When was Yellow River Province established?

Some reports from Yellow River Province inter-provincial cooperation to fight for the "test zone" Time: 2008-12-28 03:46 Source: Shanxi News Network Shanxi Evening News The three provinces jointly requested instructions, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan are also expected to have an "economy" The concept of "Special Economic Zone" has been envied by people in Shanxi, Shaanxi and other central and western regions for nearly 30 years. When Guangdong Province's "30 Years of Reform and Opening Up Achievements Exhibition" revealed that Shenzhen's GDP in 2007 was higher than that in 1979 When the annual growth rate was 789 times and the per capita GDP exceeded 10,000 US dollars, the farmer brothers in southern Shanxi, western Henan and the eight-hundred-mile Guanzhong Plain could not figure out the mechanism of the economic surge, nor did they know how to catch up with this speed. Special Economic Zones and open coastal port cities gave them nothing more than opportunities for young people to go out to work and a distant dream that was very different from thousands of years of agricultural civilization. By 2007, Yuncheng, Linfen, and Sanmenxia along the Yellow River in the three provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Henan, The per capita GDP of the four cities in Weinan is about 13,000 yuan, which is 74% of the national average. Except for Linfen City, which has experienced relatively high economic growth in recent years due to the coal economy, the other three cities are all in a backward position in their respective provinces. Not only are they geographically at the center of the three provinces In the marginal zone, they are in the same boat in terms of economic status and are in danger of being "marginalized". This anxiety is most deeply felt by the officials of the 4 municipal governments. From January to December this year alone, the 4 cities convened 4 meetings at the mayoral level and A joint meeting at the executive deputy mayor level - planning how to break through administrative divisions to implement economic cooperation, everyone gathered together to highlight the "economic low zone", and how to find higher-level policy support for this cooperation. They envisioned fighting for this collaboration. Name - "Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle Regional Coordinated Development Comprehensive Experimental Zone". The "pilot zone" is essentially a special economic zone. However, it is different from Shenzhen and Zhuhai-style "rise from the flat land", and it is also different from the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. It is a kind of strong alliance, but a group breakthrough in the underdeveloped areas of the central and western regions. "If the country approves it, we will do it; if the country fails to approve it, we will still cooperate. The difference is that the national level is not mentioned, and some deep-level cooperation in the existing cooperation The problems at different levels are difficult to solve and the effect is limited." Lu Shisheng, director of the Office of Comprehensive Experimental Zone for the Coordinated Development of the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle Region (hereinafter referred to as the Office) explained 4 The city's outlook on the fate of the Yellow River Golden Triangle Economic Cooperation. However, Soon, this bottom-up idea received support from the respective provincial governments. On July 9 this year, the Shanxi Provincial Government, the Shaanxi Provincial Government, and the Henan Provincial Government jointly issued a "About Letter of request for establishing the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle as a National Comprehensive Experimental Zone for Regional Coordinated Development. The great bend of the Yellow River on the Shanxi-Shaanxi border, which was once the most prosperous area of ??five thousand years of Chinese civilization, finally has hope to become popular again. ◆ Visiting and feeling that the highways in the three provinces of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan are not connected to each other. Why are the three provinces and four cities so eager to unite? To put it simply, zoning and division restrict many things. One of the purposes of dividing administrative regions is to adapt to local conditions and promote economic development; but in fact it is often It is operated as a "princely economy" and hinders economic development. Roads can often be the most intuitive reflection of "regional thinking". Shanxi, Shaanxi and Henan have all built expressways in the Yellow River Delta. However, Shanxi's expressways and Shaanxi and Henan expressways None of them are connected. The Dayun Expressway extends in two directions after reaching Yuncheng. One is the Yunsan Expressway, but in fact it only leads to a large slope west of Pinglu County on the north bank of the Yellow River, and cannot reach Sanmenxia. South of Sanmenxia City It is the backbone of China's east-west transportation line - Lianhuo Expressway (from Lianyungang to Horgos, Xinjiang). It is 20 kilometers away from the north and is not connected to the Yunsan Expressway. The two cut-off expressways in these two provinces are borrowed from 209 National Highway to connect. In 1993, the 1,300-meter-long Sanmenxia Yellow River Bridge was jointly invested and built by the governments of Shanxi and Henan provinces. The ferry history from Pinglu to Sanmenxia ended. However, since the bridge was opened, tolls have been charged by the two provinces at the same time. At the beginning, small cars were charged 10 yuan in Henan and 5 yuan in Shanxi. For the same service, different charges were charged.

