Chinese basic induction = =, OK, plus 100.

1 Essentials of Narrative Stylistic Knowledge (1) An article with narrative as its main expression is called narrative. Its language features are vivid and vivid. (2) The life reflected in the work and the author's view on life are the center of narrative, also called the central idea. The central idea is expressed through people, things, scenery and things. Therefore, narrative. Focus. (3) There are several narrative sequences: chronological sequence, flashback and insertion. Usually, the narrative process is based on the occurrence and development of events. Flashback, mention the end of the event or the most prominent fragment at the beginning of the article, and then write the event in chronological order. Interpolation: In the narrative process, it is sometimes necessary to insert other relevant plots, and then describe the original events. Materials related to the center, but not very important, should be omitted; Materials unrelated to the center should be discarded. In this way, the center of narrative can be concentrated, distinct and prominent. (5) Common narrative style: the spread of specific reports on typical characters and deeds in real life. Close-ups describing real people and stories with written language and literary skills. Describe the scenery of mountains and rivers and write travel notes based on travel experiences. Memoirs, biographies, interviews, etc This is the same as recalling me or my life experience and social activities. Make necessary processing for the written content to make the article central, vivid and ingenious. (6) Close-up is a style of reportage, which intercepts a certain segment of a certain person or event and describes it in detail. (7) Biographies are generally divided into two categories: one is to describe one's own life; One is to tell other people's lives. The main feature of biography is factual record, which requires seeking truth from facts and does not allow fiction and exaggeration. Biography is mainly narrative in the form of expression, and it can also be appropriately inserted with discussion and description. The order of biographical narration is generally chronological. The difference between a character and a character story is that a character story only needs to specifically write an event or a few things about the character. Biography requires writing the place of birth, date of birth, main experience, etc. The difference between complexity and simplicity of autobiography is that autobiography can be written in different ways according to needs, and it can be written about all one's experiences or one's experiences in a certain period. 2 Essentials of Stylistic Knowledge of Explanatory Writing (1) An article that takes explanation as the main expression and explains things according to certain requirements is called an expository writing. The language features of expository writing are accuracy, plainness and conciseness. (2) The premise of explaining things is to grasp the characteristics of things. The so-called characteristics are the signs that distinguish things. (3) The explanatory order of explanatory text is: spatial order, chronological order and logical order. (There are general statements followed by secondary statements, first major and then secondary, first cause and consequence, from phenomenon to essence, from performance to function, etc. (4) Common methods of explanation are: classification, explanation, example, analogy, comparison, figures and charts. (5) Explanatory texts can be divided into two categories according to objects and contents: explaining physical things and explaining abstract things. According to the writing methods and expressions, expository writing can be divided into plain expository writing and literary expository writing. (6) The difference between plain discourse and literary discourse is that plain discourse is pure expression, with concise language and specific content, which makes people understand after reading it. For example, various natural science textbooks. Scientific and technological information, experimental reports, manuals, etc. Literary exposition focuses on explanation, supplemented by narrative, description, lyric and other forms of expression, and often uses some rhetorical methods to introduce or explain things vividly, so that readers can enjoy art while gaining knowledge. This kind of discussion is usually called a sketch of knowledge or a sketch of science. (7) The difference between description and narrative in expository text: A has different purposes: the description in narrative text is to "make people feel something"; The description of explanatory text is to "make people know" that B narrative text can use various description methods to play a variety of roles according to the needs of the central idea. Descriptive writing can only describe the characteristics of things in the process of explaining things with the help of certain visual techniques, mainly to make the characteristics of the things explained more concrete and vivid. C. The description in narrative can give full play to the role of artistic imagination, exaggeration and rendering, while the description in expository can be dealt with on the premise of seeking truth from facts and be vivid and true. Three knowledge points of argumentative writing style (1) Argumentative writing is indispensable in life, reasoning and expressing opinions are discussion. An article with argumentation as its main expression is an argumentative essay. (2) Arguments always put forward opinions or propositions, which are arguments. The materials used to prove arguments are arguments, and the process of proving arguments with arguments is the process of argumentation. (3) There are two kinds of materials used to prove arguments: factual materials (factual arguments) are conclusive examples; Historical facts; Statistics, etc. Theoretical materials (arguments) are famous sayings of celebrities; Epigram; Motto; Scientific principles; Natural laws; Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought. (4) The basic structure of argumentative writing: asking questions; Analyze the problem; Solve the problem. The basic argumentation method of argumentative writing: putting facts and reasoning. Argumentation: argumentation, refutation. The so-called argument is to state your views positively. Refutation is to refute the wrong point of view. (5) The writing characteristics of argumentative essays on one topic and one discussion: take things as an example to comment and explain the truth on the matter. And from "things" to discussion. It is necessary to sort out and grasp the connection point between the two before we can have a logical discussion, which is the key to "one thing, one discussion" (6) The common styles of argumentative writing are as follows: editorials, comments, academic papers, special discussions, miscellaneous feelings, essays, speeches and letters focusing on 1 Among the above styles, there are theories and literature.

