The rise and fall history of the three shogunates in Japan and the history of the weavers.

it's better if I give you something relatively detailed. . .

1. The Kamakura shogunate

was founded by Yuan Laichao, the leader of the Kanto samurai. There are different opinions on the time of its establishment. It is generally believed that during the period from 118 when Yuan Laichao rose up against the Ping regime to 1192 when he was appointed as the general of the foreign invasion. Yuanlai Dynasty practiced dictatorship, and its shogunate was located in Kamakura. There were administrative offices responsible for the administration and finance in the shogunate, a waiting place for the imperial family (samurai) who formed a master-slave relationship with Genji, and an inquiry office for hearing the lawsuit of the imperial family. The general appointed the royal family to be the guardian of the local administrative unit "State" and the property of various manors throughout the country, and mastered the local police, taxation and land management rights.

the kamakura shogunate is a samurai regime headed by a general, with the imperial family as the backbone. It coexists with the imperial court headed by the emperor, but it holds real power.

After the death of Yuanlai Dynasty in p>1199, the power of the shogunate was gradually controlled by Kitaji, the consort of Genji.

In p>123, Kitajima was appointed as the head of the political office, and in 1213, Kitajima was appointed as both the political office and the guest office, and was in charge of the shogunate, which was called executive power. Therefore, the shogunate changed from general dictatorship to Kitajima's executive power politics.

In p>1221 (three years' succession), Gotobajoko's Emperor, who was dissatisfied with the existence of the shogunate, launched a war to discuss the curtain (succession chaos), and Xuan was defeated. After the war, the shogunate exiled three emperors, including Gotobajoko, abolished Emperor Zhong Gong, and set up another Emperor Hou Gehe. Six Polos were set up to spy on the royal family, and more than 3, manors of the royal family and nobles who participated in the rebellion were confiscated.

The power of the shogunate surpassed that of the imperial court and even interfered with the succession of the emperor.

In addition to setting up a countersignature and appointing members of the same clan of Kitajima, in order to ease the contradictions among the samurai and win the support of the royal family, Kitajima Taishi set up an evaluation group in 1225, consisting of 15 powerful royal family members, who participated in the curtain politics together with Kitajima's family.

in p>1232, the first written law of samurai regime, Zhen Yong Shi Mu, was published, with 51 articles, which was the foundation of the martial law and gradually became a national law, indicating the maturity and consolidation of the Kamakura shogunate.

in the later period of kamakura shogunate, social contradictions became increasingly apparent due to peasant resistance and "imperial family" poverty. Especially after the two anti-Yuan wars in 1274 and 1281, small and medium-sized warriors became increasingly dissatisfied with the shogunate because they were not rewarded.

In order to consolidate the rule, the Tokio clan (that is, the lineal clan) only appointed its own children as judges and guardians, and monopolized the power of the shogunate.

in p>1324, Go Daigo's dispatch troops fell, and in 1333, Ashiki Zun's family responded. In May, Ueno Yoshinobu Xintian invaded Kamakura, and the Kamakura shogunate perished. Go Daigo was in charge, and in the second year, he changed the title of Jianwu, which was the period of the revival of Jianwu.

the first generation: Yuan Lai Chao (みなもとのよりとも), son of Minamotono Yoshitomo

the second generation: Yuan Lai Jia (みなも). Fujiwara's son

Six generations: Prince Munetaka (むねたかしんのぅ), son of Emperor Emei

Seven generations: Prince Weikang (これ)

In November, the Jianwu Style was made in imitation of the Kamakura shogunate's Zhenyong Style, with 17 articles. Open a shogunate in Kyoto.

in December, Go Daigo fled to yoshino, south of Kyoto, claiming to be orthodox, thus forming a confrontation between the two imperial courts (see the era of the southern and northern dynasties).

by the time of ashikaga yoshimitsu, the third generation general, the shogunate reached its peak. In 1378, it was built into a new shogunate site in Kyoto. In 1392, it merged with the Southern and Northern Dynasties to realize the rule of Quanhe, and the imperial court existed in name only.

The shogunate organization has been further improved: the general has a tube leader, who is in charge of the general administration of the shogunate and assists the general. The three guardians of Zulimin's clan, Spo, Hosokawa and Hatoyama, take turns to serve as the "three tube leaders".

it consists of the guards to be served, the finance department of the administration office, the filing department, the evaluation department and the litigation department.

Among them, the head of the most important poetry institute is called the Division, which is held by Yamamoto, Ichiro, Akamatsu and Kyoji in turn, and is called the "Four Names". It can be seen that the Muromachi shogunate is actually a powerful joint regime with generals as the center.

