Case sharing of tourism and resort development in world-famous lake areas (6) Lake Geneva, Switzerland

Foreword: my country is the country with the third richest variety and number of lakes in the world, second only to North America and Northern Europe. The total number of lakes is 110,000, including more than 24,000 natural lakes and 86,000 artificial lakes. Multiple. Domestic lake tourism development began in the 1990s. Compared with European, American and Southeast Asian countries, domestic lake tourism has a shorter development history. Lake-type scenic spots and lakeside tourist resorts are important domestic tourist destinations. As people's understanding of lakes continues to deepen, lakes are regarded as an important tourism resource and the main destination for leisure and vacation. The number of people receiving lake tourism is also growing. However, compared with coastal, hot spring, rural, mountain and other leisure and vacation tourism, However, the theoretical research and development and operation of lake leisure and vacation tourism in China are insufficient. Most of them use seaside vacation theory and practice to guide the development and practice of lake leisure and vacation tourism. In the form of a series of articles, the author will use the development of tourism and vacation industry in world-famous lake areas as cases to provide reference for the tourism and vacation development of inland lakes in my country. I kindly ask colleagues in the industry to correct any fallacies.

1. Overview of Lake Geneva

Lake Geneva (called Lake Geneva in France) is the largest of the Alpine lakes and the largest alpine barrier lake in the world. The lake covers an area of ??approximately 224 square miles, with 140 square miles in Switzerland and 84 square miles in France. Lake Geneva was formed by the Rhone Glacier. The lake body is arch-shaped, and the concave part of the lake faces south. After the Rhone glacier melted, the Rhone River was formed, which is the main river that drains the water of Lake Geneva. Lake Geneva is 1,230 feet above sea level and 46 miles long. The lake is 8.5 miles wide at its widest point. The deepest point of the lake is 1,017 feet. The lakeside and adjacent areas have a mild climate and minimal temperature changes, and there are many tourist attractions. It is a famous lake in Western Europe and a famous scenic spot and health resort. Geneva and Lausanne are the largest lakeside cities.

Along the lake, you can see the rolling highlands, the majestic Alps and various beautiful scenery. The lake is connected with the snow-capped mountains and the blue sky. Thousands of teal ducks are soaring on the lake, and snow-white swans are swimming in the water. . Lake Geneva is centered on the Mont Blanc Bridge and is surrounded by parks along the lake, such as Rapids Park, Rose Park, Pearl Park, English Garden, Botanical Garden, and the Flower Clock on the lakeside. There are rows of lakeside villas, with red walls and green tiles hidden among the green trees. With sparse flowers and trees and clear blue water, it has always been regarded as a paradise on earth. To the south of the lake area are snow-capped and beautiful mountains. To the north of the mountains are widespread pastures and vineyards. The lake is world-famous for its clear blue water.

The most eye-catching thing in Lake Geneva is a huge artificial fountain. The tall water pillars rising into the sky from the lake directly into the sky are spectacular. This artificial fountain was originally built in 1891. At that time, the height of the spray was only 90 meters. It was renovated in 1958 and remains today. It is powered by two sets of water pumps installed underwater, with a total weight of 16 tons, driven by a 500 kW 2,400 volt engine with a speed of 1,500 rpm. Each water pump has a power of 1,360 horsepower. The flow rate of the fountain is 500 liters per second. The water speed at the spout reaches 200 kilometers per hour. The pressure of the water entering the spray pipe is 16 atmospheres. The height of the water column can reach 140 meters when there is no wind. The amount of water staying in the air As much as 7 tons. The water spurts out from the nozzle to reach the peak and then returns to the surface. Each round is 16 seconds.

2. Ecological Management and Protection of Lake Geneva

In the 1970s, the water body of Lake Geneva was seriously polluted. Lake Geneva suffers from serious chemical pollution. Household wastewater and even pesticides are poured directly into the lake without treatment, causing it to become a "dead lake" and cannot be used for production or leisure activities. Thanks to the joint efforts of public authorities, civil society and the private sector, Lake Geneva is now the largest drinking water reservoir in Central Europe. Most of the drinking water (80%) is extracted from Lake Geneva; the remaining 20% ??comes from groundwater formed by infiltration of the Alve River.

Two complementary measures were taken to prevent and control pollution in Lake Geneva: one was the treatment carried out between 1970 and 1980.

From 1970 to 1980, measures were taken to remove pollutants from the lake water, including the rational construction of pipeline systems to transport residential wastewater and industrial wastewater to treatment plants; and the use of various treatment methods to remove organic matter and phosphorus-containing pollutants from wastewater. After cleaning, the wastewater is discharged into natural environments such as lakes and rivers.

