About the paper 200 points

A nation's eating habits are closely related to its cultural habits and personality.

French people have delicate feelings and romantic thoughts. Therefore, French catering is very particular.

French food culture is very long. Since Louis XIV, France's food diplomacy has been famous all over the world. In the heyday of the French banquet, 200 dishes could be served at a time. French favorite dishes are snails and frog legs, favorite dishes are cheese, the most expensive dishes are foie gras, and home cooking is fried steak with shredded potatoes. In addition, the French are the world's drinking champions, especially drinking wine.

France is one of the three cooking kingdoms in the world. The French pay attention to diet and are willing to spend money. French people don't like fish without scales, and they don't like spicy dishes. They generally like to eat delicious food that is a little raw and fresh. French people are generally happy to drink raw water (tap water) and are not used to drinking boiled water.

World-famous French cuisine, with its exquisite and luxurious taste, has swept the stomachs of diners all over the world. The French regard "eating" as a great pleasure in life. They think that food is not only a kind of enjoyment, but also an art. In the16th century, the French court had a set of exquisite food culture. After the French Revolution, with the court chefs living in the market, court cuisine began to take root among the people.

French cuisine attaches great importance to the use of "ingredients", and inferior materials can't make good dishes is a famous saying of French cuisine. However, the characteristics of French cuisine based on local materials make the tastes of the north and the south different, so "where to eat and what to eat in the season" is very important!

Sauce is the essence of French cuisine. Because of the importance attached to ingredients, the French use sauces to flavor without destroying the original flavor of ingredients. Good sauce can improve the flavor and taste of food itself, so how to prepare the best sauce depends on the chef's skill! In addition, French cuisine is also regarded as the most expressive cuisine of the chef, and every dish is the artistic creation of the chef.

Characteristics of French diet

Pay more attention to dinner. Love to drink wine, milk, black tea, etc. Go to a restaurant for coffee, fruit and ice cream. I like to eat beef and mutton, chicken, fish, shrimp, eggs and all kinds of sausages. I like all kinds of vegetables. I like to drink clear soup and eat fruit (especially pineapple).

When eating and drinking in a regular French restaurant, the collocation of tableware and wine utensils is meticulous. What kind of food to eat and what kind of knife and fork to use are very well studied, so everyone chooses two or three sets in front of them. The same is true for wine glasses, because the collocation of food and drink is an art here. It is customary to drink an aperitif before meals; During the meal, if you eat meat, you should match it with dry red wine; Eat seafood such as fish and shrimp and drink dry white wine; Some people also like to drink a little brandy and other spirits after meals. Use different glasses for each wine. Looking at the tall, thin glasses in front of you, is it really a drink? But the good thing is that I don't pay attention to deep feelings here. I'm bored. I let everyone talk while eating. Wine only plays the role of entertainment and atmosphere adjustment, but they raise their glasses frequently, but they all drink lightly enough. Keep a pleasant atmosphere at the table, but don't make too much noise.

French eating habits have the following characteristics:

1, pay attention to cooking temperature, pay attention to the freshness of dishes, and emphasize the quality of dishes.

2, taste: generally like fat, thick, fresh and tender, prefer sour, sweet and salty.

3, food: the staple food is rice or flour, love to eat snacks; Non-staple food likes to eat tender pork, mutton and beef, fish, shrimp, chicken, eggs, sausage and fresh vegetables, and occasionally likes to taste some novel foods, such as snails, earthworms and Malan. I like to use clove, pepper, coriander, garlic and tomato juice as seasoning.

4. Method of making: Preference is given to dishes made by cooking methods such as frying, frying, roasting, roasting and frying.

5. Recipe: I appreciate braised mandarin fish, Kung Pao diced meat, crispy fried chicken, fried shrimp balls, shredded chicken with silver buds, pineapple turkey, shredded apple and other flavor dishes.

6, water wine: wine hobbies, especially wine, rose wine, champagne and so on. Generally, people who don't drink or can't drink often drink beer; Usually their usual drinks are mineral water, soda water, orange juice and black tea or coffee.

7. Fruit: French people like fruits, especially pineapples. Apples, grapes and kiwis are also their favorite varieties: dried fruits such as raisins and sugar-fried chestnuts.

