The story of Yu Youren

Yu Youren (April 11, 1879 - November 10, 1964)

Alumnus of Fudan University. Journalist, poet, calligrapher, politician. During the Revolution of 1911, he was a famous newspaper activist. A native of Sanyuan, Shaanxi, his ancestral home is Jingyang. His original name was Bo Xun, with the Chinese character "Seduction", later he was named after "Seduction", which is a homophony of "Youren"; he was also signed "Sao Xin" and "Beard Man", and his later nickname was "Tai Ping Old Man". His grandson Professor Liu Zunyi is the current president of the Chinese University of Hong Kong.

He was a member of the imperial family during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. He was wanted by the Qing court for publishing "Half Crying and Half Smiling Lou Poems" to ridicule current affairs. He fled to Shanghai and entered Aurora Public School. Dropped out of Aurora College. In his early years, he joined the Restoration Society and the Tongmenghui. Since 1907, he has successively founded "Shenzhou Daily" and "Minli Daily" to actively promote the democratic revolution. He successively served as deputy minister of the Ministry of Transportation of the Nanjing Provisional Government, commander-in-chief of the Kuomintang Allied Forces in Shaanxi, president of the Audit Court and the Supervisory Yuan, and was an important decision-maker of the Kuomintang. After 1912, he served as the Minister of Transportation of the Nanjing Government, the Director of Audit and the Director of Supervision of the National Government, and successively served as the Director of the Supervisory Yuan for 34 years. Later, he retreated to Taiwan with the Kuomintang. During the 15 years that Yu Youren lived in Taiwan, the trend of calligraphy in Taiwan for the first time showed that the study of stele overtook the calligraphy of pavilions and pavilions. He died of illness in Taipei in 1964. Yu Youren's tomb is located on Yangming Mountain in Taipei City. There is a sculpture on the main peak of Yushan Mountain.

Yu Youren excelled in calligraphy. As early as the 1920s, he was known as "Northern Yu Nan Zheng", and "Nan Zheng" refers to Zheng Xiaoxu. Especially good at cursive script, he created the first "standard cursive script" and is known as the "contemporary cursive sage". Yu Youren founded the Standard Cursive Script Society in Shanghai in 1932. Based on the principles of easy to read, easy to write, accurate, and beautiful, he organized, researched and promoted cursive script, organized it into a systematic representative symbol of cursive script, and compiled the characters into the "Standard Cursive Script Thousand-Character Essay" (First published in 1936 by Shanghai Wenzheng Kaiyin Publishing House), it has a profound influence and is still reprinted today. He is known as the "Sage of Modern Calligraphy". His works include "Youren Shicun", "Youren Wencun", "Youren Mocun", "Standard Cursive Script", etc.

Yu Youren's final poem "National Memorial"

Bury me on a high mountain,

Look at my mainland;

The mainland is gone ,

I can only cry bitterly.

Bury me on a high mountain,

Looking at my hometown;

My hometown is gone,

Never forget.

The sky is blue,

the sea is vast,

on the mountains,

the state is in mourning.

Yu Youren's famous patriotic poem "Looking at the Mainland" (also known as "National Memorial") was published after his death in Taipei on November 10, 1964. Mr. Yu Youren, who lived in Taiwan in his later years, was very eager to return to his roots, but he was unable to do so. On January 12, 1962, he wrote in his diary: "After a hundred years, I would like to be buried in a high place with many trees in Yushan or Alishan. The mountain should be high and the trees should be big. I can always look at the mainland. My hometown is Chinese mainland". Shortly afterwards, on January 24, 1962, Mr. Yu Youren wrote the sincere and melancholy poem "Looking at the Mainland".

This is an elegy he wrote for his hometown in mainland China. His nostalgia for his country is beyond words. It is a swan song that touches the deep pain in the souls of the descendants of Yan and Huang.

In 1949, Yu Youren was taken to Taiwan, while his wife and son stayed in the mainland, and they were separated from each other ever since. Therefore, his "Looking at the Mainland" is not a general feeling about his family and country, but contains the unforgettable pain of his life experience. The reunification of the motherland is what the poet has pursued throughout his life.

Reading this poem gives people a feeling of deep sadness and patriotism. Due to well-known reasons, Mr. Yu has lived in Taiwan for a long time and cannot return to his hometown. However, the waves across the Taiwan Strait are constantly blocking him from seeing the mainland, his hometown, and his family.

The first two stanzas of the poem adopt the technique of repeating chapters and chanting repeatedly to express his deep yearning and attachment to the mainland and his hometown. It is a strong expression of the poet's true feelings. Bai Juyi, the great poet of the Tang Dynasty It is said: "What touches people's hearts is nothing but love." It is this sincere and strong emotion and unforgettable longing that gives readers a strong shock and arouses readers' emotions and thoughts.

