A summary of junior high school Chinese literature common sense

1, Lu Xun (188 1- 1936), formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was born in Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He is a great modern writer, thinker and revolutionary in China and the founder of modern proletarian culture in China. 19 18 published Diary of a Madman, famous short stories Scream and Wandering, prose collection Morning Flowers, prose poetry collection Weeds, prose collection Justice Collection, Two Hearts Collection and Three Leisure Collection in May. "Flowers at Morning" is a collection of essays written by Lu Xun in February 1926, with *** 10. "Hometown" is selected from the novel collection "Scream"; The text of "From Herb Garden to San Tan Yin Yue" is selected from "Morning Flowers"; The text "Snow" is selected from "Weeds" (Volume 2 of the Complete Works of Lu Xun); The True Story of Ah Q is a masterpiece in the history of modern literature.

2. Hu Shi (189 1- 1962), formerly known as Hu Hongcong, was born in Jixi, Anhui Province, and was a modern writer, scholar and educator. Is one of the founders of modern culture in China. He is the author of Hu Cun, Outline of China's Philosophy History, History of Vernacular Literature, Collected Works of Hu Shi, Collected Works of Hu Shi, etc.

3. Guo Moruo (1892- 1978) was originally named Guo Kaizhen, but Mo is a pseudonym. People from Leshan, Sichuan. Modern poet, playwright, historian, archaeologist, ancient writer and social activist. The main literary works are Goddess, Starry Sky and Cai Wenji. The Market in the Sky and Silent Night are selected from the complete works of Guo Moruo.

4. Ba Jin: Born in 1904, formerly known as Li Yaotang, born in Chengdu, Sichuan. The main representative works are the novel Death and Riptide trilogy Home, Spring and Autumn, the love trilogy Fog, Rain, Electricity and short, medium and long novels. Two short essays are selected from Dragon, Tiger and Dog.

5. Liu Zongyuan (773-819) was a writer and philosopher in the Tang Dynasty, and one of the eight masters in the Tang and Song Dynasties. Word thickness. His ancestral home was Hedong (now Yongji, Shaanxi Province), and later he moved to Chang 'an (now xi 'an, Shaanxi Province), which was called Liuhe East in history. Because of the official to Liuzhou secretariat, also known as Liu Liuzhou. He advocated the ancient prose movement in Tang Dynasty with Han Yu and called it Liu Han. Liu Zongyuan left more than 600 poems in his life, and his achievements were greater than poems. His "Going to Liuzhou Tower to Send Zhang Tingfeng to Four States" is a masterpiece of seven laws in the Tang Dynasty, and the quatrains "Jiang Xue" are also rare among the quatrains in the Tang Dynasty. "Little Stone Pond" is selected from "Liuhe East Collection".

6. Su Shi was a writer, painter and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty in China. Zi yue Zhan, no Dongpo lay man. A native of Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan) in the Song Dynasty. His father, Su Xun, and his younger brother, Su Zhe, are both famous writers in ancient times, and they are called "Su San" in the world. His masterpieces include Nian Nujiao and Shuidiao Tou, and he is also called "Su Xin" with Xin Qiji.

7. Shi, a native of Dingxiang, Shanxi, 1923, is a Mongolian poet of July School. Published poetry in 194 1, and published poetry anthology Colorful Life, Motherland, In front of Motherland, Love and Song, etc.

8. Steven Zweig (188 1- 1942), a famous Austrian geographical writer and critic, is good at describing personal experiences and passions under strange fate. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature and is recognized as one of the most outstanding novelists in the world. His representative works include The Mystery of Success, Twenty-four Hours in a Woman's Life, Three Writers and so on. Lev tolstoy is selected from three writers.

9. Helen Keller (1880- 1968), an American woman writer and educator, has written My Life, out of the dark and Teacher.

10, The Book of Songs is China's first poetry collection. The 305 poems it has preserved are about 500-600 years from BC 1 1 century (early Western Zhou Dynasty) to the 7th century BC (mid-Spring and Autumn Period). Originally, they were all music songs. According to different music arrangements, they were divided into three categories: wind, elegance and ode. In terms of composition, it has the characteristics of chapter and sentence, showing off and chanting, and generally adopts the techniques of "Fu", "Bi" and "Xing".