"The French will spend an hour tasting aperitif with some olives and biscuits before meals. When they really sit down to eat, they won't feel so hungry. " In addition, they had to pause countless times between meals. The relaxed and pleasant atmosphere during meals, as well as their taste and praise for food, all help them to relax and exercise.

French girls eat very little. The typical croissant baked in France weighs slightly more than 30 grams, while the croissant baked in the United States weighs nearly 60 grams. In other words, French girls are used to eating a small amount of food in their stomachs.

French women are very enthusiastic about dinner. Generally, they consume 60% of the total calories in a day before two o'clock in the afternoon, and then they have a simple dinner. In China, people often go hungry all day, but at dinner, they eat well and are full. Because the French are very satisfied with their lunch, they don't need to eat snacks at any time, which also helps to control their weight.

The French pay no less attention to food than China. They often talk about how good they eat in which restaurant and what new restaurant is opened in which street. They have to eat once. They are also very open in the culture of accepting food. As long as it is delicious, Italian, Spanish, North African and China, they will accept it. But when it comes to French food, it is definitely "I belong to it". Only when you are with China people will you show a little humility and say, "Chinese food in our French cuisine is the two most famous diets in the world". Look, you want to be on an equal footing with Chinese food.

The French not only pay attention to the content of food, but also pay attention to the environment and taste of food.

Besides dogs and cats, there are many kinds of meat, such as snails, frog legs, horse meat and general traditional meat. Not to mention seafood: oysters, lobsters, crayfish, spider crabs, all kinds of seashells; Fish are mainly marine fish. The most popular fish are sea bream, wolf fish, sole fish, turbot and some fish whose names cannot be translated. Eating smoked salmon is one of Christmas traditions. People who can hunt also pay attention to eating snipe. Sniper is a kind of bird, but it is covered with meat and its meat is extremely fresh and tender.

Meat is mostly stewed, roasted and fried. Generally speaking, they don't have the concept of "frying", just a prelude to cooking. Therefore, French food can be prepared in advance, unlike Chinese food, which is always cooked at the last minute and kept fresh and tender. The condiments they use are basically some "grass", such as shallots, thyme, coriander and laurel. Just as Chinese food is not only seasoned with soy sauce and vinegar, French food also has many seasonings, such as butter, milk, cream and eggs. It can also be made into various flavors, depending on how to choose and how to operate. The most representative way to eat steak is frying, which is divided into three States. The first kind is not ripe, only for a few seconds, and it is still bloody after cutting. Some people will eat, and China people will be afraid; Second, it was bloody and exploded for more than ten seconds; The third kind is basically mature. Choose the desired state according to everyone's taste when eating.

French people never eat as much green vegetables as China people, and most of them are eaten raw. Everything else is western food: big and tasteless, just adapted to the French way of eating. People gradually use some exotic condiments, such as curry and ginger. The French believe that ginger has an aphrodisiac effect, so it is very easy to accept. In addition, Chinese cabbage and bean sprouts have also become popular. Their approach to vegetables is just the opposite of Chinese food, and there is no intermediate state: eat them raw or cooked. There are all kinds of lettuce, sweet carrots, tomatoes and cucumbers eaten raw. Like boiled, there are spinach puree or smoldering all kinds of vegetables, even lentils are boiled soft.

Candies are even more varied. You should buy everything that makes your mouth water and try it. The condiments for making candy are nothing more than butter, cream, milk, flour, eggs and sugar. If you add all kinds of fruits or chocolates or herbs, you will make different styles of cakes. Some fans mostly make their own snacks at home, which is no worse or even better than what they buy outside.

Pay attention to the atmosphere and decoration of the living room when eating. The host must carefully decorate the living room in advance, insert flowers, put soft lights at night, spread hot tablecloths and cloth napkins on the big dining table, and then put exquisite porcelain tableware. The best porcelain is limoges. White fine porcelain is decorated with delicate patterns and the color is just right. A cultured person should put a silver knife and fork and a crystal cup. Wine glasses vary from one to three according to the situation of each family. Generally, there are two, including wine glasses and water cups, and three are considered for red liquor. In case of important occasions, champagne should be opened after dinner, and another glass is needed. By the way, French champagne is sparkling white wine produced in the champagne area, which is different from small champagne in China. When invited by the French, don't think that "some champagne is enough", because this kind of wine is really not casually drunk.