Argumentative stylistic knowledge

1. The three elements of argumentative writing are argument, argument and argumentation. Argumentation is the soul of argumentative writing.

2. Argument is the author's views and opinions on the issues discussed. Argumentative essays generally have only one central argument, and some also put forward several sub-arguments around the central argument to prove or supplement the central argument.

3. Grasping the arguments of argumentative essays can generally start from three aspects:

First, examine the questions. Some argumentative essays are the arguments of the article itself; Some argumentative essays, although the title is not the argument of the article, show the theme of the article and provide clues for grasping the argument of the article.

Second, find the central sentence. Argumentative papers often have statements at the beginning or end, indicating the author's attitude towards the issues under discussion. This statement is the argument of the article. Sometimes, this central sentence will appear in the middle of the article.

Third, refining and induction. That is to find out the author's basic attitude towards the topic, and then summarize it accordingly. If the article discusses several sub-arguments, it will be collected appropriately and expressed in complete and clear sentences.

The central argument is generally put forward in the following situations:

The title of 1 is the central argument. 2. At the beginning of the article, the central argument is put forward. 3. The central argument appears at the end of the article. 4. The central argument was put forward in the discussion.

Argument statement:

Some argumentative arguments are expressed in clear sentences in the article, and we just need to find them out; Others are not directly expressed in clear sentences and need to be refined and summarized by readers themselves.

Pay attention to the proposition and establishment of the argument:

① correctness. The persuasiveness of an argument is rooted in the correct reflection of objective things, and the correct reflection of objective things depends on whether the author's position, viewpoint, attitude and method are correct. If the argument itself is incorrect or even a lie, then no matter how it is argued, it can't be convincing.

② Significance. What is for and what is against should be very clear, not ambiguous.

3 novelty. Arguments should be as original and profound as possible, and can transcend other people's views. They should not repeat other people's cliches, nor should they be irrelevant and superficial. They should be as novel and unique as possible.

4. Arguments are materials used to prove and support arguments in argumentative essays.

Reasoning argument and fact argument are two basic forms of argument. Factual arguments refer to representative and conclusive cases, historical facts and statistical data. Rational arguments refer to the theories of revolutionary instructors, speeches of celebrities, theorems in scientific fields and common sense in life, which have been verified by practice and their correctness has been recognized by people. Arguments and arguments in argumentative essays are closely related. Is the relationship between proof and being proved.

When reading an argumentative essay, we should first analyze the facts provided by the author, see the truth from the facts, and then check whether it is logically consistent with the argument of the article.

5. When reading argumentative essays, we should also grasp the arguments. Arguments and arguments in argumentative essays are organized through argumentation.

(1) What is argument? Argumentation is the process of proving an argument with arguments. The argument of argument is to solve "what to prove", the argument is to solve "what to prove" and the argument is to solve the problem of "how to prove". The purpose of argument is to reveal the internal logical relationship between arguments.