1 1. The Warring States Policy is a historical document in the pre-Qin period, with miscellaneous notes about the Eastern and Western Zhou Dynasties and the States of Qin, Qi, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Yan, Song, Wei and Zhongshan. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin and Six Kingdoms, it lasted about 240 years (460-220 BC). There are other titles in this book, such as national affairs, national policies, stories, phrases, long books and revised books. The original author's name can't be tested, and it was edited by Liu Xiang in Han Dynasty, named "Warring States Policy", which is still in use today.

12, the debate is selected from Zuo Zhuan, which is said to be a chronological history book compiled by Zuo Qiuming in the Spring and Autumn Period based on the historical materials of Lu.

13, Zou Ji's satire can be taught. Let's start with The Warring States Policy, where "satire" means satire and "teachable" means persuasion and acceptance.

14, One Mountain in Gong Yu is an allegorical literary work. In Liezi Tang Wen, there is a figure comparable to Gong Yu. The name is ironic.

15, Guan Yu is selected from The Book of Songs. Nan Zhou is the first article in The Book of Songs. The sword armor is selected from The Book of Songs Qin Feng, which, like Guanju, belongs to the Han style of The Book of Songs. In this category, apart from the ode to elegance and harmony, there are mainly local ballads with the highest ideological significance and artistic achievements.

16, Zuo Zhuan, also known as Zuo Chunqiu Zhuan or Zuo Chunqiu, is a chronicle of the political, economic, military, diplomatic and cultural aspects of the vassal states in the Spring and Autumn Period. Records of the Historian and Records of the Arts and Literature of Han Dynasty are all considered to be used by Zuo Qiuming, a historian of Lu State, and some economists in Qing Dynasty think that it was adapted by Liu Xin. People nearby believe that it was compiled by people in the early Warring States period according to the historical materials of various vassal States. The chronicle began in the year of Lu Yin (722 BC) and ended in the fourteenth year of Lu's demise (454 BC).

17, Zhuangzi (369 BC? -286 BC? ), Zhou, Song Zhimeng. He inherited Laozi's thought and was an important representative of the Taoist school, and was called "Laozi and Zhuangzi". There are thirty-three articles in Zhuangzi, including seven inside, fifteen outside and eleven miscellaneous articles.

18, Mencius (372 BC-289 BC), born in Ke and Zou (now southeast of Zou County, Shandong Province). He was a great thinker, educator and essayist in the Warring States period. It was called "Yasheng" by later buddhas and often called "Confucius and Mencius" by later generations. He advocated the people-oriented thought of "the people are the most important, the country is the second, and the monarch is the light". His book Mencius is one of the Confucian classics, which is divided into seven chapters, 26 1, about 35 thousand words.

19 The Merchant of Venice is a famous social satirical comedy created by Shakespeare, an outstanding British dramatist. It's also a famous play. In the play, Anton Mino and Portia are husband and wife, Portia and Nerissa are master servants, Nerissa and Gracino are husband and wife, and Anton Mino and Shylock are debtors and debtors.

20. Liang Qichao (1873- 1929) was born in Xinhui, Guangdong. The representative of China's Modern Reform Movement of 1898, together with Kang Youwei, led the famous "Reform Reform", and his work is "Restaurant Collection".

2 1 and Hugo (1802- 1885) were the leaders of the active Longman literary movement in the early19th century, and they were outstanding bourgeois writers in the history of French literature. His masterpieces include Notre Dame de Paris and Les Miserables. The text "Letter to Captain Butler about the Anglo-French Allied Expedition to China" is selected from Hugo's anthology.

22. Voltaire (1694- 1778) was a French enlightenment thinker. He was arrested and imprisoned twice, advocating an enlightened monarchy and emphasizing freedom and peace. Representative works include Philosophical Correspondence and Metaphysics.

23. Mo Bosang (1850- 1893) was a famous French writer of critical realism in the second half of the 9th century. His main works are The Road to Suicide, Life and Beauty. Short stories Miss Feifei, Necklace and My Uncle Christmas. He is also known as a master of short stories with American writer O Henry (representative work "Smile with Tears"), Russian writer Chekhov and American writer Mark Twain. My Uncle Yule is selected from the short story The Road to Suicide.

