Dunhuang Museum Cultural Creation of Dunhuang Museum

1. How about Jiuquan Dunhuang Museum? 2. The senior outdoor tour leader tells you where to explore the authentic Dunhuang culture. 3. This museum in Gansu is very small, witnessing the Silk Road and the Beiliang Stone Pagoda, a national treasure cultural relic. What about Jiuquan Dunhuang Museum? Dunhuang Museum is located in Dunhuang Museum, Yangguan East Road, Dunhuang City. It is a comprehensive landmark museum with historical relics as the main body. The current site of the museum is built at 1984, with three floors of the main building and a construction area of 2,400 square meters. In front of the building is a group of large sculptures symbolizing camel trekking on the ancient Silk Road. Collection of cultural relics 14, including stone tools, pottery, porcelain, woodwork, writing classics, Han bamboo slips, silk, jade beads, tiles, calligraphy and painting, rubbings, ancient coins, ironware and bronzes, totaling more than 4,000 pieces.

Dunhuang Museum now has more than 4,000 cultural relics. * * * is divided into three parts:

The first part focuses on the display of Dunhuang Mogao grottoes (Cave 17).

The second part focuses on the display: cultural relics unearthed from tombs in Han, Three Kingdoms, Jin, Sui and Tang Dynasties, mainly including stone tablets, stone pagodas, pottery boxes, pottery ding, tomb animals, lotus bricks, unicorn bricks and so on. Among them, Kirin brick is the rarest. This is a kind of high relief, and the hooves of unicorns are flying in the air like a galloping horse.

The third part focuses on the exhibition: silk brocade, silk, yarn, Luo and other physical objects; Han bamboo slips, as well as iron and bronze tools and weapons.

Dunhuang Museum has two exhibition rooms for historical relics, displaying more than 2,000 precious cultural relics unearthed and collected locally, including all kinds of pottery, scriptures, currency, stone mills, wooden crying ghosts, bricks and tiles, bronzes, silk, pearls and jade articles from the primitive society to the late Qing Dynasty. The Great Wall Exhibition in Han Dynasty mainly introduces the Great Wall site in Dunhuang, showing unearthed bamboo slips, hemp paper, barley and millet, fire handles and small torches used in beacon towers and models of the Great Wall site in Han Dynasty. Celebrity painting and calligraphy exhibition room, mainly based on ink left by Dunhuang celebrities and painters. Among them, there are the famous Dunhuang suicide note unearthed from the Mogao Grottoes, rare Tibetan scriptures in the world, and precious ancient geography, meteorology and military manuscripts, all of which are treasures of the town hall.

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The senior outdoor tour leader tells you where to explore the authentic Dunhuang culture, Dunhuang Dunhuang Museum. In the impression of many people, there are only two poems. The spring breeze doesn't pass through Yumenguan, so people have no reason to walk out of Yangguan in the west, far away and desolate. But in fact, the essence of Dunhuang is far more than that. "Dunhuang Grottoes" and "Dunhuang Murals" are world-famous. Dunhuang has a long history and splendid culture. If you come to Dunhuang, you must play like this to truly see its unique legend and civilization.

Dunhuang, known as Shazhou in ancient times, is located on the Silk Road, the main road leading to the western regions, Central Asia and Europe in ancient China. The cultural treasure house Mogao Grottoes, the Millennium wonder Mingsha Mountain Crescent Spring, the scenic spot Yangguan, Yumenguan and the majestic ghost town of Ya Dan all tell the story of Dunhuang's massiness and beauty.

What is even more amazing is Dunhuang culture, which is self-contained. As the meeting point of various cultures, China, Indian, Greek and Islamic cultures meet here. As the world's top art palace, those murals and sculptures from the 4th century to 1 1 century have brought people a very strong artistic feeling. On the other hand, Dunhuang is a treasure house of documents. In these tens of thousands of red-axis yellow scrolls, there are rich literature resources in various languages, covering a wide range of fields such as politics, economy, military, philosophy, religion, literature, nationality, history, science and technology.