The fee was once considered a laughing stock by people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. In 2002, Shanxi also set a commission of 10 yuan to achieve "balance between both sides." Now, from Pinglu County to Sanmenxia, ??people usually take the Pinglu bus to the bridge on the other side, and then sit here. Sanmenxia City's No. 9 bus enters the city. If you drive there, you will have to pay 20 yuan to cross the bridge back and forth. This is a major restriction on communication between the two places. It is an ordinary bridge, with a toll station at both ends and various checks. People wander around the station card, and the common people jokingly call it the "Gate of the Country." The Yunfeng Expressway from Yuncheng to Fenglingdu is also not connected to the Xitong section of the Lianhuo Expressway. If you take the expressway from Yuncheng to Xi'an, you need to get off at Fenglingdu first. Expressway, pay the Shanxi section expressway toll; then pay 10 yuan bridge toll (for small cars) to the bridge management office on the north side of Fenglingdu Yellow River Bridge, drive out of Qindong, and then pick up the card again and get on the expressway. In just a short time More than ten kilometers, it is "impossible to repair". This cannot but be "attributed" to the strong awareness of administrative divisions. ◆Difficulties in development and the weak industry under the background of regional divisions. At present, the economic control function of the government is still very strong, and the economy When the transformation of management methods has not been completed, administrative divisions have greatly hindered the construction of a unified market. Industrial policies, industrial planning, and industrial layout are limited to administrative divisions, but the essential requirements for economic operation are a large market and a unified market. With great circulation, the contradiction is obvious. Yuncheng, Linfen, Sanmenxia and Weinan are all located in the geographical zone of 35 degrees north latitude. Rainfall, light, altitude, and temperature difference between day and night are all suitable for apple production. Experts say that this area is among the main apple producing areas in the world. The only "best eugenic zone" that meets the seven ecological indicators of apples. At present, there are 4 million acres of apple planting area in 4 cities, with an annual output of 4 billion kilograms. The large output of apples has spawned a number of juice companies. Every year, apples are harvested Later, the good fruits were sold as fresh fruits, while the fallen fruits and defective fruits were collected and became the raw materials for concentrated apple juice. Now, major juice production companies such as Haisheng, Huiyuan, SDIC Zhonglu, and Hengxing have established operations in 4 cities. More than 20 juice companies in the region produce 720,000 tons of concentrated apple juice annually, accounting for more than half of the country's output. It is also the world's largest exporter of concentrated apple juice. However, such a large output has not allowed them to achieve success. "Right of voice", on the contrary, because output is greatly affected by the supply of raw materials, juice companies are often threatened by penalties for breach of contract in orders from foreign manufacturers. In order to grab business, they carry out "brotherly fights" internally. In the small "Golden Triangle" In the region, companies that are engaged in rough processing "compete" with each other, making the fruit market full of tragedy and comedy. Apple trees have a so-called "big one year and small two years", and the output naturally fluctuates greatly. Coupled with natural disasters, the output is even more difficult to achieve. It is predicted that 2006 will be a bumper harvest year for apples. The country’s apple production has reached a record of 25 million tons, and the export of concentrated apple juice has also reached half of the world’s. The price per ton is US$1,300-1,350. The booming production and sales have allowed concentrated juice companies to take on more projects. Many orders. By 2007, a frost in April immediately changed all this. By September, the quotations of concentrated juice were rising steadily; the "domestic war" carried out by various companies in order to complete foreign orders began. Yuncheng companies rose The prices are the highest, so fruit farmers in Sanmenxia work tirelessly to deliver apples to the north of the Yellow River. Companies in Sanmenxia City are screaming with hunger. Everyone is competing with each other at a low level, deep processing, and no one is developing high-end products. No one invests, which makes the economic managers of the four cities sad. Why can't the administrative divisions be broken, and the four cities can establish