(2) Argument method: divided into argument and refutation. (1) argument is a way to prove the correctness of the author's own argument with sufficient arguments; (2) Refutation is a way to refute others' wrong arguments with strong arguments. Argumentation and refutation are proofs, one is to prove oneself right from the front, and the other is to prove oneself wrong from the back. They can use basically the same argument method.

(3) There are various argumentation methods, such as example argumentation, reason argumentation, contrast argumentation, metaphor argumentation, etc.

1) Illustration: Give conclusive, sufficient and representative examples to prove the argument. "Facts speak louder than words" is a commonly used argument method.

2) Reasoning: use the incisive insights in the classic works of Marxism-Leninism, epigrams in ancient and modern Chinese and foreign masterpieces, and formulas of accepted theorems to prove the argument;

3) Comparative argument: compare the positive and negative arguments or arguments, and prove the arguments in comparison;

4) Metaphorical argument: Prove an argument with superficial or familiar things.

6. The basic structure of argumentative writing is to ask questions-analyze problems-solve problems, which can be divided into two categories: one is "horizontal". You have 1 "general theory-sub-theory-general theory" 2 "general theory-sub-theory" 3 "sub-theory-general theory". The "vertical" structure is mainly layered and deep.

7. Argumentative language: accurate, rigorous, accurate, general and logical.

The set of solved problems is reproduced in QQ space about the knowledge of novel style.

[Label: Novel, Style and Knowledge] If you have any questions, please answer them as soon as possible. Thank you! ! Cool soldier replied: 2 popularity: 2 solution time: 2009-11-25 21:26.

Satisfied answer: novel stylistic knowledge

The novel focuses on portraying characters and reflects social life through story narration and environmental description. A novel must have three elements: vivid characters, a complete story and the specific environment in which the characters move. Among them, the character image is the main element.

First, the character description

1. The description methods of people in novels mainly include appearance description, action description, language description, psychological description and expression description.

2. It is a portrait (appearance) that depicts the appearance, expression, posture and clothing of a character.

3. It is the language that describes the dialogue, monologue and tone of characters.

4. From the perspective of description, the methods of character description can also be divided into: positive description and profile description, also known as direct description and indirect description.

Two. Character image

1. The three elements of the novel are (vivid) character image, (complete) story plot and (character activity) environment description.

2. Among the characters created in the novel, the one who embodies the author's creative intention and the theme of the work is the central figure of the novel, also known as the protagonist.

3. The core of character image is the thought and character shown by the character. Only by analyzing the characters in the novel can the theme of the novel be well analyzed.

Three. storyline

The storyline is the whole process of the development and evolution of the life events described in the works. The plot of a novel can generally be divided into four parts: beginning, development, climax and ending. Some novels also have orderly words and endings.

1. The beginning is the first contradiction and conflict reflected in the work.

2. Development is the evolution process of contradictions and conflicts in works from unfolding to intensification.

3. The climax is the key moment to decide the fate of both sides of the contradiction, and the main contradiction is about to be solved. It is the stage when the contradiction reaches its peak and the characters' thoughts are the most tense, exciting and sharp.

4. The ending is that the contradiction is solved, the development of characters has been completed, the event has the final result, and the theme is fully displayed, which is the inevitable result of the development of the plot.

Four. Environmental description

1. Environmental description is a description of people's activity environment and event background, including natural environment description and social environment description.

2. Natural environment description, also known as scenery description, mainly describes the time, place, season, climate, flowers, birds, fish and insects of human activities.

3. The description of social environment mainly describes the specific environment, place, atmosphere and interpersonal relationship of people's activities.

4. The main functions of environmental description are:

(1) State the time and place where it happened. Provide a specific background for role activities.

(2) Render the atmosphere and contrast the characters.

(3) Some environmental descriptions can also promote the development of the plot.

Verb (abbreviation for verb) role description

Description of appearance, psychological description, action description, language description, expression description and detail description.

First, the characteristics of prose

Content: The author expresses his understanding of life or profound life experience through things, remembering people and writing scenes. The so-called self-perception is to discover and understand the special meaning and beauty of things.