Therefore, it is really a pity to come to Dunhuang and miss its cultural experience, so I share this strategy. If you come to Dunhuang, you must play like this to truly see its unique legend and civilization.

(A) the historical changes in Dunhuang

1, the rise of Dunhuang

Dunhuang has a history of more than 2000 years. As an important town of the Silk Road, there are many relics here. There are 265 cultural relics in Dunhuang, including 3 world cultural heritages and 4 national key cultural relics. During the Western Han Dynasty, Dunhuang built a county, built the Great Wall, and set up Yangguan and Wangmen Pass. Since then, Dunhuang's historical position has been officially confirmed, and it has become an important military town, commodity trading center and grain production base on the Silk Road.

2. The prosperity of Dunhuang

However, the period when Dunhuang's real economy and culture fully blossomed was the Sui and Tang Dynasties. With the development of Central Plains culture and the spread of Confucian classics, Buddhist culture originated in India also spread to Dunhuang. In the brief Sui Dynasty, the wind of opening holes in Daxing, Dunhuang. During the Tang Dynasty, Dunhuang economy developed steadily again. The Silk Road is smooth across the board, and the economic and cultural exchanges between China and the West are frequent, further condensing the cultures from the Central Plains, India, West Asia and Central Asia. During this period, the construction of Dunhuang Grottoes reached its peak (you will also have obvious feelings when you visit Mogao Grottoes).

3. The decline of Dunhuang.

Prosperity and decline, the development of history is never an exception. In the Song Dynasty, Dunhuang began to lose its luster. With the development of the Maritime Silk Road and the decline of the Land Silk Road, Dunhuang lost its important position as a transit point between China and the West and the gateway to the Western Regions, and the Mogao Grottoes also declined. After the Yuan Dynasty, Dunhuang stopped opening caves and gradually became barren. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, Jiayuguan and Dunhuang were even blocked, completely becoming nomadic places in the frontier fortress.

4. The disaster in Dunhuang

This stage lasted for nearly 200 years. It was not until the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty that Dunhuang's economy began to recover. The Mogao Grottoes have also begun to attract attention. The Tibetan Sutra Cave, which shocked the world, was discovered in the 26th year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1900). Unfortunately, under the specific historical background of the corrupt and incompetent government and the invasion of China by western powers in the late Qing Dynasty, shortly after the discovery of the cultural relics in the Tibetan Sutra Cave, Stein and other western explorers followed, and defrauded a large number of cultural relics in the Tibetan Sutra Cave from Taoist Wang by unfair means, resulting in the looting of cultural relics in the Tibetan Sutra Cave and unprecedented catastrophe in the cultural history of China.

5. The rebirth of Dunhuang

After the founding of New China, the cultural relics in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes have been truly and effectively protected and scientifically and rationally utilized. Especially since the reform and opening up, Dunhuang cultural relics protection has developed vigorously. Nowadays, under the guidance of the Belt and Road policy, Dunhuang has ushered in a once-in-a-lifetime development opportunity. This civilized ancient city attracts the attention of the whole world with its splendid cultural heritage. Dunhuang of mankind, the temple of culture.

(2) The grotto murals that shocked the world

As a symbolic symbol of Dunhuang, grotto mural art can also be said to be an outstanding representative of Dunhuang culture. Dunhuang grottoes murals have made great achievements. The world-famous Mogao Grottoes are full of treasures. Moreover, in Dunhuang, there are cultural relics such as Yulin Cave and West Thousand Buddha Cave, which are not well-known, but are actually hidden dragons and crouching tigers. They shocked the world with unparalleled value.

Dunhuang has many relics and scenic spots. But only a few people are familiar with it. In fact, the most primitive Dunhuang culture is not only hidden in Mogao Grottoes, Yumenguan and Yangguan, but also in some places that have not been mentioned. Here, I will share with you four routes to explore Dunhuang culture. Maybe there are three. You haven't heard of them. But every road and every point here has been thoroughly investigated. Please believe that to understand a city, the best is probably hidden in the humble unpopular.

