20 things you may not know about the North Pole

1. When it comes to the North Pole, most of us think of where Santa Claus is. But there is more than one North Pole, first of all, the geographical North Pole, which is a fixed geographical point, refers to the direction where the earth axis points to the Polaris, and the intersection point between the earth axis and the ground, which is what we usually call the North Grade.

2. The second is the geomagnetic north pole. The earth is a sphere with uneven magnetic field strength. 19 In the 1920s, the famous German mathematician Gauss published a theory about the earth's magnetic field. He regarded the earth as a sphere with uniform magnetic field strength, and mathematically deduced the magnetic poles, which are called the earth's geomagnetic north and south poles. This is the theoretical value for theoretical analysis of the temporal and spatial changes of the earth and its magnetic field.

3. Geomagnetic North Pole and South Pole are inconsistent with geographical North Pole and South Pole. According to the measurement, the connecting line (imaginary straight line) between the geomagnetic north and south poles forms an included angle of about 1 1.3 with the rotation axis. The geomagnetic south pole is near the geographical north pole, and the geomagnetic north pole is near the geographical south pole. When the compass points to the north, the pointer refers to the geomagnetic north pole, not the geographical north pole.

At MINUS 40℃ in the polar region, the hot spring pool is covered with snow, soaking in warm spring water, breathing the instantly condensed heat, and letting the frost cover the eyebrows and hair. This is the only hot spring fun in the Arctic.

4. The geomagnetic north pole changes with time. In the past century, the geomagnetic North Pole has migrated from Greenland to Canada. The geomagnetic pole is moving, but the reason for the movement is still a mystery. The research also shows that the intensity of geomagnetic field has weakened in 150 years, but it can't disappear completely in the near future. The geomagnetic pole makes the earth rotate around the earth axis.

5. The North Pole and the South Pole may turn over. Their last flip was about 780,000 years ago, and it took thousands of years for the polar flip. If the two poles are reversed, it will bring troubles such as skin cancer to human beings, but the disaster should not be extinct. Humans have enough time to prepare for this flip.

6. So who cares about the geomagnetic north level? Aurora hunter. The most spectacular scenery of the Northern Lights takes place on an oval ring centered on the geomagnetic north pole. The north magnetic pole of the earth is moving very fast, and the aurora in Alaska may disappear within 50 years. Siberia and Europe may see the Northern Lights at the same time.

7. In July 2007, Russian scientists went deep into the bottom of the Arctic Ocean by submarine and planted the Russian flag to declare their sovereignty. However, they are not the first underwater residents to visit the area. The American submarine Nautilus arrived there as early as 50 years ago.

8. 1958, the world's first nuclear-powered submarine "Nautilus" began to write another legend, which is the "Sunshine Action" of the US Navy and a famous polar submarine in the history of navigation. On July 23, Nautilus quietly left Pearl Harbor and sailed north, successfully entering the Arctic ice. On the afternoon of August 3rd 1 1, Nautilus reached the North Pole, completing the feat of reaching the North Pole by submarine for the first time in human history.

9. arctic blue in robert edwin peary was nearly half a century earlier than Nautilus. Robert edwin peary was an American major general and an Arctic explorer. With the support of National Geographic, he went to explore the North Pole and became the first person to reach the North Pole. He visited the North Pole many times in 23 years, and finally planted the American flag on the Arctic sea ice at1April 6, 909 10.

10. However, in the same year, another Arctic explorer with the same goal, Dr. Fred Rick Cook, claimed that he arrived at the North Pole one year earlier than Piri, that is,/kloc-0 arrived at the North Pole in April, 908. But after investigation and evidence collection, Piri was the first person to reach the North Pole.

1 1. Until today, which country owns which part of the Arctic is still a controversial topic. Known as "the last treasure house of the earth", the Arctic has 9% of the world's coal resources and rich oil and gas, accounting for 25% of the world's undeveloped oil and gas resources. In addition, there are a large number of mineral deposits and aquatic resources such as diamonds, gold and uranium in the Arctic. Such rich natural resources drive neighboring countries to make every effort to "climb" the relationship with the Arctic.

12. You can't lock the door when driving in the Arctic. When driving in the Arctic, you must obey a law: you can't lock the door! If someone meets a polar bear, it must be very dangerous. Therefore, the North Pole stipulates that cars cannot be locked, which actually leaves an opportunity for those who may be attacked by polar bears.

13. Since 2002, the Arctic Marathon has been held once a year, which is called "the coolest marathon in the world". Participants need to run the 42.195km standard marathon on the rugged snow at minus 20-30 degrees Celsius, and the race will be held in the icy Arctic Ocean.

The coldest marathon in the world begins at the North Pole.

14. The North Pole is not the coldest place in the world. The coldest place in the world is Oymyakon in eastern Siberia, located at 6316.2' north latitude. With the official records of167.7℃ below zero in February, 885, 196417℃ below zero in October, this place was awarded the title of "cold pole" in the northern hemisphere.

15. There are hot springs in the Arctic. There are natural geothermal hot springs in northern Alaska, Chena Hot Springs. The hot springs here are surrounded by rocks, forming a natural jacuzzi. Even if the outdoor temperature is tens of degrees below zero, the hot springs are still warm. There are also hot springs in Oymyakon, the coldest Siberian village on earth.

16. Alaska's north pole is located 100 miles south of other "real" north poles. Inuit tribe is an indigenous people, living here, near St. Nick's Bay. The edge of the Arctic Circle is home to polar bears. Other creatures in this area include killer whales, humpback whales and beluga whales, arctic foxes, wolverines, squirrels, walruses and Svalbard reindeer.

17. Santa Claus is not the only legend in the Arctic. Did you know that the creature that inspired the unicorn myth came from the North Pole? The most striking feature of narwhal is the protruding tusks on the head, which are canine teeth protruding from the left upper jaw to the lips, and the length can reach 2~3 meters, showing a spiral shape. Because the narwhal's tusks are reminiscent of the legend of unicorns, people have always thought that it has medical functions and even magic power for centuries.

Narwhals may be on the verge of extinction because of their single gene, extreme picky eaters and unchanged migration routes.

18. In the Middle Ages, when ivory was the most valuable, the price of "unicorn horn" was ten times that of gold with the same weight. It is said that Queen Elizabeth once received an ivory worth 1 1,000, and she could buy a castle at that time. People carve goblets, teacups and bowls with narwhal teeth. It is believed that if toxic drinks come into contact with it, black bubbles will appear and the toxicity will be exhausted. King Freedley III of Denmark collected the most ivory from narwhals. His throne made of narwhal tusks became a miracle in Europe. For a long time, this throne has been used for the coronation ceremony of the Danish king.

19. Santa's magic workshop is not in the North Pole, but it is near the North Pole. The world-famous Santa Claus Village is located on the Arctic Circle 8 kilometers north of rovaniemi. In the gift shop in Santa Claus Village, visitors can buy beautifully designed gifts with Finnish characteristics and get certificates for crossing the Arctic Circle. What is exciting is all kinds of stamps, greeting cards and gifts full of fairy tales in Santa Claus's post office. Letters sent from here will also be specially postmarked by the Arctic Santa Claus Post Office.

The explorer Frederick Cook (a portrait of a studio about 19 1 1) claimed to be the first person to reach the North Pole.

20. Superman and the North Pole also have many stories. For example, Superman: The Savage is a very interesting story. The bronze superman savage heard the movement of the North Pole and quickly found that the spaceship was attracting his fortress. ...