Formally: (1) personal lyricism is the mainstay, combining lyricism, narration and discussion; (2) Starting from the details, seeing the big from the small; (3) Suggest from the side and give full play to the reader's imagination; (4) Freedom of writing and flexible structure.

To sum up the above two points: "The shape is scattered and the spirit is scattered." When reading prose, we should grasp the "spirit" through "form", understand the thoughts and feelings that the author wants to express, grasp the structure and clues (context) of the article, and pay attention to appreciating beautiful language.

Second, the classification of prose.

According to the different emphasis of expression, prose is generally divided into narrative prose, lyric prose and philosophical prose.

Narrative prose: prose mainly about writing people and taking notes. This kind of prose describes people and things concretely and prominently, and at the same time expresses the author's understanding and feelings, with strong lyrical elements. It focuses on reflecting the essence of things from the process of describing the development and changes of people and things, including time, place, people and other factors, selecting materials from one angle and expressing the author's feelings.

Lyric prose: Lyric prose mainly expresses the author's feelings, passions and wishes about real life. What kind of feelings and how to express them in lyric prose have a lot to do with whether the ideological significance revealed in the article is profound or not. The "emotion" in lyric prose is not empty, but well-founded. In other words, there are always some people, events or scenery as the object of the article. Through the narration or description of them, we can express our feelings and feelings about things.

Philosophical Prose: Prose based on reasoning. Its reasoning is often carried out with the help of the brief description of the case, image description and emotional expression, which is very literary. The author often makes sense by describing ancient and modern stories, flowers, birds, insects and fish, which is interesting and full of emotion.

The general method of prose reading: (1) What materials should be sorted out and what is the central idea. (2) Look at the "combination point" of "form" and "spirit", that is, grasp the clues of prose. (3) Look at the order in which the author organizes the materials and choose what angle. (4) Taste the language of prose.

Poetic stylistic knowledge

Ancient Poems Ancient poems generally refer to China's ancient poems. From ancient ballads, the Book of Songs, songs of Chu, poems of Tang and Song Dynasties to poems of Ming and Qing Dynasties, they can all be widely called ancient poems.

Classical poetry is different from the "modern poetry" after the Tang Dynasty (that is, regular poems and quatrains), including four-character poems, five-character poems, six-character poems, seven-character poems, poems with unlimited words and expressions, free rhyme and eclecticism.

Classical poetry, in some poets' works, is also called "ancient style". Therefore, ancient poetry can also be called "ancient style".

Old poems and old poems are for new poems. Generally speaking, it refers to ancient poems before the appearance of new poems and poems written in the form of ancient poems after the appearance of new poems.

Old-style poetry is different from new-style poetry. It is written in the form of old poems. It can take the form of ancient poetry, modern poetry and even Sao poetry. So it is not a concept with "ancient poetry".

A form of China's ancient poetry. It is characterized by only four words in each sentence. There is no limit to the number of sentences. The most popular era of four-character poems is the pre-Qin era. Many poems in The Book of Songs are in the form of four-character poems. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, many poets created works with four-character poems, such as Cao Cao's masterpieces A Short Song, Watching the Sea, and Although Returning to Life, which were all excellent works. After the Tang Dynasty, five-character and seven-character poems rose and occupied China poetry circles, and only a few writers supported them.

Five-character poem is a poetic style in China's classical poems. It is characterized by five words per sentence (that is, five words), including five-character ancient poems, five-character rhythmic poems and five-character quatrains.

Five-character poems, whether before or after the Tang Dynasty, are collectively called five-character ancient poems. It is different from five-character metrical poems and quatrains, and is not limited to the number of sentences, nor does it talk about flat and level confrontation.

Five-character poems appeared earlier in China, but they really took shape between Han and Wei Dynasties. The representative works of early five-character poems include the famous Nineteen Ancient Poems and Peacock Flying Southeast. Most of the famous works of "Jian 'an Seven Sons" are written in the form of five-character poems.