(1) 1 Line Dunhuang Museum: Sanwei Mountain+Mogao Grottoes

1, first stop: Sanwei Mountain

Three dangerous mountains have almost never been considered by tourists or travel agencies. But in good conscience, if you drive or charter a car, it's really worth seeing here. It has been an important religious pilgrimage site in Dunhuang since ancient times, and the Mogao Grottoes were built because of the Buddha's light of Sanwei Mountain. Sanwei Mountain is located 25 kilometers southeast of Dunhuang City. Turn left along the path 3 kilometers away from the Mogao Grottoes, cross a steep sidewalk 350 meters long, and cross the mountains for 3 kilometers to reach Sanwei Holy Land. You can see the panoramic view of the Mogao grottoes by climbing Sanxian Mountain, which is very spectacular.

You need to take a taxi or drive to Sanwei Mountain, and Dunhuang locals will also meet by bike. Scenic spots along the way include Shanmen Archway, Wang Mu Palace, Guanyin Well, Amitabha Hall, Guanyin Hall, Longwang Temple, Heianji, Sakyamuni Giant Buddha, laojunmiao and other temples and temples. On the distant mountain, there are the Yuezun Hall and various inscriptions and statues. Guanyin well and Sakyamuni Buddha are more famous. According to legend, Guanyin Well is a drop of water from Guanyin Bodhisattva holding a clean bottle. People who go to Buddha will put a bucket of well water to drink here. According to legend, it has the effect of purifying water, clearing heart and eliminating all diseases. Continuing eastward, there stands an Longwang Temple in the southwest among the hills ahead, and there is a Heianji in front of it. A little further on the mountain, there is a 66-meter-high siddhattha gotama standing on the top of the mountain, sitting east to west, lined up with other temples. At the foot of the giant Buddha, you can have a panoramic view of the three dangerous holy places. Laojun Temple is an ancient temple in the easternmost part, dedicated to the old gentleman on the throne, in order to bless the peace of one party.

There is a checkpoint at the fork of the digital center of the Mogao Grottoes because it is the same road to Sanwei Mountain and Mogao Grottoes. You need to buy tickets at Sun Hot Spring Hotel in advance to release them. Admission 20 yuan/person.

2. Second stop: Mogao Grottoes

Mogao Grottoes is the largest and richest Buddhist art site in the world. There are 735 caves, 45,000 square meters of murals and 24 15 clay sculptures. Please refer to the first part "An Introduction to Dunhuang Grottoes Mural Art" for its content and value, and don't repeat it too much. Mogao is about12km away from the urban area, and it can be reached in about 30 minutes by car.

Visiting the Mogao Grottoes has a different experience in the off-season. 165438+1October 1- April 30th of the following year is the off-season and the peak season is May1-June 65438+1October 3rd1. Among them, the Golden Week in July-August and 1 1 month is the hottest period in the Mogao Grottoes. Especially in recent years, it is hard to get a ticket at the peak. Under normal circumstances, due to fewer people in the off-season, there is more time to visit. After watching the digital movie, you can follow the narrator to visit about 10 caves, which is very valuable. But in the peak season, it will be compressed to about 8. If it is an emergency visit, you can only visit the four classic caves, and you can't watch digital movies.

There are also many kinds of tickets for the Mogao Grottoes, including ordinary tickets, foreign guests tickets, emergency tickets, digital exhibition center tickets, special cave tickets and so on. Students and other special groups can enjoy some preferential tickets according to their special status. Off-season tickets are generally 50% of the peak season.

Normal ticket season 1, 200 yuan/person/time, off-season 100 yuan/person/time;

2. 220 yuan 120 yuan for each foreign language ticket in off-season and peak season (including 20 yuan foreign language explanation fee);

3, emergency ticket 100 yuan/person; Digital Exhibition Center ticket 50 yuan/person-time (visit the Digital Center and watch the ball screen movie);

4. Vouchers for visiting special caves are only processed in the off-season and are not accepted in the tourist season. You need to explain the information desk in the parking lot of Mogao Grottoes and the grottoes in the reception department of Dunhuang Research Institute.