The first two sentences of the last stanza of the poem borrow two sentences from the Northern Dynasties folk song "Chi Le Song", using overlapping words, the object is vivid and vivid! The last two sentences, "On the mountain, there is national mourning!" are puns and have rich meanings. "National Sorrow" comes from Qu Yuan's "Nine Songs" of Chu Ci. "Nine Songs" is a set of poems composed by Qu Yuan in imitation of the sacrificial songs of the southern state of Chu during his exile. "National Memorial" is one of them. It is an elegy to commemorate the soldiers. The so-called "sorrow", "Xiaoerya" says: "Nothing." "The ghost of the Lord is mourning." The poet cleverly used "national mourning" to express his regret that he could not be buried in the mainland after his death and that his soul could not return to his hometown. The ancients said: "When a bird flies back to its hometown, a fox will always be on the ground when it dies." Beasts are like this, how can humans be embarrassed? Man-made obstructions cause relatives to gather together and their flesh and blood to be separated. After death, the soul cannot return to its hometown and has no peace. How can you read it without making people cry with sadness? With the help of these two poems, the poet expresses the hearts of many people who have the same experience as the poet: what they dream about and cannot forget in their hearts is the reunification of the motherland! My husband could not see the reunification of the motherland during his lifetime. After his death, he had to be buried on a high hill and look at the mainland in the distance. It was really hard to rest in peace!

Now that Hong Kong and Macau have returned to China, we are looking forward to Taiwan, which has been separated for half a century, to return to the embrace of our mother as soon as possible! I believe that a unified, strong and prosperous China will soon stand tall in the east of the world! At this point, Mr. Yu Youren will be smiling! The mystery of Yu Youren's death

In mid-August 1964, Yu Youren was hospitalized due to illness. One day in September, Yu Youren’s old subordinate Yang Lianggong went to Taipei Veterans General Hospital to visit him. Yu Youren was very happy, but due to his serious illness and throat inflammation, he could not say what he wanted to say. Yang Lianggong then took his hand and asked, "What does the dean have to tell me?" Yu Youren thought for a moment and stretched out a finger. Yang Lianggong didn't know what it meant. After a while, Yu Youren extended three fingers to Yang Lianggong. Yang Lianggong guessed several answers, but Yu Youren shook his head and rejected them. Yang Lianggong had no choice but to say: "Dean, when you feel better, I'll ask you what you just said, okay?" Yu Youren nodded. After that, Yu Youren's illness became worse day by day and he fell into a coma. At 8:08 pm on November 10, 1964, Yu Youren passed away at the age of 86. He did not leave any last words, so people regarded his poem "Looking at the Continent" as his will. The body was buried on Guanyin Mountain, the highest in Taipei, and a bronze bust facing the mainland was erected on the top of Yushan Mountain (the highest peak in the southeastern provinces of my country) at an altitude of 3,997 meters. Yushan Mountain is steep, and the 4-meter-high bronze statue and building materials were all carried up bit by bit by members of the Taiwan Mountaineering Association. Yu Youren finally fulfilled his wish to climb high and overlook his homeland.

What one finger or three fingers means has always been a mystery. Later, senior newspaperman Lu Keng felt that Yu Youren's "one finger, three fingers" should be understood this way: In the future, when China is unified, his coffin will be transported back to the mainland and buried in his hometown in Sanyuan County, Shaanxi.

"Three old houses, one ancient locust tree, and a large cloth of common people." This is what people say about Mr. The former residence in Sanyuan and the 300-year-old locust tree also deeply express my gratitude to Mr.

Yu Youren followed Mr. Sun Yat-sen when he was young and made outstanding contributions to overthrowing the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty. He actively advocated cooperation between the two parties of the Kuomintang and established education and water conservancy projects. He was a sincere patriot; He was an early poet in Nanshe and wrote nearly 900 poems in his life. He has high attainments in poetry, lyrics and music. He has written many poems that express the rise and fall of the country and the nation. He is the author of "Youren Wencun", "Youren Poems", etc. He is also a famous calligrapher and founded the " "Yudi" calligraphy art. Lin Yutang once said: "Among contemporary calligraphers, the calligraphy work of Yu Youren, the Supervisory Dean, should be regarded as the best model. Dean Yu's current status is partly due to his fame in calligraphy."

Yu Youren and Cooking

Food and cooking belong to the category of culture and are also one of the symbols of human civilization. In Chinese history, many literati and scholars commented on the delicacies with local flavor and characteristics, wrote inscriptions (plaques), or recited poems to express their feelings, which made these dishes more glorious and more valuable.