The second is the prevention that started in 1986. Since 1986, measures have been taken to prevent pollutants from entering water bodies (stopping pollution from the source), including establishing strict wastewater discharge standards, banning the use of phosphorus-containing laundry detergents, and trying to reduce nutrients (phosphate and nitrogen fertilizers) in the farming process. Runoff, limiting the amount of fertilizers and pesticides used. In order to improve water quality, the Swiss government has formulated strict laws to restrict sewage discharge and established sewage treatment plants so that even treated sewage will not be discharged into the lake. Since half of this lake belongs to France, the local government has also established a transnational water pollution control mechanism to promote cooperation between the two countries to jointly deal with river water pollution problems. By the beginning of this century, Lake Geneva was completely safe for swimming, rafting or diving, rowing, and the lake water could be drank directly.

3. Analysis of the characteristics of urban construction and tourism development around the lake

1. Taking convention and exhibition, sports, art, and culture as the main development industries to form a comprehensive tourism destination

< p> Geneva is the most international city in Switzerland and the third largest city in Switzerland. The Farah Mountains and the Alps are within easy reach. The quiet Rhone River passes through the city. At the confluence of the lake and the river, several bridges connect the old city and the new city on the north and south sides. Population 200,000. Geneva is famous for the headquarters of international organizations and multinational companies. It has a developed convention and exhibition industry. The convention and exhibition industry has greatly promoted the development of Geneva's tourism industry. Convention tourism accounts for 70% of Geneva's total tourism revenue. A large number of visitors to the Lake Geneva area are guests who come to Geneva to attend conferences.

Lausanne, also known as the Olympic City, is the capital of the Swiss canton of Vaud. It is located in the central area on the north shore of Lake Geneva in southwest Switzerland, connecting Geneva, Bern and Zurich. It is rich in sports, art and culture. city. In 1915, Coubertin established the International Olympic Committee in Lausanne and created the Olympic Museum. Since then, the museum has preserved Olympic collections from all walks of life as well as works of art related to the development of the Olympic movement.

In addition to its beautiful scenery and historical monuments, Lausanne is also an excellent shopping paradise, with a wide range of brand-name goods and local gifts in department stores or specialty stores.

2. The construction of a tourist town famous for its historical monuments and music festivals

⑴. The tourist town of Montreux

Montreux is located among the majestic peaks and charming Between Lake Geneva, the natural environment is extremely beautiful. Due to its unique geographical location, this lakeside tourist resort has a mild and pleasant climate and lush vegetation. The population is approximately 25,000.

The Montreux region is world-famous for its many music festivals and open-air concerts, including the Jazz Festival held every summer. The flower-filled pier, pretty terraces, casino, bars, bistros and clothing stores are also attractive here.

Montreux also has high-end and gorgeous hotels, gaming centers, and vast vineyards. Take the mountain railway to the top of Rochers-de-Neil to enjoy the majestic mountaintop landscape. The mysterious and beautiful scenery of the sparkling Lake Geneva and the towering Alps has attracted many celebrities. Rousseau in the 18th century, the poet Byron in the 19th century, and Hemingway in the 20th century all used this place as the backdrop for their creations.

There is also the famous Chillon Castle near Montreux, where many events such as the Montreux Jazz Festival are held in the summer. Chillon Castle is one of the most beautiful monuments in Switzerland, it is both a castle and a fortress. This majestic medieval castle is built on a rock on the shores of Lake Geneva, between Montreux and Villeneuve. It has two different sides. For the mountain, it is a solid fortress, and for the lake, it is a royal palace.

Montreux Jazz Festival - Jazz, blues, rock, soul, pop, folk, country, reggae, R&B and electronic music will all come together here.

Every year, more than 220,000 spectators enjoy wonderful concerts in the gorgeous Stravinski Auditorium and Miles Davis Hall. In addition, music fans can enjoy exciting musical performances in the streets, at the port and at FESTIVAL OFF.

⑵. Tourist town Evian (also known as Evian)

evian-les-bains, Evian-les-bains means "city of showers" in French. The origin of long-famous mineral water. The Evian Mineral Water Factory is still six or seven kilometers away from the town. To the north is Lake Geneva and the famous Swiss city of Lausanne on the north shore, facing each other, and to the south is the Alps. Evian is a famous tourist destination in France, with more than 7,000 residents in the town.