Visit process of Mogao Grottoes:

Real-name registration system registered to book tickets-watch digital movies upon arrival-take a bus ferry to the caves-visit the physical caves-visit the Dunhuang Grottoes Cultural Relics Protection Research and Exhibition Center.

(2) Route 2: Western Jin Tomb+Suoyangcheng+Yulin Cave+East Thousand Buddha Cave.

1, the first stop: Tomb of the Western Jin Dynasty

Tomb of the Western Jin Dynasty, about15km southeast of the city, in the vast Gobi. In this place, even the locals rarely go, and travel agencies often fail to send tours because of the small number of people. But if you are interested in history and cultural relics, it is a good choice to go here.

The tomb of the Western Jin Dynasty is a Jia-shaped tomb where husband and wife are buried together. 1983, the stolen people found and stole the cultural relics, and then they were excavated. The height of the whole tomb hole is more than ten meters. Walking down the stairs, you can see the main tomb gate, about 1.5 meters high. Above the tomb door are layers of square bricks with exquisite patterns, as well as colored bricks engraved with dragons, white tigers, suzaku and Xuanwu. The main room of the tomb is a typical square with lotus flowers on the top, and the coffins of the master couple are placed side by side, with murals of the master couple in front. On the left is the owner's kitchen, and on the right is a tiny wing.

The temperature in the tomb is suitable and the humidity is even, so you don't have to worry about discomfort when visiting. On this route, there may be irregular tours from travel agencies in July, August, 1 1 month, which requires prior consultation; If you can't keep up with the tour group, you can charter a car to cooperate with the subsequent Suoyangcheng and Yulin Cave, which is more cost-effective Tickets for 30 yuan/person in Western Jin Tomb Scenic Area can be purchased on site.

2. Suspension spring

Xuanquanzhi site is located 2 kilometers southeast of the sweet well rest area of Andun Highway. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, it was a receiving and transit point for people and mail between Guazhou and Dunhuang. The structure of the remains is complete, the unearthed cultural relics are rich, the remains are well preserved, and the cultural connotation is extensive, which is one of the major achievements of the archaeological community in China in recent years.

Now, you must not go to expressway to go to Hangquanjia site. You need to take the sidewalk below expressway to get there. You can go through the Gao Qiao on the second floor of the Sweet Water Well Rest Area, walk two kilometers east along expressway, pass the Fengsui station of the Sweet Water Well Wharf, and then walk about one kilometer south. There is Hangquanjia Site Management Office in the scenic area, and you can see the relevant literature and history materials of Hangquanjia Site. As the site is being developed, tickets are not accepted, but you need to apply to Dunhuang Museum for permission to enter the site.

Sculpture "Son of the Earth" from Dunhuang to Yulin Cave

3. Third stop: Suoyangcheng

The site of Suoyang City is about 22 kilometers away from Suoyang Town, Guazhou County. Both sides of the road are covered with red willows, which mainly play the role of sand prevention and forest protection, and sheep and camels can also be seen. The first is the tourist center of Suoyangcheng site, where you can visit the site museum, and then buy tickets and take the shuttle bus to visit the site. According to the structure, Cynomorium can be divided into two cities: inner city and outer city. Entering the inner city, there are a large number of earthen platforms, houses, Ta 'er Temple and other architectural relics. Standing here, what you see is desolate, but the vicissitudes and heaviness of history are shocking.

The opening hours of Cynomorium songaricum are adjusted twice a year. May 1 to June 1 is the tourist season, and it is open from 8: 30 to 18: 00 (ticket sales will be stopped at 17:30). 1 65438+1October1April 30th is the off-season for tourism, and the opening hours are from 9: 00 to 17:00( 16:30 stops selling tickets). 80 yuan/person in peak season, 50 yuan/person in low season. You need to take a sightseeing battery car to visit the scenic spot, and the fare is 20/ person.