Yu Youren, a veteran of the Kuomintang, a famous calligraphy master and poet, is originally from Sanyuan County, Shaanxi Province. Every time he returns to his hometown to visit relatives, he always tastes local dishes at Deting Restaurant in the county town. This restaurant offers braised shredded squid, dry-stewed eel, white-sealed pork, and dumpling noodles; there is also a gold-threaded oil tower that looks like strands of golden wire, stacked on top of each other, and tastes oily but not overpowering, refreshing and sharp; The bubble oil cake evolved from the "Jianfengxiao" (oil bath cake) in the "Shaowei Food List" of the Tang Dynasty. It is milky white in color, has a puffy surface, like gauze and cicada wings, and has dense pearl bubbles. The flowers are fragrant and mellow, disappearing immediately in the mouth. Its shape is exquisite and clear, resembling a skillfully made damask flower. Yu highly appreciated the cooking techniques and flavor characteristics of these dishes. He took advantage of the opportunity to write the plaque "Mingde Pavilion" and the inscription "Famous Chef Zhang Rong" for the restaurant, making this restaurant founded in 1931 famous throughout the Three Qin Dynasties.

On the Qingming Festival of 1921, he visited the Xu Jichou Hotel opened by Xu Renfu in Changlefang, Dongguan, Xi'an. This hotel serves Huang Guichou wine, which evolved from the "mash tank" used in the Shang and Zhou dynasties more than 3,000 years ago.

In Du Fu's "Song of the Eight Immortals in Drinking", "Li Bai fought with wine for three hundred chapters. He went to sleep in a restaurant in Chang'an City, but the emperor couldn't get on the ship. He claimed that he was an immortal in wine" and "The imperial concubine was drunk." "The wine is the thick wine of "skimming fermented grains" without adding pulp. The alcohol content of this wine is 15, the juice is as thick as milk, the color is as white as jade, the entrance is sweet and fragrant, the wine has a rich and mellow taste, and your mouth will be fragrant after drinking. The unique flavor of the wine fascinated the calligraphy master. After drinking it, he praised it and impromptu wrote, "Xujia Huang Guichou Hotel". The Xu family made it into a plaque and hung it high on the door of the store. It greatly increased its reputation and became a good story in the ancient city.

On the way to Shu in 1942, Yu Youren visited Ningqiang County in southern Shaanxi and tasted the famous Wangjia walnut sesame cake in the county. This cake was used as a tribute in the Qing Dynasty. It is made of flour, walnuts as the main ingredients, and supplemented with oil, salt and other auxiliary ingredients. It is crispy, oily, with a long aftertaste and rich in nutrients. Yu was full of praise after eating. Subsequently, the store's business became increasingly prosperous.

In the summer of 1947, the first class of students graduated from Shaanxi Normal College. The relevant departments organized them to observe and study in the southeastern provinces where education was relatively developed. After arriving in Nanjing, Yu Youren, who was the Supervisory Dean of the National Government at the time, heard the news and specially invited all teachers and students to meet him at his residence. Then, invite everyone to have dinner. In the courtyard, around the flower beds, there are many stalls: including jelly, stuffed skin, cold noodles, pulled noodles, mash trough, Yuanxiao, steamer cakes, sesame cakes, cured meat and other Shaanxi-style snacks, etc. Colorful and fragrant. Mr. Yu allowed everyone to dine as they pleased, just like today's buffet. The teachers and students were in lively moods and laughed constantly.

Interestingly, there is a famous "Shijia Restaurant" in Mudu Town, Wuxian County, on the shores of Taihu Lake in Jiangsu Province and at the foot of Lingshan Mountain. Among the top ten famous dishes in the store, there is a dish called "(Yuba)(Fish Market) Soup". The original name of this dish is "spot liver soup". It is made from the liver of grouper fish, a specialty of Taihu Lake, supplemented with ham slices, mushrooms, bamboo shoot slices, etc., and cooked in chicken broth. In 1927, Yu and his wife traveled to the West Lake to enjoy osmanthus. On their way back, they tasted "spot liver soup" at the Shijia Restaurant. After eating, he impromptuly composed a poem: "The old osmanthus blossoms are fragrant all over the world, and the fragrant flowers are everywhere beside Taihu Lake. Returning to Mudu, I still remember it. Many thanks to Shijia (Yu Ba) (Fish Market) Soup. Someone analyzed the (Yu Ba) (Fish Market) Soup. Yu is from Shaanxi and does not really understand "Wu Nong's soft words". So I wrote it by mistake. Later, because of his reputation for calligraphy and the charm of his poems, "(Yuba) (Fish Market) Soup" replaced "Spot Liver Soup" and has been passed down to this day in the culinary world. Become a legend