Wanka is the work of Russian writer Chekhov.

25. The author of The Voice is Huang Beijia. Her published works include Ship, Ship and When Reed Flowers Fly. Around the central event of reading the text in chronological order, the story content of the novel Wanka is intertwined with Jingjing's life experience and thoughts and feelings to start the story.

26. The collocation of the following authors with their works, sources and protagonists.

27. Francis Bacon (156 1- 1626) was a British philosopher and writer. His main works are New Tools of Philosophy and Essays on Literature.

28. Shi Naian, the author of Water Margin, was born in 1296 and died in 1370. His life story is unknown.

29. Luo Guanzhong (about 1330—— about 1400), whose real name is scattered in lakes and seas. Taiyuan, Shanxi, a novelist in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. The main masterpiece is Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

30. Wu (170 1- 1754) was a famous novelist in the Qing Dynasty. The main representative work is The Scholars. The text "Fan Jinzhong Residence" is selected from the third chapter of The Scholars, which mainly describes the life and spiritual strength of intellectuals in feudal society.

3 1, Cao Xueqin (17 15- 1763), whose real name is (Yuzitou Xiazhan), whose name is Qinpu and Xueqin, belongs to Zhengbai Banner in Manzhou. The main work A Dream of Red Mansions is a great realistic work in China's classical novels, and it is known as "the encyclopedia of feudal society in China". The text "Xiang Shi" is selected from the forty-eighth chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions.

32. "Chen She Family" was selected by famous writers and historians in ancient China according to Historical Records. He devoted his life to writing the first biography of China.

33. Sui Tang Live Up to its Mission is selected from The Warring States Policy, which was compiled by Liu Xiang at the end of the Western Han Dynasty according to Shi Ce during the Warring States Period.

35. The author of "Looking at Jiangnan" is Wen, formerly known as Qi, whose word is Fei Qing, and he was from Taiyuan in the late Tang Dynasty. Poetry is one of the important writers of Huajian Ci School. Looking at Jiangnan shows the life state and inner feelings of a woman who is in a boudoir because her beloved travels far away.

36. The author of "Hunting in Jiangchengzi Mizhou" is Su Shi, whose real name is Zi Zhan, whose name is Dongpo lay man and Meizhou native. He is the most famous writer and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.

37. The author of "Broken Fighter Fu Zhuang Ci is Chen Tongfu" is Xin Qiji, whose name is You 'an,No. Jiaxuan, and Li Cheng. A famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty (Dynasty), including Jia Xuan's Long and Short Sentences.

38. The Fisherman's Pride, Qiu Si, is tragic in artistic conception, vivid in image and concise in language, which opens up a new field for Song Ci in terms of theme, artistic conception and art.

39. Li Qingzhao experienced the ruin of her country and the death of her husband, so her "Wulingchun" written at the age of 53 reflects her tragic situation and inner grief.

40. "Between the lines of Qinyuanchun. Snow ",imagine the scenery after snow: it must be sunny, look at that red dress, especially enchanting."

4 1. Zhuge Liang described his local chronicles in the "Model" and wrote the sentence when he pursued the kindness of the former emperor: When he was ordered to defeat the army, he was ordered in danger.

42. How many things have gone up and down through the ages? The Yangtze River stretches as far as the eye can see. (Xin Qiji's Nanxiangzi). Deng Kou Gu Beiting is pregnant ")

43. The sentence that all palaces are turned into mud in "The Mountain of Mountain Slope Sheep Nostalgia" is: all are turned into mud; What is lost has become dirt.

44. The following is about the characters, sources, genres, authors, countries or dynasties of the works.

Ralph Chameleon Chekhov Russia

Kong Yiji-Kong Yiji-Novel-Lu Xun-China

Portia-Merchant of Venice-Drama-Shakespeare-England

Dog Baby Face/Non-Opera-Wei Minglun-China

45. Lao She (1899- 1966), formerly known as Shu Qingchun, is a famous writer in Beijing. He has written the novel Camel Xiangzi and the drama Teahouse, both of which are included in the Complete Works of Lao She. The text "Winter in Jinan" is selected from the complete works of Lao She, which was written by Lao She when she was teaching in cheeloo university in the spring of 193 1.