4. Fourth stop: Yulin Cave

Yulin Grottoes, located about 70 kilometers from Guazhou County, need to be called Wanfo Gorge. It is the sister grottoes of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, and it takes three hours to walk from Dunhuang. It takes about 30 kilometers to drive through Suoyang Town, with desolate Gobi Desert on both sides of the road. Approaching Yulin Cave, you can see the river flowing in Yulin River Canyon, and Yulin Cave is dug on the cliff of the canyon.

Yulin Cave is generally open to visit 7 caves. The other four caves are open and you need to buy tickets separately to visit. In the peak season (May 1-1October 3 1), the opening hours are 9: 00-17: 30 (tickets are closed at June 16: 30), and in the off-season (165433) Admission 40 yuan/person.

5. Fifth stop: East Thousand Buddha Cave

Dong Qian Giant Buddha Cave is one of the Dunhuang Grottoes, located on both sides of the canyon 35km south of Ziqiao Township, Guazhou County, with 23 caves. Under special circumstances, tickets can be purchased at the tourist center of Suoyangcheng site to visit Dongqian Buddha Cave. Admission to 380 yuan/person (No.2 Cave 150 yuan, No.5 Cave 100 Yuan, No.7 Cave 100 Yuan, Pukou 30 yuan), and then the tour will be led by a professional interpreter at the site of Suoyangcheng. During the visit, you are not allowed to take pictures, touch or depict painted murals or damage cultural relics. To tell the truth, the murals here are really beautiful and worth seeing.

(3) Line 3: Xiqian Buddha Cave+Yangguan+Yumenguan Han Great Wall+Hezang City.

This line is actually the western line of Dunhuang. Generally, you can join a group or charter a bus to the western line. The West Thousand Buddha Cave belongs to a special point. If you must go here, you can choose to sign up for a small group or charter a car.

1, West Thousand Buddha Cave

West Thousand Buddha Cave, located 35km southwest of Dunhuang, on the cliff on the north bank of Danghe River, is named because it is located in the west of Mogao Grottoes, and is separated from Mogao Grottoes only by Mingsha Mountain. There are 0/6 existing caves/kloc-,most of which were dug in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and only 9 can be seen. Others can only look up from the cliff because they can't board the ship. Compared with the Mogao Grottoes, it will be simpler here. Admission 40 yuan/person.

2. Yangguan

Yangguan scenic spot is about 55 kilometers away from Dunhuang ancient city. During the Han and Tang Dynasties, it was an important border pass and the earliest customs in China. The Tang Dynasty poet Wang Wei's Weicheng Qu "advised you to drink more and go out of Yangguan for no reason" made Yangguan famous throughout the ages. Yangguan scenic spot is rich in the scenic spots on the west line of Dunhuang. There are relics, museums and ancient cities for sightseeing. With explanation and guidance, you can have a good understanding of history. The tour time in Yangguan is about 2 hours. Tickets for 50 yuan, sightseeing bus 10 yuan. Ps: Watching the sunset in Yangguan Scenic Area is especially tasty.

3. Yumenguan+Han Great Wall+Hezang City

I have been to Yangguan. Under normal circumstances, everyone's next trip is Yumenguan, Hecang City and Han Great Wall. This is the place where "the spring breeze doesn't spend Yumen Pass". These three scenic spots are all in one place, with a package ticket for 40 yuan/person. It is about 100 km away from the urban area. Because it is mainly a few sites, there is nothing to see. Half an hour is enough for sightseeing.

Yangguan scenic spot

yumenguan site

Hecang city

Of course, many people will choose to take this route by car. The disadvantage of this route is that there are Gobi along the way, which is easy to be visually tired, so pay more attention. Tickets can be purchased in packages, which is more convenient.

(4) Line 4: Leiyin Temple+City Museum+Baimata Temple+Shazhou Ancient City.

1, the first stop: Leiyin Temple

The Leiyin Temple in Dunhuang is about 4 kilometers away from the city, on the way to Yueya Spring in the south of the city. It is the largest and most important place for Buddhist activities in Dunhuang. On the 15th of every month, a large number of citizens will flood into the country to burn incense and worship Buddha, praying for peace and harmony. There will be lay people and volunteers in the temple to prepare vegetarian food for pilgrims from afar.