Seven-character poem is a poetic style of China's classical poems. It is characterized by seven words per sentence (that is, seven words), including seven-character ancient poems, seven-character metrical poems and seven-character quatrains.

All seven-character poems that do not belong to seven-character poems and seven-character quatrains are called seven-character ancient poems. It is different from the seven-character verse and the seven-character quatrain. It is not limited to the number of sentences, nor does it talk about even words and antithesis.

During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, some excellent seven-character poems appeared in China, such as Ge Yanxing by Cao Pi and Always in My Heart by Jiang Zong. However, seven-character poems prevailed in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and Zhang's moonlit night on the riverside in the early Tang Dynasty fully showed the maturity of seven-character poems.

Modern Poetry Modern poetry is for classical poetry. It refers to a new style of metrical poems, namely metrical poems and quatrains, during the Sui and Tang Dynasties. Including five-character poems, five-character quatrains, seven-character poems, seven-character quatrains and arranger.

Modern poetry is different from classical poetry. Each poem has a fixed number of sentences (except arrangement) and a fixed number of words, as well as the rules of linking and antithesis between two sentences. This is a poetic style with strict meter.

Rhyme is a kind of modern poetry. Poems written according to certain rules. Metric poetry has two main characteristics: first, try to make the flat lines in the sentence alternate, so that the flat lines in the previous sentence and the flat lines in the latter sentence are opposite (that is, opposite); The second is to use antithesis as much as possible, and always take antithesis as the principle except the first two sentences and the last two sentences.

There are three kinds of regular poems: seven-character regular poems, five-character regular poems and regular poems (also called long poems).

One of the five-character poems. It has the following requirements in form:

(a) each sentence is five words, the whole poem is eight sentences, and * * * forty words.

(2) As a positive example, two, four, six and eight sentences are rhymed; Change, the first sentence also rhymes.

(3) The middle four sentences also require two-on-two confrontation.

(4) The whole poem also has two formats.

A, Xu Qi style:

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

(If the first sentence rhymes, it means "flat")

B, flat type:

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

(If the first sentence rhymes, it means "flat and even")

One of the seven-character poems. It has the following requirements in form:

(a) each sentence can only have seven words, the whole poem can only have eight sentences, the whole poem * * * 56 words.

(2) As a positive example, the first, second, fourth, sixth and eighth rhymes are required; For example, the first sentence can rhyme.

(3) The middle four sentences, namely, three, four, five and six, must be antagonistic.

(4) Every word in the whole poem has a certain format.

A, flat format is:

Flat and light, flat and light.

Flat and light, flat and light.

Plain, plain, plain.

Flat and light, flat and light.

(If the first sentence doesn't rhyme, it means: "Flat and even")

B. the format of the promotion type is:

Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.

Plain, plain, plain.

Flat and light, flat and light.

Plain, plain, plain.

(If the first sentence doesn't rhyme, it is "flat")

A kind of metrical poem. That is, more than ten knots. Also known as the Dragon Law. All laws are based on common rhymes. It's just that the number of sentences is longer than a five-character seven-character poem. Generally speaking, the arranged rhymes are integers, such as ten rhymes, twenty rhymes, fifty rhymes and one hundred rhymes. So the arranged sentences are even. For example, Du Fu's "Going to Feng County to Love", 100 rhyme, 200 sentences; Liu Yuxi's Wuling Shuhuai has 50 rhymes 100 sentences. Generally speaking, the arrangement of laws is two to two from the beginning, and only the last two sentences are wrong. Occasionally, two sentences are wrong.

One of the quatrains in modern poetry. There are only four sentences in each song. It is divided into five-character quatrains and seven-character quatrains.

Five-character quatrains, five words per sentence, two crosses in the whole poem; Seven-character quatrains, seven words for each sentence, and 28 poems.

The rhyme of quatrains includes the first sentence, that is, one, two or four sentences; The first sentence has no rhyme, that is, two or four sentences enter rhyme.

