What are the three famous ancient buildings in China?

The Yellow Crane Tower, known as one of the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, was originally located at the head of the Yellow Crane Tower in Sheshan, Wuchang, Hubei. According to legend, it was built in the second year of Wu in the Three Kingdoms (AD 223). In the long river of history, the Yellow Crane Tower has experienced vicissitudes, been destroyed and built repeatedly, and traveled around the world for more than 30 times. The Yellow Crane Tower was last destroyed in August of the 10th year of Guangxu in the late Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1884). Due to the fire in Dongjiapo residential building outside Hanyang Gate, the wind and fire were fierce, which damaged the tower. This historical building was quickly reduced to ashes, leaving only a few thousand kilograms of bronze tripod with treasure cover. The problem of rebuilding the Yellow Crane Tower was raised as early as the decision to build the Yangtze River Bridge in the early days of the People's Republic of China. After decades of repeated research and preparation, the Yellow Crane Tower reconstruction project finally broke ground in July 198 1 and was completed at the end of 1984, just before the last Yellow Crane Tower was destroyed 100. The rebuilt Yellow Crane Tower is located on the Shanxi slope of the senior official at the western end of Snake Mountain, facing the gate of Wuchang Old Town and crossing the Yangtze River Bridge in Beijing-Guangzhou. The new building has five floors, with a height of 5 1.4m and an antique reinforced concrete structure. Although it is farther away from the river than the former site of the Yellow Crane Tower, the Yellow Crane Tower has unprecedented and unparalleled scenery because of its towering peaks, majestic momentum and broad vision. This famous building is full of legends, which makes it even more magical. According to Lu, the Yellow Crane Tower was originally a hotel opened by the Xin family. Before leaving, a Taoist drew a crane on the wall, thanking her for her kindness and telling her that she could come down and dance for fun. From then on, the guests were full and the business was booming. 10 years later, the Taoist priest came back, Qu Di appeared, and the Taoist climbed the Yellow Crane and soared into the sky. In memory of the fairy who helped her get rich, Xin's family built a building in her place and named it "Yellow Crane Tower". The above are of course myths and legends. During the Three Kingdoms period, the buildings on the top of Linjiang Mountain were originally built for military needs, and later gradually became a tourist attraction for literati to meet, entertain guests, make friends, recite poems and enjoy the scenery. Celebrities of past dynasties, such as Cui Hao, Li Bai, Bai Juyi, Jia Dao, Xia Song, Lu You, etc. , has been here, poetry as fu. Cui Hao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, boarded the Yellow Crane Tower to enjoy the scenery and wrote a masterpiece handed down from generation to generation: "In ancient times, yellow cranes carried saints to heaven, but today there is no Yellow Crane Tower. The yellow crane never revisited earth, there have been no long white clouds for thousands of years. Every tree in Hanyang has become clear due to sunlight, and Nautilus Island is covered with sweet grass. But I looked home, the twilight was getting thicker, and the mist of sadness was filled on the river waves. " Later, Li Bai also boarded the Yellow Crane Tower and looked at Chutian. He is open-minded and poetic. When he was about to start writing poems, he saw Cui Hao's poems. He was ashamed and had to say, "There is a beautiful scenery ahead, and Cui Hao's poems are on it." Cui Hao wrote poems, while Li Bai put pen to paper. Since then, he has gained great fame. 1957 When the Wuchang approach bridge of the Yangtze River Bridge was built, the former site of the Yellow Crane Tower was occupied, and now the reconstructed Yellow Crane Tower is located at Sheshanfengling, which is about 1 km away from the former site. The ancient Yellow Crane Tower "has three floors, with a height of 9 feet 2 feet and a copper roof of 7 feet, * * * becomes the number of 99." The new building is more magnificent, with a 5-meter-high gourd-shaped treasure top. The building has five floors and is 50.4 meters high, nearly 20 meters higher than the Drum Tower. The pyramid-shaped roof, with layers of cornices, looks like one. There are other buildings around the main building, such as victory tower, stele gallery and mountain gate. The whole building has a unique national