Su Shi, the Temple Monument of Han Wengong in Chaozhou (Five Essentials of Chinese Studies-Volume One of Ancient Chinese Studies)

The original text

A man is a hundred teachers, and a word is the law of the world. Is that everyone has the luck to rise and fall. His life has its own origins, and his death has its own actions. Therefore, Fu Shuo (ㄩㄝˋ Yue) is a listed star [1], which has been passed down from ancient times to modern times and cannot be falsely claimed. Mencius said, "I am good at nurturing my noble spirit [2]. "It is qi, which is in the ordinary, and it is between heaven and earth. When a pawn meets, the princes lose their wealth, Jin Chu loses his wealth, Liangping loses his wisdom, Ben loses his courage, and Yi Qin loses his argument [3]. Who made it happen? There must be people who do not follow the shape, do not rely on strength, do not stay alive, and do not die with death. Therefore, in the sky, it is a star, in the earth, it is a river, and the secluded is a ghost, while the bright is a man again. This principle is normal, and there is no blame.

since the eastern Han dynasty, Taoism has lost its disadvantages and heresy has arisen. The prosperity of Zhenguan and Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty, supplemented by Fang Du Yao Song [4], could not be saved. Alone, Han Wengong raised a cloth, laughed and talked about it, and the world went from public to justice, and it was built here for 3 years. The decline of Wen Qi's eight generations [5], while Dao Ji drowned in the world; Loyal to the anger of the prisoner [6], and won the handsome of the three armed forces [7]. This is not towering, ups and downs, awe-inspiring and alone?

Gai tried to discuss the distinction between heaven and man, saying that man is omnipotent, but heaven cannot be faked. Wisdom can bully princes, but not dolphins and fish [8]; Strength can win the world, not the heart of a woman. Therefore, the sincerity of the public can open the cloud of Hengshan Mountain [9], but not the confusion of Xianzong; Can tame the crocodile violence [1], but can't slander Huang Fu and Li Fengji; If you can trust the people of the South China Sea, the temple will eat forever, but you can't make them sit on the court for a day. The man who can cover the public is heaven, and the man who can't is man.

The first wave people didn't know anything about learning, so the public ordered Zhao De, a scholar, to be their teacher. People who are naturally in the tide are all loyal to Wen Hang and extend to Qi Min. As for today, it is called Yi Zhi. Believe in Confucius' words: "A gentleman loves others when he learns Tao, while a villain learns Tao easily.". The affairs of the influx of people are also public, and food and drink must be sacrificed, and floods and droughts and diseases must be prayed for. After the temple was in court, it was difficult for the people to get in and out. The former satrap tried to invite the dynasties to make a new temple, but failed. In the fifth year of Yuanyou, Wang Jundi came to defend the country, and all those who raised scholars and governed the people took the public as their teachers. Since the people were pleased, they issued an order saying, "I hope the new public temple will listen." "The people (ㄏㄨㄢ, Tonghuan) rushed to it, and the land was located seven miles south of could, and the temple was built in the year of ㄐㄧ.

Or, "You can't go home at the age of one when you go to Wan Li on business. If you don't know, you will be judged if you don't care about the tide. "Shi said:" Otherwise. The god of the public is in the world, like the land of water, and he is omnipresent. However, the influx of people believe deeply and think deeply, and Artemisia (ㄒㄩㄣㄏㄠㄠ hā o) is sad [11]. For example, if you dig a well to get a spring, but say that water is special, why not? In the first year of Yuanfeng, a letter was issued to seal Changlibo, so it was listed as the temple of Changlibo Han Wengong.

the influx of people asked for a book on the stone, because they wrote poems to leave them behind, and made songs to worship the public. His words said: "Gong used to ride a dragon and Bai Yunxiang, and his hands were divided into heavenly chapters [12]. Tiansun weaves clouds and brocade [13]. Floating by the wind to the emperor's side, the next and the turbid world swept away the chaff (ㄅㄧˇ?ㄤ Kang) [14], and the westward journey to Xianchi slightly revived the mulberry [15], and the vegetation clothes were illuminated. Chasing Li Dushan to soar; Sweat-soaked (ㄕˊ) and stiff, you can't look at the reflection [16]. To write a book to scorn the Buddha and the king, we should look at the South China Sea, see Hunan, and hang the emperor through nine years. Zhu Rong pioneer Hai Ruo Tibetan [17], restrain the alligator as sheep. No one in Jun Tian was sad, so he told me to send Wu Yang [18]. ⑷ (ㄅㄠˋ) Sacrificial chickens are ashamed of me [19], which is based on Li Dan and Jiao Huang. Many men left me with tears (ㄆㄤㄤ), and I was sent to the wild.

note

[1] Shen and Lu: Shen Hou, Lu Bo, ministers of Zhou Dynasty. Fu Shuo: Minister of Shang Dynasty. Legend has it that after death, it becomes a star.