There are four kinds of flat lines of quatrains, the most common of which are the flat lines of the first and second couplet (that is, one, two, seven and eight sentences); Secondly, the flat format in the second half of the metrical poem (namely, five, six, seven and eight sentences) and the two couplets of the metrical poem (namely, three, four, five and six sentences) are adopted; There are also flat and even rhymes that use the first half of metrical poems (that is, one sentence, two sentences, three sentences and four sentences), but they are rare.

Ci is a form of China's ancient poetry. It is a kind of metrical poem with long and short sentences and fixed words.

It is different from the poetry of near things, but its sentences can be long or short and uneven, unlike the poetry of near things.

The difference between it and ancient miscellaneous poems is that its total number of words is regulated, and long and short sentences also have meter, which is not as casual as miscellaneous poems.

Moreover, its rhyme and the level of words have certain rules, and the writing time needs to be filled in according to the requirements of the inscription. In fact, it is a kind of poem with stricter meter than modern poetry.

As a poetic style, Ci began to appear in Sui and Tang Dynasties, but it didn't become popular until Song Dynasty, replacing the status of modern poetry. Therefore, there is a saying of "Tang poetry and Song poetry".

Ququ is an art form that rose between Song and Yuan Dynasties. Including "Qu" as drama and "Qu" not as drama, that is, Sanqu.

As a drama, Qu has some tunes. The lyrics of the tune are poems, but Ke Bai (spoken language) is not a poem.

Sanqu is not a drama, it is a poetic lyric.

As a poem, the difference between "Qu" and "Poetry" is obvious. The difference between "Qu" and "Ci" mainly includes the following points:

First, the word of the word must be definite; The number of words in the song is not necessarily, you can add some tunes;

Secondly, the rhyme of words is roughly according to the rhyme of poetry, and rhyme is a separate rhyme part;

Thirdly, words are divided into four tones: flat, up, go and go, while words in songs are cancelled and divided into three tones: flat, up and go.

The number of poems and songs is divided into the number of poems and songs. Poetry is equal to a monotonous word, and the number of sets consists of several or dozens of tunes, which is close to modern poetry.

In the "Qu" as a drama, there are only sets, while there are both sets in Sanqu. For example, Ma Zhiyuan's Sanqu "Tianjingsha * Qiu Si" is a poem; Sui Sanqu "The Return of the Great-grandfather" is just a set of numbers. It is composed of whispering, playing with children, five coarse hairs, four coarse hairs, three coarse hairs, two coarse hairs, one coarse hair and ending.

Vernacular poetry. Free verse vernacular poetry is relative to China's classical poetry. It prevailed around the May 4th Movement. It not only abandons classical Chinese, but also adopts spoken vernacular as the language of poetry, and abandons the metrical form of classical poetry. It is free at will and does not stick to all metrical forms of poetry. Later it was also called free verse. During the May 4th Movement, Hu Shi and Yu Pingbo were the first people to advocate vernacular poetry, but their poems still had traces of the influence of the old-style poetry. In China's new poems, it is Guo Moruo who learns from the American liberal poet Whitman. Many of his poems in Goddess are typical of China's liberal poems.

Metric new poems are also called "new physique metrical poems" and "modern metrical poems". This is a new poetic style, as opposed to free verse. His advocates include Lu Zhiwei, the author of Crossing the River, Wen Yiduo, Zhu Xiang and Sun Dayu, who advocated the movement of new poetry form, and He Qifang, who advocated the establishment of modern metrical poetry after the 1950s.

At present, there is no fixed standard for the metrical style of new poetry. Judging from the existing metrical new poems, there are three differences between them and free verse: first, the number of lines in each chapter (paragraph) in a poem is the same; Second, the rhyme of each chapter has certain rules; Third, the stricter new-style verse, the number of meals per line, is basically neat.