Every year on the eighth day of the fourth lunar month, on the birthday of Buddha Sakyamuni, a grand ceremony is held. Monks and nuns and pilgrims use flowers, lamps and candles as offerings, bathe Buddha statues with fragrant soup, and people try to do prayer activities such as giving alms, releasing people and begging for children.

Throughout the ages, Dunhuang people regard the eighth day of April as an important festival. In recent years, Buddhist festivals commemorating the Buddha's birthday have gradually evolved into colorful temple fairs, where beautiful prayers are left while celebrating the Buddha's birthday. In 20 13, Leiyin Temple was rated as an international 3A-level scenic spot, which was open to tourists free of charge.

2. Dunhuang Museum

Many people don't take Dunhuang Museum as a stop on their itinerary, but I think it's actually worth seeing.

There are more than 4,000 pieces of cultural relics in Dunhuang Museum, among which the famous "Dunhuang suicide note" unearthed from the Tibetan scriptures cave in Mogao Grottoes and the rare Tibetan scriptures in the world are the treasures of the town museum. You can visit here for free. Remember to bring your ID card. (Closed on Monday)

It's also convenient to go to the museum. Take Dunhuang No.3 bus, get off at Jinye Hotel Station and walk 500 meters south along Mingshan North Road.

Dunhuang city is very small, about 2 kilometers from the municipal government in the city center to the museum and about 2.5 kilometers from the bus station. You can get there within 10 yuan by taxi.

It usually takes an hour and a half to visit a museum. If you watch carefully, you can stay a little longer.

3. Baima Pagoda Temple

Baimata Temple is located in Hongxing Village, Danghe Township, Dunhuang City. Cross the Baimata Bridge and walk 500 meters west to get there. Admission 15 yuan/person. There is a white pagoda in Baima Temple, with nine floors and a height of about12m. According to legend, Kumarajiva, a monk, spread Buddhism eastward, passing through Dunhuang City and built it for the dead white horse. The seventh floor stone pagoda is engraved with the words of restoration in different periods. Because of the new development, the content is not as rich as other scenic spots in Dunhuang Museum, so it is quiet here and there are few tourists.

4. Shazhou Ancient Town

Shazhou Old Town is the old town of Dunhuang, commonly known as "Old Town Pier", which is the old town of Han Dynasty. It is not a scenic spot, but it is a memorable place (few tourists know it, but local people will feel more about it). The plane of the old city ruins is rectangular. The existing ruins are all in broken walls, and there is a pier in the northwest corner, which is twice as high as the city wall. Dunhuang county used to be the traffic throat of the western regions, where business travelers from east to west, as well as envoys, soldiers and monks from various countries had to pass through. Today, this once brilliant county and city has become a pile of loess, but it still tells the glory of the past.

(5) Evening arrangement: Watch the performance. Choose one of the classic three, you should choose like this.

The nightlife in Dunhuang can also be very rich. In addition to visiting the night market to eat delicious food, there is also a special experience, and it is best not to miss it, that is, "watching performances." Dunhuang's profound historical and cultural heritage gives artists great space for conception and creation. Rain on Silk Road, Looking at Dunhuang again and Sacrifice to Dunhuang are three representative performing arts with Dunhuang as the core of the story, which are worth seeing.

However, since all three performances are in the evening, many friends may want to see which one. Here we make a simple analysis and comparison:

1. From the perspective of ticket prices, the starting price of Dunhuang Festival is the lowest, and the average ticket price in Dunhuang is the highest. The input cost of the performance determines the ticket price. Because relatively speaking, the overall investment in Dunhuang is relatively large, from new venues to equipment, so it is inevitable that the price is relatively high.

2. From the point of view of location: the transportation of the three performance locations is convenient, so the distance is not a problem.

3. From the content of the performance: Rain on Silk Road is a dance drama, with affection and friendship as its main contents; Looking at Dunhuang again is a situational experience drama, with historical stories as the main line (the topic is also the biggest one); Dunhuang Festival is basically a love story. The topic is different, and the momentum and feelings are definitely different. Therefore, it depends on whether you like "small jasper" or "majestic".