style. The ground floor of Gu Lou is "15m wide" and the ground floor of the new building is 30m wide. Therefore, the Yellow Crane Tower is not a restoration, but a reconstruction. It retains some characteristics of Gu Lou, but it is more designed according to the current needs and the changes of people's aesthetic standards. The new Yellow Crane Tower is more spectacular than the old one. This is because the Yangtze River Bridge, which flies across the river, is in front of us, opposite the 24-story Qingchuan Hotel. This group of buildings complement each other and add a lot of color to Jiangcheng Wuhan. Inside the Yellow Crane Tower, layers of styles are different. The ground floor is a large and spacious hall, with caissons as high as 10 meters in the middle. On the front wall is a huge ceramic mural of "White Clouds and Yellow Crane", and couplets up to 7 meters long are hung on the columns on both sides: cool and refreshing, clouds and clouds are comfortable; A river gone forever, the waves washed away the troubles of the past and present. The architectural feature of the Yellow Crane Tower is that the roofs of each floor are staggered and overlapped, and the corners are tilted, as if the crane wings spread their wings. Crane painting is the main part inside and outside the building, with moire, flowers, dragons and phoenixes as the foil. The front wall of the lobby on the first floor is a huge ceramic mural with the theme of "White Clouds and Yellow Crane". The surrounding space shows important documents about the Yellow Crane Tower in past dynasties, landscape prints of famous poems, and replicas of paintings of the Yellow Crane Tower in past dynasties. On the front wall of the hall on the second floor, the marble of Yellow Crane Tower written by Yan in Tang Dynasty is engraved, describing the rise and fall of the Yellow Crane Tower and anecdotes of celebrities. There are two murals on both sides of Lou Ji, one is "Sun Quan built a city", which vividly illustrates the birth history of the Yellow Crane Tower and Wuchang City; The other is Zhou Yu's Banquet, which reflects the celebrity activities from the Three Kingdoms to the Yellow Crane Tower. The murals in the lobby on the third floor are "Xiu Xiang paintings" by Cui Hao, Li Bai, Bai Juyi and other famous people in Tang and Song Dynasties, and there are also excerpts from their famous sentences chanting the Yellow Crane Tower. The hall on the fourth floor is divided into several small halls with screens, and contemporary celebrity calligraphy and painting are built in for tourists to enjoy and buy. There are long scrolls and murals such as the Map of the Yangtze River in the top hall. Walking out of the outer corridor of the fifth floor hall, you can look around and have a wide view. Nearly 90 meters above the river, the scenery on both sides of the strait is vivid and refreshing. The snake mountain area where the Yellow Crane Tower is located has been turned into the Yellow Crane Tower Park. Many flowers and trees have been planted, and some buildings such as archways, pavilions, corridors and so on. There is a poem tablet gallery, which contains many stones engraved with the works of famous poets in past dynasties. The ancient scenic spots around Sheshan will be restored one after another. The Yellow Crane Tower will become the symbol of Wuhan, the central city in central China. Edit this paragraph | Go back to the first 2. Four famous buildings in China: Yueyang Tower Yueyang Tower is located in an ancient cultural city with a long history, which was called Baling in ancient times. It is located in the north of Hunan Province, where the vast Dongting Lake and the Yangtze River stretching across Wan Li meet. Yueyang Tower, the first of the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, is located at the west gate of an ancient city born of water. Yueyang has mountains, water, buildings, picturesque scenery and many places of interest. The beauty of Yueyang scenery is concentrated in Dongting Lake, and the bell is on the first floor of Yueyang. Baling Scenic Area, centered on Yueyang Tower and Junshan Mountain, is well known. Known as "Dongting is the world's water and Yueyang is the world's building", it deserves to be called "Dongting is the world's water and Yueyang is the world's building". Yueyang Tower in Yueyang, Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang and Wang Tengting in Nanchang are collectively called "Three Famous Buildings in the South of the Yangtze River". Yueyang Tower stands on the east bank of Dongting Lake, on the wall of the west gate of Yueyang City, with the vast Dongting Lake in the west and