46. Bai Juyi (772-846), whose real name was Lotte, was also known as Xiangshan layman in his later years. Taiyuan (present-day Shanxi) is a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. He wrote 765,438+0 volumes of Bai Changqing's Collection, 50 new Yuefu and 65,438+00 Qin Zhongyin, all of which are very famous.

47. Pu Songling (1640- 17 15) was born in Zichuan (now Zibo, Shandong) and was a writer in the Qing Dynasty. The masterpiece Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.

48. Bing Xin (1900- 1999), formerly known as Xie Wanying, was a poet and writer from Changle, Fujian. Representative poetry collections include Stars, Springs, For Young Readers, and prose collections Laughter and Past Events.

49. Andersen (1805- 1875), a famous Danish fairy tale writer, has created more than 60 fairy tale works, such as The Little Match Girl, The Daughter of the Sea and The Ugly Duckling. The Emperor's New Clothes is selected from Selected Fairy Tales of Andersen.

50. Aesop's Fables is a collection of fables. According to legend, Aesop was an ancient Greek in the 6th century BC and was good at telling animal stories. The existing Aesop's Fables is a story handed down from ancient Greece and Rome, which was collected by later generations and belongs to Aesop. Hermes, the god in charge of travel and commerce in ancient Greek mythology, was the son of Zeus. Zeus was the leader in ancient Greek mythology. Hermes and the Statue Maker and Mosquito and the Lion are both selected from Aesop's fables.

5 1, Zhu Ziqing (1898- 1948), a native of Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, is an essayist, poet and scholar. His representative works include poetry collection and prose collection Trace. Prose collection "Back" and "Miscellaneous Notes on European Travel" are included in Zhu Ziqing's complete works.

52. Tao Yuanming (about 365-427), also known as Qian, was born in Xunyang Chaisang (now Jiujiang City, Jiangsu Province) and was a famous poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Peach Blossom Garden is selected from Tao Yuanming's anthology. The idiom "Xanadu" comes from this article.

53. The Book of Rites, one of the Confucian classics, was compiled and edited by Dai Sheng in the Western Han Dynasty on various etiquette works before the Qin and Han Dynasties, with a total of 49 articles. The trip to the Avenue is selected from The Book of Rites.

54. Ye Shengtao (1894- 1988), formerly known as Shaoduo, was called Shengtao. People from Suzhou, Jiangsu. Writers, educators and editors. The representative works are collected in Ye Shengtao Collection.

55. "Humble Room Inscription" is selected from "Quantangwen" Volume 608. Ailian's Theory is selected from The Duke of Zhou Yuan Zhen, and Yuan Gong is posthumous title after Zhou Dunyi's death. Zhou Gongyi (10 17- 1073), also known as Uncle Mao. Taoist in Tongzhou, a philosopher in the Northern Song Dynasty, is the author of Illustration of Taiji and General Book.

56. Notes on Water Classics was written by Li Daoyuan (466 or 472-527), a geographer of the Northern Wei Dynasty and a native of Fanyangzhuo County. He likes to read and pay attention to geographical phenomena such as waterways. This book records more than 1000 rivers and related historical sites, people's stories, myths and legends in detail. It is the most comprehensive and systematic comprehensive geographical work in ancient China. It also records a large number of inscriptions, ink and fishing songs, with gorgeous words and beautiful language, which has high literary value.

57. "How Steel was Tempered" was written by the Soviet writer Nikolai ostrovsky in his sickbed for three years. Based on the life experience of the protagonist Paul Kochakin, this book shows the vast historical picture of Soviet Russia from 19 15 to 1930 and the arduous and remarkable struggle life of the people.

58. Pushkin (1799- 1837), 19 century great Russian national poet, the main representative of positive romantic literature, the founder of critical realistic literature, and is known as the "father of literature" in Russia. It enjoys a high reputation in the history of world literature. The main representative works are: Ode to Freedom, Ode to the Sea, Ode to Chaadayev and so on. , the poetic novel yevgeni onegin and the novel The Colonel's Daughter. The text If Life Deceives You is the work of Pushkin.