(1) Accommodation strategy: Conscience accommodation location, recommended by the hotel.

Dunhuang is a small city, so don't care too much about the location of the hotel (unless it is particularly biased). So, basically everyone can choose at will. And the distance from downtown hotels to scenic spots is similar, so don't worry too much.

1, group recommendation: There are countless hotels and inns in Dunhuang, and the prices vary greatly according to different grades. You can choose according to your own needs. However, considering the itinerary in the next two days, if you choose to join the group, it is recommended to be in Dunhuang Hotel, Dunhe Hotel or Carnival Boutique Hotel. These three hotels are common venues for sending delegations, so traveling will save time. The location and service reputation of the hotel are also good.

2. Experience characteristics: If you have enough time and want to experience local characteristics in depth, you can also book a local B&B inn or theme hotel in advance.

3. Convenient shopping: If this is considered as a standard, the surrounding area of Shazhou Night Market is the best zone. There are all kinds of special snacks and handicrafts in the night market. There is a large shopping mall opposite the main entrance of the night market, and Watsons has everything. If you bring less things, it is convenient to replenish them at any time.

(2) Dunhuang cuisine: special cuisine, recommended by restaurants with high cost performance.

There are many special cuisines in Dunhuang. Here are some introductions:

1, donkey meat yellow noodles

Yellow noodles of donkey meat can basically be said to be the most famous special snack in Dunhuang. A portion of noodles, a portion of minced meat (referring to the topping of noodles) and a portion of donkey meat constitute a complete yellow noodle meal of donkey meat. The price of yellow noodles of donkey meat is relatively high, but the noodles and minced meat are not expensive, mainly on donkey meat. The most famous shops in Dunhuang are Daji and Zhang Shun, with many tourists. But in fact, there are many small shops and the taste is good. You can look at the scores on the group buying platform to choose.

2. Dunhuang jiaozi noodles

Dunhuang minced meat noodles are also called "longevity noodles". Longevity noodles and alkaline noodles existed in the Tang Dynasty and have been the best hospitality products in Dunhuang since ancient times. In Dunhuang, this kind of long noodles should be made on important days such as the birthday of the elderly, the full moon of children, and the family's going away. Because a proper amount of edible alkali will be added when kneading the noodles, the noodles made are flexible and firm, refreshing and comfortable, slender and symmetrical. The key to minced meat noodles is soup, and the production of soup is very particular. First, stir-fry minced meat noodles made of pork, mutton, radish and potatoes in a pot, then add water, supplemented by seasoning, and then pick the noodles into the soup. If you want to eat delicious minced meat noodles, you can go to small shops on the street (the first one is Shazhou Market and Pedestrian Street).

3. Mutton powder soup and juice

Mutton powder soup is a traditional snack in Dunhuang. The selection of mutton is meticulous and must be fat sheep raised locally. Fragrant mutton soup, sprinkled with coriander powder, leek and onion, pepper and so on. Generally, there are pieces of meat, vermicelli and steamed bread in the soup, which are fat but not greasy. Mutton powder soup has good nourishing, antipyretic and cold-dispelling effects, and Dunhuang people will eat it as breakfast. Compared with powder soup, mixed juice is richer in content, including meatballs and sandwiches. Xiajiahe juice is a cost-effective shop, and it only sells for one morning, and it tastes great.

4. Mud surface

Add celery, bailai, etc. to make slurry. Put it in noodle soup and ferment it in a jar. Some people can't accept the taste of pulp. In fact, mud is the best summer solution. Soak the cooked handmade noodles in cold water, add the pulp, pour in chopped green onion, and sprinkle with coriander powder to make the pulp noodles. The paste is simple to make and tastes sour and delicious. It is a kind of pasta that Dunhuang locals often eat in summer. This general store will do well. If you want to eat, you can try a small noodle restaurant. Unless there is an accident, there will be no "dark cuisine".