unified industry associations to strengthen self-coordination? Why can't the four parties work together to develop some high-end products and terminal products, and get rid of being others? The fate of raw juice supply? There are many industries like this in the 4 cities. For example, alumina, electrolytic aluminum and aluminum alloy materials industry, Yuncheng and Sanmenxia are the two major towns in the country. In 2007, the alumina output of the two cities 5.74 million tons, accounting for 30% of the national output, and 1.247 million tons of electrolytic aluminum, accounting for 10% of the national output. However, the aluminum industry in these two regions urgently needs someone to coordinate. Aluminum, aluminum alloys, and aluminum products industries, the best way is Made into finished products on-site. In the past few years, the flow of aluminum profiles

When it was working, there used to be a very stupid "aluminum profile route": the aluminum factory in Hejin water-cooled the aluminum into aluminum ingots, and a truck from Guangzhou took the aluminum ingots to Guangzhou. In Guangzhou, the aluminum ingots were re-melted to make aluminum. The profiles are then taken to the north to be sold. This line does not count the pollution cost of melting aluminum ingots. Only the transportation cost and the energy consumption cost of re-melting add more than 300 yuan per ton of aluminum. Nowadays, aluminum profiles are no longer fashionable, but The deep processing and conversion capacity of aluminum and aluminum alloys in this region is still not high. The above-mentioned two cities have an annual output of about 7 million tons of alumina and electrolytic aluminum, aluminum alloy production is only 50,000 tons, and aluminum processing is only 248,000 tons. Deep processing and conversion Insufficient capacity 5. With the scale of the aluminum industry in the two cities, how to stretch the industrial chain and produce high-end and high-price products requires planning and coordination by the government departments of the two places. Magnesium metal and magnesium alloy industry, Linfen, Yuncheng, Sanmenxia 3. There are 96 enterprises in the city with an annual production capacity of 350,000 tons, accounting for more than 50% of the country's total. It occupies a decisive position domestically and around the world. It is also urgent for the three cities to coordinate their development in order to strive for an industrial highland and The right to speak in the industry. Let’s talk about tourism. Some major scenic spots in the Yellow River Delta region have certain internal connections and cannot be divided by current administrative divisions. For example, in the story of "Fake Road to Cut Off Guo", the protagonist is in Linfen (Jin Xiangong), One side is in Yuncheng (Yu Gong), and the other is in Lijiayao Village (Guo Gong) in Shaanxi County. When we go to Sanmenxia to see the Guo Kingdom's chariot and horse pit tomb, the commentator cannot help but mention the Jin Kingdom and the Yu Kingdom. The Yellow River is colliding with the Hua River. Huashan in Yin County has just turned a large right angle. Weinan, Sanmenxia's important military tourist resorts Tongguan and Hangu Pass have a direct causal relationship with this big bend of the Yellow River. Why has the Yellow River Triangle prospered again for thousands of years? War continues, and an important reason is that Yuncheng has the third largest sodium sulfate inland salt lake in the world. Before the Song Dynasty moved south and the technology of drying salt spread southward, most Chinese people had to rely on "glu salt" Survival.——This kind of tourist area with geographical causality and historical causality can be more connotative when integrated. 4 The urgency for cities to strengthen cooperation is also reflected in preventing the cross-regional transfer of pollution. It is understood that Linfen Xiangning County in the past few years Some of the eliminated coking plants have crossed the Yumenkou Yellow River Bridge and "settled down" in Hancheng, Shaanxi Province. Coke ovens under four meters three have been eliminated in Shanxi, while in Shaanxi, the coke ovens are three meters three and two eight meters high. The stoves are still in use. Industrial policies and actual implementation standards are not synchronized and unified, and the possible result is pollution transfer rather than pollution control. (Reprinted on page 5) ◆Private exchanges, people in Yuncheng all go to Xi'an for business due to geographical proximity and Influenced by the same historical and cultural environment for thousands of years, we can actually easily find the roots of the so-called "Yellow River Golden Triangle Economic Cooperation Comprehensive Experimental Zone", which is frequent people-to-people exchanges. This area was the "two capitals of