3. Glacier 3000, a tourist resort with the ice and snow industry as its main selling point

It offers a variety of ice and snow sports: snowboarding, snow golf, snow Cars and dog sleds etc. You can still enjoy the snow and ice even in summer. The restaurant on the top of the mountain was designed by the world-famous designer Mario Botta and is full of futuristic flavor. From here you can see Mont Blanc, the highest peak in Europe.

4. Develop a special tourism product - GoldenPass Line

The world's first panoramic train was first put into operation between Montreux and Zweisimmen It runs to Interlaken and Lucerne. It is the only line in Switzerland that has VIP seats at the front of the train, providing tourists with the same broad field of vision as the train driver. These extremely advanced modern trains bring tourists a new experience, making them feel like they are immersed in magnificent landscapes.

5. Rely on the superior resources of hotel management to build luxury hotels and resorts in the Lake District

Four hotels in the Lake Geneva District are listed as world-class resort hotels: Beau-Rivage Palace Hotel, Lausanne Palace The hotel, the Palace of Montreux and the Grand Hotel du Lac in Vevey are listed in the Forbes Traveler's Directory. (This directory website was founded in 2006 by the American economic magazine Forbes (founded in 1917 by Bertie Charles Forbes) to help travelers search for high-end luxury hotels. Focusing on first-class travel planning, Forbes Traveler is composed of travel experts and luxury Composed of product experts, they ranked 800 four-star or five-star hotels based on specific criteria such as service, decoration, catering and recommended activities)

6. Other special tourism projects

⑴. Vineyard - Lavaux Vineyard (Lavaux) was listed as a World Heritage Site at the end of June 2007. This is not only an honor given to an ancient vineyard, but also an honor given to a fresh vineyard. A living "cultural landscape", making it a vivid expression of a true civilization. In a space of approximately 900 hectares, monks who were pioneers in viticulture as well as winemakers, craftsmen and artists created a unique "artificial landscape" through their work. Many people there genuinely welcome people from all over the world. They are welcome to come here to enjoy the harmonious scenery of light and beauty, to view the beautiful lakes and Alps, to learn about local grape growing and winemaking, and to experience the mutual love between humans and this land. In other words, there is now a perfect integration between the natural environment and the social and economic entities that bring together human knowledge and emotions.

⑵. A variety of water sports - take a cruise on Lake Geneva on the "La Liberté" galley, explore the gems of Lake Geneva, and enjoy the charming scenery around Lake Geneva. This distinctive galley has a long and innovative history: it is the only regularly sailed galley in the world and the largest to date sailing on European lakes. Individual guests can also participate in this event, and the galley "La Liberté" can also be rented for the event.

⑶. Hiking in the Alps - Two new shorter hiking routes have been opened in the Vaud Alps.

Hikers start in Aigle and pass through five places: Lessen, Les Moss, L'Etivaz (Chateau dei) and Le Sépey before returning to Aigle. Accommodation at various hotels, breakfast and lunch picnic provided. The organizer will be responsible for the transportation of tourists' luggage between hotels.

⑷. Maison Blanche Castle: Yvorne’s art of living - Maison Blanche Castle, about 2 kilometers away from Aigle, was built in 1573. This magical building provides tourists with a first-class environment, where guests Share your love for elegant taste with like-minded people***. Whether on holiday, organizing an event such as a conference or wedding, or participating in a seminar on topics such as gastronomy, wine or lifestyle, Maison Blanche will leave an unforgettable memory for everyone.

⑸. Watch Manufacturing Training Center in the Jura Valley

The Jura Valley is an arc-shaped valley about 300 kilometers long. Many distinctive traditional Swiss towns are located in the valley. , except for the clear and long bells of the church, these small towns appear particularly quiet and like a paradise. If the tour guide hadn’t specifically reminded us, it would have been hard to believe that the ordinary-looking houses that flashed past the car window from time to time were actually owned by well-known luxury watchmaking companies - Audemars Piguet, Blancpain, Breguet, Jaeger-LeCoultre, Patek Philippe, etc. location. In recent years, some watchmaking companies from other places have come here to set up offices here; some companies that have moved away will still leave a house with their company logo here to show that they have not forgotten their roots. Statistics show that there are hundreds of watchmaking companies established here, and the Jura Valley is the well-deserved Watch Valley.

Author (Jin Chao): Chairman of the China Waterfront Leisure Industry Alliance, Deputy Secretary-General of the China Marketing Society, Director of the Waterfront Leisure Industry Research Center of the China Marketing Society, and Executive Secretary-General of the World Yacht Festival.