Folk-song-style new poetry refers to the new poems written by new poets in folk-song style after the May 4th Movement. For example, Li Ji's Wang Gui and Li Xiangxiang, Zhang Zhimin's You Can't Die and Driving in the Wild. This kind of poetry adopts various forms of existing folk songs, and the language also has folk song style. Because of the various forms of folk songs, some sentences are neat and some sentences are irregular, so are the forms of folk-style new poems. The most common folk-style new poems are mostly in the form of folk songs similar to seven-character quatrains and the form of northern Shaanxi folk song "Xin Tian"

Sonnets Sonnets, also known as Shanglaiti. Originated in Italy and later became popular in Europe. After the May 4th Movement, it was transplanted into China's new poetic style.

Shang Lai style, intentionality and English style.

Italian fourteen lines, each line is divided into four paragraphs (that is, 4+4+3+3); The English style has fourteen lines, and each song is divided into two paragraphs (8+6) or four paragraphs (4+4+4+2).

Shanghai Laiti has certain requirements for the number of tones per line, including twelve tones, eleven tones and ten tones.

Many new poets in China imitate the Laiti, including Sun Dayu, Zhu Xiang, Dai Wangshu, Liang, Feng Zhi and Bian.

Prose Poetry Prose Poetry is a variant between poetry and prose. Its style of writing is free and lively, like flowing water, with an innate natural rhythm. Not arranged in rows, nor bound by phonology. It is characterized by poetic language and profound content, and there is no insurmountable gap with highly concise poetic prose. So some people classify it as prose.

Prose poetry was originally a variant of foreign poetry, and was transplanted to China after the May 4th Movement. Many new literature masters such as Lu Xun, Mao Dun and Zheng Zhenduo wrote many prose poems. Lu Xun's Weeds is a famous collection of prose poems in the history of modern literature.

Lyrics are literature with subjective feelings. All poems should be lyrical. What we usually call "lyric poetry" refers to those poems whose main purpose is to express the poet's feelings and feelings, rather than narrative. In this kind of poetry, people, scenery and things are often written, but these people, scenery and things are not the main body of the poem, but the material for the poet to express his feelings. Therefore, in lyric poetry, whether the poet appears directly in the poem or not, he is the protagonist in the poem.

Lyrics can be divided into political lyrics and general lyrics. Political lyric poetry captures the major themes related to the national economy and people's livelihood and expresses the poet's feelings about major social issues and events; Generally speaking, lyric poetry should be broader. Praise for love and friendship, praise for nature, and all kinds of joys and sorrows, joys and sorrows can be expressed in this kind of lyric poetry.

Narrative poem Narrative poem is a kind of poetic style narrated in the form of poem. It not only has the form and language of poetry, but also can adopt the arrangement of poetry, so that people can know it is poetry at a glance. However, its content focuses on describing and narrating people and things, and undertakes the task of narrative style such as novels. Therefore, some people call epic masterpieces in narrative poems "poetic novels". It is different from ordinary narrative works, emphasizing the combination of narration and lyricism in aesthetics and pursuing poetry in narration.

Narrative poems can be divided into long narrative poems and short narrative poems. Or a big narrative poem, a small narrative poem. Narrative poems can describe not only the real world of human beings, but also the fairy tale world and the animal world. Therefore, fairy tale poems and fable poems are also variants of narrative poems.

Fairy tales and fable poems are poems with fairy tales and fables as their themes. Formally, it has all the characteristics of poetry. Compared with ordinary fairy tales and fables, the language is more refined and easier to recite and remember. Especially children readers.

Fairy tale poems and fable poems have long been popular abroad. The famous Aesop's Fables was originally written in poetic style, and Pushkin also wrote The Story of the Fisherman and the Golden Fish in poetic style. Starting from Wu Si, China New Poetry School began to try this kind of poetry, and Ruan's Golden Conch is a famous fairy tale poem.

Satire poem Satire poem is a kind of poem with satire as its aesthetic purpose. In this poetic style, metaphor and exaggeration are often used to ridicule and attack unhealthy phenomena and stupid behaviors in society. It is a powerful weapon in the struggle against the enemy; It is a tool of people's criticism. A good satirical city can also be a fine work of art. There are many satirical poems in China's first book of poetry, The Book of Songs, and there are also many satirical poems in the history of world poetry, which are often praised, such as Mayakovski's Meeting Fans.