the Yangtze River rolling eastward in the north. Shui Ying set each other off, known as "Dongting is the world's water and Yueyang is the world's building", and it is one of the famous tourist attractions in China. Yueyang Tower was built around 220 AD with a history of 1700 years. Its predecessor is said to be the Yuejun Tower of Lu Su, a general of Dongwu in the Three Kingdoms period, the Baling Tower in the Western Jin Dynasty and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, the South Tower in the early Tang Dynasty, and the Yueyang Tower only after Li Bai wrote poems in the middle Tang Dynasty. Yueyang Tower is 2 1.5m high, with three floors, cornices and pure wood structure. The roof is covered with yellow glazed tiles, which is dreamy in shape. The plaque of Yueyang Tower was written by Guo Moruo. Poets in history, such as Du Fu, Han Yu, Liu Yuxi, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin. , to visit the site, leaving many masterpieces, making Yueyang Tower famous all over the world. In a.d. 1045, Teng rebuilt Yueyang Tower in the spring of four years, and invited Fan Zhongyan, a good friend and writer, to write The Story of Yueyang Tower. Since then, Yueyang Tower has become more famous. The furnishings in Yueyang Tower are unique. Each floor is hung with couplets written by famous artists of all ages. There is a carved screen of Yueyang Tower on the first floor and the second floor, and the carved screen on the first floor is a replica of the 9th century A.D./KLOC-0. The carved screen embedded in the second floor was written by Zhang Zhao, a great calligrapher in18th century. It is a first-class treasure handed down from generation to generation with its square font, vigorous brushwork and changeable techniques. The carved screen on the third floor is Mao Zedong Du Fu's poem "Climbing Yueyang Tower", with bold brushwork and both form and spirit. The carved screen is dazzling with golden light. 1988 Yueyang Tower was announced by the State Council as a national key cultural relics protection unit. Yueyang Tower has experienced many vicissitudes, and it has been destroyed and repaired repeatedly. The Yueyang Tower we see now was rebuilt in the sixth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1867). The whole building can be summarized in eight words: pure wood with four columns and three floors. The main building of Yueyang Tower is three stories high, with a height of15m. It is supported by four big nanmu trees in the middle, surrounded by 12 columns, and surrounded by 30 wooden columns. The whole building is integrated, without a nail or a giant beam. 12 high-toothed cornice (like a bird's beak pecking at high altitude). The roof is yellow glazed tile, resplendent and magnificent. The curve is smooth, steep and upturned, just like the helmet of an ancient warrior, called the helmet top. The wishful bucket arch under the helmet is as delicate as a honeycomb. According to ancient records, Yueyang Tower, an ancient building with "pure wood structure and helmet roof", fully shows the unique style and brilliant achievements of ancient architectural art in China. Let's talk about folk stories. Due to its long history and important position, Yueyang Tower's architecture (as well as many times of destruction and repair) is exquisite, with a rich collection of humanities in past dynasties. Therefore, there are many legends and stories about Yueyang Tower circulating in Yueyang and Dongting Lake, which have various social values. Among them, there are famous craftsmen and immortals such as Lu Ban, Zhang, etc. who built Yueyang Tower; About the origin of Yueyang Tower, there are Lu Su military parade platform and Yueyang Tower. Regarding the carved screen of Yueyang Tower, there are "Zhang Zhao Title Screen" and "True and False Carved Screen"; Regarding the amorous feelings of Yueyang Tower, the most famous ones are Lv Dongbin Sanzui Yueyang Tower and Langyin Pavilion. If the legends about the scenery near Yueyang Tower are included, then there are Meixi Bridge, Jinque Mountain, Liu Yijing, Seventy-two Fairy Snails as Junshan, Second Concubine Tomb, Junshan Mountain and Secretariat History. It can be seen that there are so many legends and stories about Yueyang Tower, and the style displayed is so beautiful. Edit this paragraph | Go back to the first 3. Four famous buildings in China: Tengwangge Tengwangge stands proudly on the bank of Ganjiang River. It is an ancient and famous pavilion, known as "the first building of Xijiang River". Wang Teng Pavilion is named after Wang Teng Li Yuanying. Li Yuanying, the twenty-second son of Tang Gaozu, Tang Gaozu, and Li Shimin's younger brother, was made King Teng in June of the 13th year of Zhenguan (639), and later moved to Hongzhou (Nanchang) as governor. He made no achievements in Nanchang. It was only four years (653) that Tang Yonghui built a tower on the banks of the Ganjiang River in the west of the city, named "Wang Tengting". Wang Tengting, Yellow Crane Tower, Yueyang Tower and Penglai Pavilion are also known as the four famous buildings in China. Wang Tengge is a place where feudal literati and officials entertain guests. Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, also gave a banquet in the pavilion, ordering ministers and scholars to compose poems and lyrics and watch the lights. Wang Tengting was built more than 65,438+0,300 years ago and has undergone 28 renovations. During the Jingtai period of the Ming Dynasty (AD 65,438+0,450-65,438+0,456), the governor ordered Han Yong to rebuild it, with a scale of three floors, 27 meters high and 65,438+0.4 meters wide. 1926 During the warlord melee, it was set on fire by Beiyang warlord Deng Ruzhuo. After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), the Jiangxi Provincial Government rebuilt the Wang Teng Pavilion. Today's Wang Teng Pavilion is nine floors underground, 57.5 meters high and covers an area of 47,000 square meters. Simple and elegant, magnificent, with three floors bright and seven floors dark, plus two floors base, nine floors bright, green glazed tiles, gold-plated double eaves, carved pavilions and vermicelli columns. There are two pavilions "Jiangyang" and "Cui Yi" on the north and south sides of the main building, which are connected with the main building. In addition to the main pavilion, there are gardens, rockeries, pavilions, lotus ponds and other buildings, which are far superior to the four pavilions in previous dynasties in both height and area, and greatly surpass the Yellow Crane Tower and Yueyang Tower, and still rank first among the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River. Wang Teng Pavilion has become an important tourist attraction in Nanchang and Jiangxi. Today, as one of the "three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River", Wang Tengting is more magnificent than the building built more than 1300 years ago, which fully shows the momentum of "flying pavilions and flowing Dan, no land under them"; There are many halls with antique buildings, which are used as performance halls or exhibition halls for ancient music, songs and dances and traditional operas. Climbing the stairs, Nanchang has a panoramic view. Tengwangge enjoys a high reputation, which is largely attributed to a well-known essay "Preface to Tengwangge". According to legend, Wang Bo, a poet at that time, visited relatives and friends and passed by Nanchang, just in time to rebuild Wang Tengting, the governor of Yan, and gave a big banquet in the pavilion. Wang Bo wrote this article "Preface to Wang Tengting's Autumn Farewell" on the spot (namely "Preface to Wang Tengting"). After Wang Bo finished writing, Wang Zhongshu wrote again, and Wang Xu wrote again, which is called "Three Kings" in history. Since then, the order has been named after the pavilion, and the pavilion has been named after the order. Tengwang Pavilion stands in the west of Nanchang, beside the Ganjiang River. Walking into the new exhibition hall is like being in an art hall with the theme of Wang Teng Pavilion. In the main hall on the first floor, there is a large-scale white marble relief, "Time turns, the wind sends Wang Tengting", which skillfully integrates Wang Tengting's touching legend with historical facts. The main hall on the second floor is a 23.90*2.55-meter-long large-scale meticulous mural Portrait of People, which depicts 80 leading celebrities in Jiangxi from Qin Dynasty to Ming Dynasty. This is a double gem with the fourth floor of the "Earth Spirit Map" which shows the essence of Jiangxi mountains and rivers, which makes people sigh. The fifth floor is the best position near the railing. Entering the hall, Su Dongpo's masterpiece "Preface to Wang Tengting" is just around the corner. Each floor has a theme, which is also related to the exhibition hall. The two most famous sentences in Preface to Wang Tengting are "The sunset is lonely in Qi Fei, and the autumn water is * * * the sky is one color!" , which has been used as a giant couplet at the main entrance of the main hall. After the late autumn, there will be thousands of migratory birds flying around in Poyang Lake area, which will form a vivid picture of "Lonely sunset in Qi Fei, autumn waters and one color in the sky" and become a great attraction of Wang Teng Pavilion.