Hedong" for more than 1,300 years before the Northern Song Dynasty. "Central area, it would be strange if the people in this area are not close to each other. When you come to Yuncheng, ask anyone "Where do Yuncheng people go to do things?", and you will get an answer that has almost become a colloquial saying: People in Yuncheng go to Xi'an to do things. Run. It can be seen that Yuncheng people, especially the people in Yuncheng, are "quite indifferent" to Shaanxi. People in Heyang in Weinan City regard the Linyi people in Yuncheng as one family. Qiao Zhigang, chief of the Comprehensive Section of the Weinan City Development and Reform Commission, is from Heyang When he learned that the driver Lao Gong who accompanied the reporter in the interview was from Linyi, the two immediately talked in dialect and became very cordial. Qiao Zhigang told the reporter that more than 20 years ago, when he remembered that there was a TV in the village, he turned on the TV and received Linyi Terrace is on the other side of the river. Linyi County and Heyang County have basically the same water, soil and climate, but Linyi has developed faster. At that time, what the farmers in Heyang planted depended on what the Linyi people on the other side of the river planted. Master Gong told reporters that in the villages around Zhuoli where his family is located, most people marry Heyang wives. The kinship relationship formed by marriages in the two counties is as dense as a cobweb. In June and July this year, the Yellow River was built by Heyang County After the floating bridge was opened to traffic, cross-strait exchanges became closer. When the reporter came to Sanmenxia City, he saw another type of inter-provincial exchange phenomenon: consumption across provinces. In larger shopping malls such as Yuzhou Mall on Heping Road in Sanmenxia City, three or four shoppers There is one

He is from Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. According to the staff of the Sanmenxia Yellow River Bridge Management Office, due to the underdeveloped service industry in Pinglu County and the low-grade hotels, Pinglu County government sometimes arranges receptions in Sanmenxia. Dapeng in Sanmenxia City. Hotels such as the Golden Rose are doing booming business due to the patronage of consumers from the two provinces. When Pinglu people spend "at least half of their money" in Sanmenxia, ??the Yuncheng Airport built in recent years may be successfully "compensating": Sanmenxia people take flights , as long as there is a line, you basically choose to come to Yuncheng Airport. Because Sanmenxia City is only more than 30 kilometers from Yuncheng, which is much closer than Luoyang and Zhengzhou. According to Director Cheng of the Yuncheng Airport Office, among the passengers currently coming to take the flight, they are from Sanmenxia and Linfen People account for about a quarter. Historically, Linfen, Yuncheng, Sanmenxia and Weinan, the triangle area in the middle of the Yellow River, are the people of Dingcun, the place where the Yangshao culture was discovered and the legendary battle between the Yellow Emperor and Chiyou, Yao, Shun and Yuding. After the Xia and Shang Dynasties, Xi'an and Luoyang served as the political, economic and cultural centers of China for more than 1,300 years. During this period, the imperial court regarded Xi'an as the western capital and Luoyang as the eastern capital, and the emperor traveled between the two capitals. This phenomenon has happened several times. The people of this triangle area, after being pulled and "stirred" by so many dynasties, have long been integrated into one. Interestingly, two idioms that are often quoted to explain the close relationship between regions both came into being. Here: one is "the auxiliary chariots are dependent on each other, and the lips are dead and the teeth are cold", and the other is "the good relationship between Qin and Jin". The story of "the lips are dead and the teeth are cold" happened in Pinglu County and Sanmenxia Shaanxian County, 2663 years ago. "The good relationship between Qin and Jin" happened in Shanxi and Shaanxi, and more than once. The Jin State married girls such as Qin Muji to the leaders of the Qin State, and the Qin State married girls such as Huaiying to Chong'er. When the Jin State suffered a disaster, the Qin State sent a car to deliver rice. And so on. There are too many to mention. ◆Government cooperation: 3 provinces and 4 cities along the Yellow River are now striving for "pilot zones". However, historical origins and non-governmental exchanges cannot replace government cooperation. Non-governmental exchanges mean that private people can do small business, while government cooperation means that the two places can cooperate. Jointly operate large projects and create a large environment. Yuncheng, Weinan and Sanmenxia