5, Mogao stuffed skin

The local dialect in Dunhuang calls "Niang" "Rang" and "Mogao Nianpi". Cut the stuffed skin and mix with seasonings such as garlic juice, pepper and sesame oil. Hot and sour, flexible and refreshing, people can't stop. Be sure to pay attention to the name when buying, because many small shops in Dunhuang also sell rice skin, rolled dough and so on. This is actually different from doing skin. Remember to ask clearly.

6, red willows dial a knot in one's heart

Poke a knot in one's heart is a special snack in Dunhuang. It is to make noodles into batter, directly make them into small pieces with chopsticks, and then cook them, and eat them in different ways. Usually dry mixing, stewing and frying. It tastes a bit like saute spicy chicken, but it is more diverse and rich than saute spicy chicken. The name "red willow plucking pimples" was originally cooked with red willow strips. But chopsticks are basically used now. You can also go to the snack street or the sandbar market to eat acne. The shop tastes good.

7. Hu mutton stew cake

Populus euphratica stew cake is an authentic flavor food in Dunhuang, which is made of mutton, ribs or chicken and flour cakes. Stewed cakes are both the staple food and the main course in Dunhuang, and they are deeply loved because of their "carrion cake fragrance". Dunhuang people say that "chicken stew cake, tractor ridge" is the magical charm of this food. Just out of the pot, the red sesame seed cake smells delicious, and the bread with gravy is soft and delicious. Stewed meat for a long time is fat but not greasy, and every chopstick is expected.

Of course, if you like Dunhuang, you can find more interesting things by yourself.

This museum in Gansu is very small, witnessing the Silk Road, and Beiliang Stone Pagoda, a national treasure cultural relic, is the westernmost city of Hexi Corridor and the important town of the Silk Road. Dunhuang was once prosperous in history, where eastern and western civilizations met. The desert and Gobi desert make Dunhuang look desolate, but fortunately, the cultural relics hidden in Dunhuang Museum still witness the glory of the city.

Although the small-scale Dunhuang Museum lacks some attraction and popularity compared with the online celebrity museums such as the Palace Museum with rich collections, it has also become one of the museums that must punch in the Hexi Corridor and the Silk Road relics.

A major feature of Dunhuang Museum in Gansu Province: Han bamboo slips

These Han bamboo slips collected in the Gansu Provincial Museum were unearthed at the Guansai site of the Great Wall in the Han Dynasty. They are also called "Dunhuang Han bamboo slips" because they are the earliest and largest bamboo slips found in Dunhuang County in the Han Dynasty. The content of Dunhuang Han bamboo slips is mainly based on frontier defense. These Han bamboo slips unearthed in recent years, as well as the contract documents reflecting the loan relationship in Dunhuang people's lives at that time, re-displayed the brilliant urban landscape at that time.

A major feature of Dunhuang Museum in Gansu Province: tomb animals.

What we see is a tomb beast unearthed near Dunhuang. Ancient people thought that tomb animals could ward off evil spirits and protect the safety of the dead. Therefore, tomb raiders often use animals such as tigers to shape artifacts. Like the tomb animals in the town, there are also heavenly king figurines as funerary objects, which are rich in color and magnificent, and are also exquisite works in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

A major feature of Dunhuang Museum in Gansu Province: brick painting

Brick paintings in Wei and Jin Dynasties had the same function as tomb animals, and were also used as funerary objects. Because in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, under the influence of talking style and Taoist thought, painting reached a new peak, especially murals, lacquer paintings, stone reliefs and brick reliefs.

Dunhuang Museum has collected many remains of portrait bricks in Wei and Jin Dynasties, including figures, animals, folk customs, etc. The figures also show the features of Xianbei people and Hu people. Birds and animals include ducks, horses, white elephants, white sheep, white tigers and suzaku. There are also myths and legends such as the Queen Mother of the West and Fuxi.

However, I personally prefer those brick paintings that reflect the folk customs of Wei and Jin Dynasties. In a word, these brick paintings in Dunhuang Museum will definitely give you a taste of Wei and Jin dynasties.

Dunhuang Museum of Gansu First University