Watch the tableware. People who have seen the movie Titanic must have gained something. At first glance, they were really shocked: there were three or four pairs of knives and forks on both sides of the plate, and there were three cups of different sizes. That's the most exquisite one. Usually one or two knives and forks are enough. If eating seafood is lively and all kinds of tools are available, you will feel sorry for them if you don't do it for a long time. The general rule is to start with the outermost knife and fork when serving, take it back when using it, and it will be easy to handle later. Large cups are used for drinking water, while others are used for holding red wine and white wine. The big spoon is only used for drinking soup or public places; Small spoons can be divided into candy and coffee, the latter is one size smaller than the former. If you eat at home, you can wash the pots, bowls, cups and spoons after such a meal. Fortunately, someone invented the dishwasher.

The procedure of eating is: drink aperitif first, mainly alcohol with high alcohol concentration, and eat some small salty biscuits at the same time, which is equivalent to adapting the stomach. Then all the people are served. The first course is usually cold dish, hot cake or seafood, and the plate is medium and shallow. If the first course is soup, you must use a deep plate and a big spoon. No matter what you eat, this first plate must be removed. The next main course is served in a shallow dish, including at least two hot dishes, one meat and one vegetable, and sometimes rice or noodles are also served as side dishes. The staple food is always French bread. After all the people put the food on their plates, the hostess picked up the knife and fork and said "Have a good appetite" before the guests could start. Sometimes guests don't know the rules, so it's ok to strike first. At this time, the hostess immediately quietly picked up the knife and fork, so as not to appear impolite to the guests. After the hot dish is over, cheese is occasionally mixed with lettuce, then put on a small shallow plate, and then add coffee or tea for dessert. Finally, sometimes the host suggests drinking digestive wine, whose alcohol concentration is a little higher than that of aperitif. Foreigners often ignore the French people's attention to wine and pour aperitif for guests when eating; Or someone fills a cup like a temptation job in China, and then drinks it and drinks it off; Even regardless of the host and guest, I got up and poured the wine myself. In this case, the French are generally more tolerant. Anyone who has been to China knows a little about the behavior of China people. They would joke: "When we were in China, we all did what they used to do;" In France, we still have to follow them. "But there is no blame at all.

Most French people are good at cooking, especially when there are guests at home, both husband and wife show their abilities. Generally speaking, after the guests arrive, the wife is responsible for greeting and the husband is responsible for drinks. When necessary, they cook and serve at the same time. In such an atmosphere, whatever you eat will give you a warm feeling. Not to mention the delicious food carefully cooked by the host. If you eat in a restaurant, then all kinds of dishes are not only delicious, but chefs can also spell out various patterns and styles with various food colors, which is not something that ordinary families can do.

The most unacceptable thing for French tourists to eat French food is the alternation of hot and cold and the addition of sweet and salty: first, cold dishes (salty); Second, hot dishes (salty); Third, sweets (cold); Finally, coffee or tea (hot with sugar), not only that, but also drink alcohol and cold water when eating. How to endure after eating, only you know. But the French have never been uncomfortable, so it is not convenient to complain in a big way.

Different from Chinese food, French cuisine has several major cuisines, but there are traditional representative dishes everywhere, such as duck and foie gras in Dordogne, sauerkraut sausage in Alsace, black-faced stew and pancakes in Brittany, cattle and sheep in Normandy, fish soup in Provence and so on. Modern new French cuisine pays more attention to the exquisite taste and display style, which makes people's taste and vision enjoy beauty.

To sum up, Chinese and French diets have their own advantages and characteristics. Eating in France not only makes you satisfied with the food, but also has a different taste. Generally speaking, French people are easy to accept Chinese food, while China people have some conditions to accept French food. There are fewer things that French people don't like in Chinese food than those in China.

American character

Anyone who has come into contact with the United States will generally think that Americans are warm, cheerful and accessible. When you meet an American for the first time, he will talk to you about Kan Kan and even talk endlessly, making you feel at home. When you walk in the street and inadvertently look at a stranger, he may smile and nod at you or say hello. If your car breaks down on the road, enthusiastic people will come to help you repair it; If you get lost in the street, someone will give you some advice enthusiastically.

The second characteristic of American character is independence and enterprising. They don't like to rely on others, and they don't like others to rely on them; Americans have developed the habit of struggling independently and not relying on their parents since childhood.