began economic cooperation practices as early as 1986 under the guidance of the former State Planning Commission. The Sanmenxia, ??Fenglingdu and other Yellow River highway bridges we are currently using were built by The three cities jointly built the "one card" for travel tickets from Yuncheng to Sanmenxia and became a reality. This round of cooperation also realized the power transmission from Shaanxi to the east. Weinan, a major thermal power city, laid a transmission line across Fenglingdu in 2005. Supply power to Yuncheng City. In addition, some cooperation has also been implemented in areas that are not greatly affected by administrative divisions, such as environmental protection, agricultural technology, earthquake prevention and disaster reduction, locust extermination, and public security joint prevention. In 2004, the Tongguan Era Building caught fire, and soon Weinan , the fire departments of Yuncheng and Sanmenxia cities took action at the same time. On September 26 of the same year, the Linyi shipwreck was handled jointly by the public security agencies of the three places. Pinglu and Sanmenxia police jointly carried out swan protection, and when the locust plague was discovered, the cities agreed on the same time ** * The joint extermination of locusts can be regarded as an existing result of the "three-city collaboration". However, those with a discerning eye can see that these cooperations are only superficial and have not scratched the itch in terms of improving the economic and social development level of the entire region. ". What they need is a unified industrial layout, unified construction planning, unified policy implementation standards, and the establishment of a unified product and factor market. But the municipal government cannot solve these problems. In 2007, the 17th National Congress was held and proposed to promote In line with the requirements of coordinated regional development and "following the laws of market economy and breaking through the boundaries of administrative divisions", at this time, 3 provinces and 4 cities along the Yellow River, joined by Linfen, formally proposed the construction of a "Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle Regional Coordinated Development Comprehensive Experimental Zone" Concept. After seeking approval from the respective provincial governments, the application process will begin. The "pilot zone" that the 4 cities are now striving for is equivalent to the "upgraded version" of the 3-city collaboration zone 22 years ago. ◆The realization of the "eight common" development goals will drive the entire In the central and western regions, on September 7 this year, the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle Regional Coordinated Development Mayors Joint Meeting was held at the Yuncheng Airport Resort Conference Center. Weinan City Mayor Xu Xinrong proposed the important goals to be achieved by the economic cooperation of the four cities - Badong: Planning is coordinated; transportation is on the same network

; Information sharing; market integration; industrial synchronization; science and education co-prosperity; tourism co-operation; environment management together. This statement accurately summarizes the problems that the four cities need to solve in their respective economic development and economic exchanges with each other. The "Eight Common Problems" proposed by Xu Xinrong ", which was unanimously approved by the 4 cities. At the end of October, the 4 cities entrusted the National Development and Reform Commission's Land Development and Regional Economic Research Institute to complete the "Shanxi-Shaanxi-Henan-Henan Yellow River Golden Triangle Construction Regional Coordinated Development Comprehensive Experimental Zone Plan", and the "Eight Tongs" were concretized as 23 key industrial cooperation plans, including coal, aluminum, magnesium metal, gold, molybdenum and other industrial and mining industries, salinization, electric power, machinery manufacturing and other modern industries, as well as agriculture, transportation, culture and education, tourism, modern logistics, etc. Among them For machinery manufacturing, there are now 349 related companies in 4 cities, employing more than 100,000 people, with great potential. Such products mainly include automotive castings, automotive cylinder blocks and cylinder heads in Yaodu District, Linfen, and Hejin and Yongji. Precision castings, traction motors and AC motors in Yongji, Linyi, Yaodu District, Weinan, Sanmenxia, ??auto parts in Jiangxian, Linyi, semi-trailers, dump trucks in Linfen, Houma, Xiangfen, Sanmenxia, Pistons, axles, clutches, gearbox housings, torsion bars, brake drums, etc. People in the machinery industry have a saying: "You can find everything on cars in the Yellow River Triangle." In fact, this area has