[2] the spirit of integrity: that is, the spirit of integrity and integrity.

[3] Liang Ping: Zhang Liang and Chen Ping, advisers of the Western Han Dynasty. Ben Yu: Meng Ben and Xia Yu, ancient warriors. Yi Qin: Zhang Yi, Su Qin: Debaters in the Warring States Period.

[4] Fang Du: Fang Xuanling and Du Ruhui, sages during the Zhenguan period. Yao and Song Dynasties: Yao Chong and Song Jing were sages during the Kaiyuan period.

[5] Eight Dynasties: Eastern Han, Wei, Jin, Song, Qi, Liang, Chen and Sui. At this time, parallel prose prevailed and the style of writing declined.

[6] Anger of loyal prisoners: Tang Xianzong welcomed Buddha's bone into the official position, and Han Yu directly remonstrated, and was executed several times. After being rescued by the minister, he was demoted to Chaozhou secretariat.

[7] Winning the command of the three armed forces: When Tang Muzong was in, there was a mutiny in the town and state, and Han Yu was ordered to go to the court to persuade the rebel leader to submit to the imperial court.

[8] dolphin fish: "Yi Zhongfu" said "letter and dolphin fish. ",which means that only sincere sacrifice, even the offerings of pigs and fish are moved, can you get lucky.

[9] Open the cloud of Hengshan Mountain: On the way to Chaozhou, Han Yu paid a visit to Hengyue Temple. Because of sincere prayers, the weather changed from gloomy to sunny.

[1] The riot of taming crocodiles: It is said that when Han Yu was demoted as the secretariat of Chaozhou, he heard that there were crocodiles in the evil stream in Chaozhou, so he wrote "Sacrificing Crocodiles" to persuade crocodiles to move. Soon, the water of the evil stream moved 6 miles west, and the crocodile disease was eliminated in Chaozhou forever.

[11] Artemisia ordosica: the fragrant and smelly smell emitted by sacrifices. Mei: it is "smoked", fragrant and smelly. Artemisia: Evaporation. Sorrow: the feelings caused by sacrifice.

[12] Yunhan: Tianhe. Tianzhang: literary talent.

[13] Tiansun: Vega.

[14] chaff: still dregs.

[15] Xianchi: the mythical place where the sun bathes. Fusang: the name of Shenmu.

[16]

[17] Zhu Rong: Vulcan. Hai Ruo: Poseidon.

[18] Wuyang: the name of a god witch. These two sentences mean that Han Yu will become a god after his death.

[19] Zhang: animal name. That is, a cow. There is a hump of meat on his back, like a camel. It is said that he can hike for more than 3 miles without rest. Chicken divination: divining divination with chicken bones.

Translation

A common people can become a teacher for generations to come, and what he said can be imitated by all the people in the world, because this kind of person understands the evolution of heaven and earth and is related to the rise and fall of human society. Their birth is providential, and their death is useful. Therefore, Shen Bo and Lu Hou of the Zhou Dynasty were born by mountain gods, and it is said that they became one of the stars in the sky after their death. These stories handed down from ancient times to modern times are well-founded and cannot be denied. Mencius said, "I am good at cultivating my integrity. This kind of "qi" resides in ordinary things and is full of heaven and earth. Suddenly meet it, so that the nobility of princes and nobles is eclipsed; Jin Chu's prosperity is eclipsed; The ingenuity of Zhang Liang and Chen Ping was eclipsed; Meng Ben and Xia Yu lost their courage; Yi cheung and Su Qin's eloquence was eclipsed. What caused this situation? There must be something in it that does not need to stand by body, act by external force, exist without waiting for birth, and will not disappear with death. Therefore, it becomes a star in the sky; Become a river yue on the ground; In the underworld are ghosts and gods; In yangshi, he became a human being again. This is an eternal truth, and nothing is surprising.

