Briefly describe the process of the invention of world movies and their introduction into China.

On February 28th, 1895 1895, the French Lumiere brothers screened the film "Train Arrived" for the first time in the "Grand Cafe" in Paris, marking the official birth of the film.

The appearance of the world's first film

1872 One day, in a hotel in California, there was a heated argument between Stanford and Cohen: did the horses all land when running? Stanford thinks that a running horse's hoof is empty at the moment of jumping; On the other hand, Cohen thinks that horses always touch the ground when running. No one could convince anyone of the result of the argument, so the usual bet method was adopted to solve it. They hired an excellent horse trainer to judge, however, it is difficult for the referee to judge who is right and who is wrong. This is normal, because it is really difficult to see how the fast-running horseshoe moves with the human eye alone.

When the referee's good friend, British photographer McBride, learned about it, he said he could give it a try. He arranged 24 cameras on one side of the runway, and their lenses were all aimed at the runway; On the other side of the runway, he ran into 24 stakes, each with a rope tied to it. These wires cross the runway and are tied to the shutter of each camera opposite. When everything was ready, McBride brought a beautiful horse and let it run from one end of the runway to the other. When the horse ran through this area, 24 leads tripped in turn, and the shutters of 24 cameras pulled in turn, and 24 photos were taken. McBride cut these photos in order. Every two adjacent photos have little difference in action, and they form a continuous photo belt. According to this set of photos, the referee finally saw that the horse had a hoof on the ground all the time when it was running, and it would not fly, thus judging that Cohen won.

It is reasonable to say that the story should end here, but this bet and its strange judgment method have aroused great interest. Mcbride showed people a photo tape with images of galloping horses over and over again. Once, someone unconsciously pulled the photo tape quickly, and as a result, a strange scene appeared in front of him: the static horse in each photo was folded into a moving horse, and it was "alive"!

Biologist Marley was inspired by this. He tried to study the action forms of animals with photos. Of course, the problem of continuous photography must be solved first, because McBride's photography is too troublesome and not practical enough. Male is a clever man. After several years of unremitting efforts, he finally made a portable "fixed film continuous camera" at 1888, which is the originator of modern cameras. Since then, many inventors have turned their attention to the development of film cameras. On February 28th, 1895 1895, the French Lumiere brothers screened the film "Train Arrived" for the first time in the "Grand Cafe" in Paris, marking the official birth of the film.

Of course, the birth of the film at the end of 19 is fundamentally a comprehensive product of the combination of technology and art. Before the birth of the film, many inventors had done hard work and made fundamental contributions to the birth of the film. Besides the scientific inventors mentioned above, there are many others, such as Edison, a great American inventor. The betting event between Stanford and Cohen, like a catalyst for the great changes in the combination of these technologies, quickly led to the emergence and production of comprehensive film technology, which made the great art of film knock on the door of the 20 th century.

The process of being introduced into China

Some people think that movies can be traced back to the lantern shadow play in the Han Dynasty and the shadow play that followed. However, the truly meaningful movies were not invented by China, but by Europe with advanced modern science and technology. 1895 12.28 The successful screening of Lumiere Brothers in Cafe Capesin Road 14 in Paris officially marked the arrival of the film era.

Since China had nothing to do with the invention of films, the development of China films began with film screening. 1896, Lumir brothers hired twenty assistants to show movies on five continents. In this way, the film, a cultural product with both artistic and commodity values, was introduced into China under the impetus of the business strategy of western businessmen to expand the market. Subsequently, many European and American businessmen saw that China's film industry was profitable and invested in China. They run the projection industry, build and develop chain cinemas, and even set up a film enterprise in China to make films.

A hundred years of China movies.

The earliest film shown in China —— The Western Film shown by French businessmen in "Another Village" Teahouse in Xu Yuan, August 1896+0.

The first film produced by China-Dingjun Mountain, a Peking Opera fragment shot by Beijing Fengtai Studio 1905 in autumn in cooperation with Tan Xinpei, a famous Peking Opera actor, is a documentary of China traditional opera. It marks the official birth of China films.

The first cinema in China-1907 The first cinema-Ping An Film Company was built in Chang 'an Street, Beijing, and operated by foreign investors.

Dingjunshan fragment

China's first film production company-1909, American Blaskey has been longing for this land of wealth for a long time. Not far away, Wan Li came to Hong Kong Road and established the Asian Film Company. This is the first film production company in China.

China's first short story film-1913 The feature film "The Husband and Wife Are Difficult" (also known as "Wedding Candle") directed by Zheng Qiuzheng and Zhang Shichuan is the first work after the opening of Asian film companies and the first family ethics drama.

China's first feature film-192 1 The first feature film "Yan" was filmed by China Film Research Association in Shanghai.

China's first film publication-1922 1 China's first film publication, Shadow Magazine, was founded by Kengfu Gu and Lu Jie.

The First Film Academy in China-1922 In March, Zheng Qiuzheng, Zhang Shichuan and others founded the first film academy in China-Star Film Academy (later changed to Star Actor Training Academy), with Zheng Qiuzheng as the principal to train film talents.

China's first complete screenplay-1924, Shen Tu Youyou's Hong Shen was published in Oriental Magazine.

China's first movie song-193065438+On February 3rd, the movie "Weeds and Flowers" produced by Lianhua Company was released, and the first movie song "Looking for Brother" in China was dubbed with a wax board.

China's first sound film-193103 15, China's first sound film "The Goddess Red Peony" was released, which adopted wax disc dubbing technology.

China's first minister's cartoon-194 1, China's first minister's cartoon "Princess of the Iron Fan" was completed and received rave reviews after its release.

China's fine arts film won the first prize in the world-1956 The puppet film "The Magic Pen" won the first prize for children's entertainment in the 8th International Children's Film Festival.

China's first newspaper clipping-19.58 million Gu Chan directed China's first newspaper clipping "Pig Eight Rings Eat Watermelon", which added a new variety to art films.

China's first color widescreen stereoscopic film-1962 Shanghai Tianma Film Studio completed China's first color widescreen stereoscopic feature film "The Magician's Adventure".