been around for a long time. It has the capacity to produce complete vehicles, but its long-term status is only to provide components for various cars and heavy trucks. There is also the logistics industry. The 4th city is right in the middle of the Longhai Line. It is the bridgehead of transportation between China and the West and the watershed between the north and the south. It has a good road network foundation. However, due to zoning and division, the logistics form is still very backward, and the logistics circulation system has not been formed, so that this place with a good foundation has extremely low efficiency. "If the logistics is not developed, the price of the product will be reduced to the price of meat when it is transported to the destination." Xiao Factory bosses all have this feeling. According to the special plan of the "Experimental Zone Plan", 7 areas including Linfen, Yuncheng, Fenglingdu, Sanmenxia, ??Lingbao, Huashan and Weinan will be built based on transportation hubs such as Houma and Sanmenxia West. Logistics nodes and a group of modern logistics parks, professional logistics centers and large distribution centers can coordinate the incoming and outgoing material flows, flow directions, and flows to form reasonable convection, reduce empty container rates, and empty truck rates, which will reduce logistics costs to about 20 percent of GDP. A reasonable level. According to the reporter, some of these special joint venture projects have already been partially started. If they can be fully launched, they will not only benefit 17 million people in the 4 cities, but also the development of the entire central and western region. ◆The progress of the incident will lead to "disconnection" It is understood that on July 10, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Henan provinces submitted Jin Zhenghan (2008) No. 100 document to the National Development and Reform Commission. The leaders of the National Development and Reform Commission have forwarded this material to the Regional Economic Department. The Department has arranged for the Central Office to put forward specific opinions, which are currently being drafted. The Eleventh Five-Year Plan issued in 2006 divided the main functional areas for the first time in the country, including priority development areas, key development areas, restricted development areas and prohibited development areas. District, the above-mentioned four cities of Yuncheng, Linfen, Sanmenxia and Weinan all belong to the "Key Development Area"; and the four cities are located at the junction of North China, Northwest China and the Central Plains, connecting the east and the west, and are in a very prominent position to undertake the gradient transfer of industries. This also makes 4 The city is more confident in the approval of this pilot zone. According to Cui Zhenli, deputy director of the "Struggle Office" of the pilot zone, the 11th Five-Year Plan puts forward the requirement of "breaking the restrictions of administrative divisions and promoting the free flow of production factors between regions." If the "Yellow River Golden Triangle Experimental Zone" plan is passed, cross-provincial economic cooperation will be realized. According to news on December 6, the Ministry of Railways and the Shanxi Provincial Government signed a contract on this day for more than 150 billion yuan and about 2,000 kilometers of railway construction package projects. 180 kilometers (total investment of about 20 billion yuan) directly benefits the "Yellow River Golden Triangle". It includes the Universiade Passenger Line (Yuncheng Section), the Yunsan Railway, and the Yuncheng to Puzhou (connecting Weinan Dali to Xi'an) three railways. Preliminary survey of the project The design and feasibility study report preparation and station site selection are currently in progress. The construction of the three railways is initially expected to start at the same time before the third quarter of next year. As for expressways,

The two "dead-end roads" of Shanxi-Henan and Shanxi-Shaanxi in the Yellow River Delta region will also be connected. Two expressway bridges will be built in Sanmenxia and Fenglingdu respectively to connect Yunsan Expressway and Lianhuo Expressway, and Yunfeng Expressway and Xixi Expressway. Tong Expressway. Among them, the feasibility study report of the Sanmenxia Yellow River Expressway Bridge has been approved, and the Fenglingdu Yellow River Expressway Bridge is undergoing preliminary work. The two bridges are expected to invest 800 million yuan and 500 million yuan respectively. The feasibility study report of the Yuncheng to Henan Lingbao Expressway has been approved Provincial review. All these projects will support the synchronization and coordinated development of the three provinces and four cities along the Yellow River.