59. Robert Frost (1874- 1963), a famous American poet, is also known as "the peasant poet of New England". The main representative works are the famous work North of Boston. The Road Not Taken is the work of Robert Frost.

60. Li Dazhao (1889- 1927) was born in Laoting County, Hebei Province. His main works are Selected Works of Li Dazhao and Poems of Li Dazhao.

6 1, Mulan Poetry is selected from Yuefu Poems compiled by Guo Maoqian in Song Dynasty, also known as Mulan Poetry and Mulan Ci. Together with Peacock Flying Southeast, Mulan Poetry is called "a double gem" in the history of China poetry. Yuefu poetry is a kind of Yuefu folk song in the North during the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

62. Sima Guang (A.D.101086) was born in Sushui Village, Xia County, Shaanxi Province in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was also known as Mr. Sushui, a minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, a famous writer and historian. The main representative works are Zi Tongzhi Jian, Sima Official Documents Collection and Jigulu.

63. Zi Tong Zhi Jian is a major chronological general history in China, with a total of 294 volumes, spanning from the Warring States to the Five Dynasties and lasting 65438 0362 years. The content is mainly political and military, and he is good at describing war. "Battle of Red Cliffs" and "The Battle of Surabaya" are selected from this book.

64. Kuafu Daily is selected from Shan Hai Jing. Book title of Shan Hai Jing, 18. The author is unknown.

65. Yunnan Song Club is selected from Shen Congwen's prose collection. The author is Shen Congwen, a native of Fenghuang, Hunan, a modern writer and a researcher of historical relics.

66. Song Lian (1310-1381), a native of Qianxi and Pujiang (now Yiwu, Zhejiang), was a writer in the early Ming Dynasty. The representative work is Song Wenxuan, and the text "Preface to Dongyang" is excerpted from this book.

67. Ouyang Xiu (1007— 1072), whose real name was Yongshu, was called Drunken Weng, and in his later years he was named Liu Yiju. A native of Yongfeng, Jizhou (now Yongfeng, Jiangxi), he was a writer and historian in the Song Dynasty. Together with Han Yu, Liu Zongyuan (Tang Dynasty), Su Xun, Su Shi, Su Zhe, Ceng Gong and Wang Anshi (Song Dynasty), they were called the eight great masters in Tang and Song Dynasties. Zuiweng Pavilion is selected from Selected Essays of Ouyang Xiu.

68. The Analects of Confucius is a book written by Confucius and his disciples, which records the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples. The Analects of Confucius embodies Confucianism in a concentrated way, with a total of 20 books, which is one of the classic works of Confucianism. The main system is the record style, but also the dialogue style and narrative style. From the Han Dynasty to the May 4th Movement for more than 2,000 years, it has been a must-read book for school children, with great influence.

69. Confucius (5565438 BC+0-479 BC) was born in the State of Lu (now Qufu, Shandong) in the Spring and Autumn Period, and his name was Zhong Ni. China was a great educator and thinker in ancient times and the founder of Confucianism.

70. Xin Qiji (1 140- 1207), born in Licheng (now Jinan), was a patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.

7 1, Viewing the Sea is selected from Cao Cao's Yuefu Poems; "Park under the North Fort Mountain" was written by Wang Wan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty. A Spring Tour in Qiantang is selected from Bai Juyi, the author of Bai Changqing Collection. "Xijiang Moon" is selected from Xin Qiji's "Jia and Short Songs"; The author of Tianjingsha Qiu Si is Ma Zhiyuan in Yuan Dynasty. Among them, the first three poems are poems, Xijiang Moon is a poem, and Tianjingsha Qiu Si is a poem.

72. Shi Shuo Xin Yu was originally eight volumes, but now it is made into three volumes, which are divided into 36 subjects, such as morality, speech, politics, literature, founder, magnanimity and knowledge. It mainly recorded the words and deeds of the scholar-officials in the Jin Dynasty, and more reflected the thought, life and atmosphere of advocating speech at that time. This book preserves a wealth of literature and art materials of the Jin Dynasty, which is of great research value.

73. Han Fei (about 280-233 BC) was a famous Korean thinker at the end of the Warring States Period. The masterpiece "Everything is Wrong" has 20 volumes and 55 articles. The text Naoko Doubts Neighbors is one of them.