General's territory is narrow, and his direct military strength is less, and his power is not as good as that of the generals in the early days of Kamakura shogunate.

The guardian name who rules each "country" owns territory, warriors and retainer regiments, and has a strong local separatist nature. Rebellions against the guardian name have occurred from time to time since ashikaga yoshimitsu.

Due to the intensified exploitation by the shogunate and the guardian name, the joint uprising of the local officials and peasants called "Shi Yi Ba" has occurred in various places, which has also shaken tokugawa era.

when the eighth generation general Ashikaga Yoshimasa was in power, a large-scale civil strife broke out in the ruling class, namely, the chaos of Yingren and civilization (see the chaos of Yingren), and from then on, it entered the late Muromachi shogunate-the Warring States period.

Since then, both the shogunate and the guardian's power have been devastated, while the local lords and warriors took the opportunity to develop their power and scuffle with each other. Farmers' resistance is also more intense, such as the peasant uprising in Shancheng (1485 ~ 1493) and the riots that have always been committed.

by the mid-16th century, some local lords and warriors had developed into the warring States names of the controlling side, such as Takeda Shingen in Jiafei, Tokugawa Ieyasu in Sanhe, Nonobunaga in Weizhang, and Maori Yuanjiu in China.

They organized local lords into their own vassal groups in the neighboring countries, actively developed industry and commerce, accumulated economic strength, issued decrees, directly ruled farmers, and formed separatist forces, while the control scope of the shogunate was limited to Kinki area.

In the competition, Nobuyasu Oda gradually surpassed other warring states. In 1568, Nobuyasu entered Kyoto, and in 1573, the Muromachi shogunate perished, and Japan embarked on the road of reunification.

after nobunaga's death, Toyotomi Hideyoshi will inherit his career and complete the great cause of reunifying Japan in 159.

However, Toyotomi Hideyoshi didn't set up a shogunate. In 1585, he was appointed as Guan Bai by the Emperor (see Guan politics), and in the following year, he served as the minister of Taizheng, using the authority of the imperial court to consolidate his rights.

when Toyotomi Hideyoshi died of illness in p>1598, Tokugawa Ieyasu overthrew the Toyotomi regime and reopened shogunate politics.

1. Zunshi Ashikaga (1338.8.11-1358.4.3)

2. Ashikaga Yoshiakira (1358.12.8-1367.12.7)

3. ashikaga yoshimitsu (1368.12.3).

5. Ashikaga Yiquan Quantity (1423.3.18-1425.2.27)

6. Ashikaga Yijiao (1429.3.15-1441.6.24)

7. Ashikaga Yoshikatsu (1442.11.

9. Ashikaga Yoshihisa (1473.12.19-1489.3.26)

1. Ashikaga Yoshida (149.7.5-1521.12.25)

11. Ashikaga Yicheng (1494).

13. Ashikaga Yihui (1546.12.2-1565.5.19)

14. Ashikaga Yirong (1568.2.8-1568.9.9)

15 p > 15. Ashikaga Yoshiaki (1568.1.

the territory of the shogunate accounts for about a quarter of the national land, and the rest is owned by Daming (vassal), which is called the vassal state.

The general is the supreme ruler of the country, who has the senior middle school as his subordinate, decides policies, governs government affairs, and is responsible for controlling the imperial court, fame and diplomacy.

In addition, we set up a letter in the year of Ruo, which is responsible for mastering the territory of the shogunate and the ministers directly under it. We also set up a temple society, Edo-machi, and Kenzo, which are in charge of the litigation in the territory directly under the jurisdiction of the shogunate, finance and Edo municipality.

The shogunate set up a county representative or an official in the territory directly under the central government, and directly controlled the peasants through land survey, village year tribute contract system and five-person system.

General Tokugawa was more powerful than in Kamakura and Muromachi.

Daming is the ruler of each vassal state, with a family member, an annual post, etc., which directly rules the people and has the administrative, judicial and annual tribute collection rights of the territory.

The shogunate set up a visiting envoy and an inspector called Mu Fu to supervise the vassal states, and took measures such as visiting the famous names and changing the famous names to control them, but the vassal states still had relative independence.

Therefore, a political system was formed under the control of General Tokugawa.

at the end of the 17th century, due to the development of commodity economy, the mufan system was in crisis, which was characterized by financial difficulties and frequent peasant uprisings.

in order to cope with the crisis, the shogunate successively carried out the reform of enjoying insurance, lenient policies and natural insurance from the middle of 18th century to the 184s, but all failed.

after the founding of Japan in p>1854, the national crisis aggravated the crisis of feudalism.

under the impetus of the reformist warriors at lower levels, the powerful vassals in the southwest, such as Samo and Changzhou, gradually adopted different policies from the shogunate, colonized and prospered, and resisted foreign enemies.

under the pressure of the peasant uprising at the end of the curtain and the anti-curtain movement centered on the southwest powerful vassals such as Sa Chang, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, the 15th generation general, was forced to declare "returning to the great government" at the end of 1867.