The third characteristic of American character is pragmatism. They don't like rambling fantasies like the French, and they don't talk about style and pride like the British. The early history of the United States made them good at not being discouraged in adversity, keeping clear goals and working hard.

Americans are also pragmatic about money. It is natural for Americans to work, and it is easy to ask others for help.

The fourth characteristic of American character is that it attaches great importance to the value of success. In the eyes of Americans, what matters is not a person's family background, but his own talent and ability. Even a child should try his best to excel in school to please his parents. They also seem to understand that being loved by their parents is not an innate right, but a trophy gained through their own efforts.

American food culture

American character has created American food culture.

The eating habit of Americans is three meals a day. They pay attention to whether the diet is scientific and nutritious, and to efficiency and convenience. Generally, they don't work hard on delicate food.

Breakfast is usually at 8 o'clock. The content is simple, such as toast, cereal and coffee, or milk and pancakes. Some families don't even cook breakfast, so they go to some small restaurants and snack bars that serve breakfast, and then go their separate ways, some to work and some to school.

Lunch time is usually from 12 to 1, sometimes later. Lunch is usually simple. With the acceleration of the pace of social life, American lunch is getting less and less attention: many employees who are far away from home and have concentrated working hours can only eat working meals in the company because of their short lunch break, and the so-called working meals are often box lunches provided by nearby fast food restaurants. Others bring their own lunch, a few "sandwiches", a fruit and a cup of coffee is enough. Some Chinese Americans like to take two zongzi or baked sweet potatoes to work and cook a lunch.

Americans usually have dinner at 5-7 pm, which is the most important meal of the day. Usually, every household has to cook several dishes, as well as snacks and fruits. The meat they often eat is steak and pork chop. The weight of a steak is generally above 150g, which often looks undercooked and difficult to chew, but Americans regard it as delicious.

Americans who live at home buy simple food. A bag of bread, a can of drinks, a bag of carrots, a few onions, and occasionally someone buys a plate of beef. People seldom use condiments, but salad oil is the most used.

American restaurants are generally small and clean, and there are not many kinds of food. Some people sum up the characteristics of American food, one is raw, the steak is congested, the other is cold, all drinks are ice, and the third is sweet. This is, of course, a judgment made by China people according to their own tastes, but it also hits the nail on the head. In fact, Americans pay attention to nutrition, not taste, and ordinary Americans are not good at cooking.

The development direction of American diet is fast food. Most of their vegetables are eaten raw, so the nutrition will not be lost, and more importantly, it will save time. Now they also strongly advocate squeezing vegetables into vegetable juice, and they want to squeeze out the time to eat vegetables for other purposes.

The change of social lifestyle has a great influence on American eating habits. Nowadays, American cities, towns, restaurants and restaurants can be seen everywhere, making it very convenient for people to eat. In fast food restaurants or cafes, customers usually spend $ 4-5 for a meal. Hamburgers, hot dogs, pies and doughnuts are very popular in fast food restaurants.

In American cities and villages, coffee shops (also dealing in ice and Yunnan showers) and McDonald's fast food restaurants abound. The former is like a teahouse in Sichuan, China, and the latter is like a noodle restaurant in Henan, China. Go to a coffee shop, have a cup of coffee for more than one dollar, or a plate of ice cream for two or three dollars. Chatting while eating is very pleasant. American ice cream is a must, there are all kinds of ice cream, and it is full of crispy nuts, which is very delicious. McDonald's is even more unique: from a distance, whenever and wherever McDonald's is located, there are three flags flying in conspicuous places, one is the American flag, the other is the state flag, and the other is the store flag. No matter where McDonald's stores are, business is booming. A sandwich or hot dog, a bag of potato chips or popcorn and a drink add up to only $3.99 (American goods are always priced like this, ending in 0.99, and never rounding up the whole number, which shows that American businessmen are smart), not to mention that they don't have to pay after drinking.

What's more interesting is that during the summer vacation, all the shops hired a group of 12-year-old female students. Their innocent and hard-working looks were lovely. If there are many customers on holidays, these girls wear uniforms, sports hats, a pair of headphones and a small microphone to keep in touch with the operator from time to time, as if the commander-in-chief of the multinational forces was directing a battle in the Gulf War.

Americans' simple, convenient and nutritious diet is worth learning from people on the road.