People who absorb 4% of the smoke will cause shock, suffocation and death within two to three minutes. Most people who died in the fire died of shock and suffocation after inhaling toxic gases contained in human smoke.

Seven, high-rise building fire precautions

1, safety doors or stairs and passages shall be kept clear, and shall not be closed, locked or blocked at will.

2. The windows of buildings should not be equipped with security bars or billboards to block the way to escape. If the equipment is installed, an escape exit shall be reserved.

3. The platform on the top of the high-rise building is a temporary refuge place. In addition to the reservoir and gap observation platform, houses or other equipment shall not be built to avoid affecting escape.

4 water shortage or fire truck rescue difficult areas, should be equipped with fire fighting equipment or bring their own enough fire water.