On December 9th, 1867, the "Wang Zheng Retro" coup was launched by the "Shogunate" faction, and the shogunate system was abolished.

The newly established Meiji Emperor's government completely overthrew the shogunate after the War of 1868-1869.

at this point, Japan's feudal shogunate politics ended.

1. Tokugawa Ieyasu (163.2.12-165.4.16)

2. Hideyoshi Tokugawa (165.4.16-1623.7.27)

3. Jiaguang Tokugawa (1623.7.

5. Tokugawa Tsunayoshi (168.8.23-179.1.1)

6. Tokugawa Ienobu (179.5.1-1712.1.14)

7. Tokugawa Jiaji (1713.4.2-.

9. Tokugawa Kazuo (1745.11.2-176.5.13)

1. Tokugawa Kazuo (176.9.2-1786.9.8)

11. Tokugawa Kazuo (1787.4.

13. Tokugawa Kazuo (1853.1.23-1858.7.4)

14. Tokugawa Jiamao (1858.12.1-1866.8.11)

15 p > 15. Tokugawa Yoshinobu (1866.12. It is said that Nobukuro Ueda, the grandson of Nobukuro, is his ancestor

(2) According to the "History of the Rise and Fall of Oda in Weizhou", Oda is a descendant of Fujiwara

(3), and according to the eulogy presented by Fujiwara Nobuhiro and his son at the Oda Sword Shrine in the fourth year of Mingde (1393), < p Oda family has always claimed to be a descendant of Fujiwara.

Nobunobu Oda was renamed after Pingshi only after the death of the shogunate.

Therefore, there are still quite a few mysteries about the origin of Oda family.

It can be confirmed that the information was in the seventh year of Yingyong (14).

At that time, because the administrator of Spo Yi Church had to handle government affairs in Kyoto for a long time,

it sent Hiroshi, the son of Hiroshi, to Weizhang. The Spokane family split because of the issue of heirs, which

led to the division of its Nobukuro guardian Oda family into two factions.

According to the record of Nobunaga,

Oda family split into the upper four counties with Iwakura as the center and Oda Nobuka as the leader.

And in the next four counties with Cheongju as the center, there are two major factions led by Nobutaka Oda

And Nobutaka's father, Oda Nobuhide, is one of the three practices of Nobutaka's

Nobutaka's father:

(1) Nobutaka's grandfather, Nobutaka (? ～？ ) is an important figure in the rise of Oda family.

In the first year of Yongzheng (154), Shengyang City was built in Weizhang, which became the base of two generations of Oda governors.

In the fourth year of Dayong (1524), he married Seibee's daughter of Daqiao, and Daqiao Qingbingwei was the merchant leader of Tsushima City.

Therefore, with the help of Daqiao Seibee, he was sure to get Tianjin successfully. ～1551？ ), a famous soldier known as "the tiger of Wei Zhang", continued his father's friendly relationship with Tsushima businessmen, and his influence soon swept through the next four counties

in the seventh year of astronomy (1538), taking Nagoya City from the hands of Imakawa's younger brother who guarded Imagawa Yoshimoto in Suruga

. According to the record of "The Battle of Nagoya", Imakawa's Toyoto invited Oda Shinsuke to attend a peace song meeting. Deliberately staying in the city

Finally, under the echo of his family, he forcibly occupied the city.

After that, Nobuhida moved the city to Nagoya City and began the great cause of reunifying Weizhang.

In the ninth year of astronomy (154), he took the opportunity to attack Anxiang City, seeing that the death of Songping Qingkang led to the decline of Songping's family.

After the victory, he handed the city over to the management of Nobuhiro Tsuda, an, an

Astronomy.

defeated the present Sichuan army, so that the influence of Oda swept through the West Sanhe area.

In the 16th year of astronomy (1547), it allied with the asakura family, attacked Saitō Dō san, who succeeded in winning Mino. After the final defeat

, it quickly made up with the Saito family, and settled the marriage relationship between Nobu and Guidie.

In the 17th year of astronomy (1548), it fought with qwe rty, an important official of the present Sichuan family, in Odosaka again. The eldest son Nobuhiro was taken captive, so he redeemed Nobuhiro with Songping Takechiyo

, and in order to consolidate the southern part of Weizhang, he handed over Nagoya City to Nobuhiro, the eldest son, and moved to Gudu City

soon.