since the eastern Han dynasty, Confucianism has declined, the style of writing has deteriorated, and various heretical ideas other than Confucianism have risen at the same time. Although it experienced two prosperous periods of Zhenguan and Kaiyuan in the Tang Dynasty, with the assistance of Fang Xuanling, Du Ruhui, Yao Chong and Song Jing, it could not be saved. Only Han Wengong rose from the common people and directed the ancient prose movement between laughter and laughter, and people all over the world followed him and returned to the right path. This situation has been going on for almost 3 years. His articles revived the declining atmosphere since the Eighth Generation. The Confucianism and Taoism he preached saved the people all over the world from indulging in heresy. His loyalty offended the emperor and made Long Yan furious. His bravery impressed the commander-in-chief of the three armed forces. Isn't this what I just said about understanding the nature of heaven and earth, which is related to the rise and fall of human society, the vast and upright and independent righteousness?

I once talked about the difference between heaven and human affairs, and thought that there is nothing that people can't do, only heaven doesn't allow people to be faked; A person's ingenuity can deceive powerful princes, but it can't deceive sacrificial pigs and small fish; A person's strength can win the world, but it may not win the hearts and minds of ordinary people. Therefore, the sincerity of Han Gong can open the cloud of Hengshan Mountain, but it can't save the obsession of Xian Zongchong Buddha. It can tame the cruelty of Chaozhou crocodile, but it can't stop the slander of Huangfuyun and Li Fengji; Being able to gain the reverence and trust of the people in the South China Sea and enjoy the temple sacrifices, the immortal can't make himself stable in the court one day. Therefore, Han Gong can follow the heaven, but can't succumb to human rights and wrongs.

Once upon a time, chaozhou people's learning atmosphere was not prosperous, and Han Gong appointed Zhao De, a scholar, to teach them. Since then, Chaozhou's scholar-officials have seriously studied knowledge, paid attention to moral cultivation, and influenced the people. So far, Chaozhou is still known as an easy place to govern. As Confucius said, "A gentleman knows how to care for the people after learning truth, and an ordinary person can easily govern after learning truth. "chaozhou people worships Han Gong very much, and he will sacrifice to him during festivals. When he encounters floods, droughts, diseases and plagues, he will definitely go to the temple to pray to him for help. However, Han Yu's temple is behind the secretariat's yamen, and people find it inconvenient to get in and out. The former state official tried to apply to the court to build a new temple, but failed. In the fifth year of Yuanyou, Mr. Wang Di, a scattered lang in the DPRK, was born as a local head, and all measures taken to train scholars and govern the people took Han Gong as an example. The people were completely convinced, so he ordered, "Those who are willing to rebuild the Han Gong Temple come to my command!"! The people happily took part in this project and chose a good place in Qili, south of the city. A year later, a new temple was built.

Some people say, "Han Gong left the capital to make an appointment with Wan Li, but he was demoted to Chaozhou, and he went back in less than a year. If he died and knew, he wouldn't miss Chaozhou, would he? This is very clear. "I said," That's not true. The gods of Han Gong are in the world, just like water in the ground, everywhere. However, chaozhou people's belief in Han Yu is particularly deep, and he misses him very earnestly. Whenever he makes a sacrifice, cigarettes fill the air, and he can't help but feel homesick, as if seeing him. If a well is dug somewhere to get a spring water, how can it be said that the spring water is only here? In the first year of Yuanfeng, the emperor issued a letter to chase Han Gong as Changlibo, so the plaque on the temple was titled "Temple of Han Wengong in Changlibo".

chaozhou people asked me to record this event and carve it on a stone tablet, so I made a poem for them to sing as a sacrifice to Han Gong. The lyrics say: "Han Gong used to ride a dragon and roam the land of white clouds, poking the clouds in the sky with both hands, and the weaver girl knitted brocade clothes for you. You floated by the wind to the Emperor of Heaven, and came to earth to clean up the chaff for troubled times. Westward Journey to Xianchi passes through Fusang again, and the plants and trees are blessed by you. Your article is as famous as Li Bai and Du Fu, and flies with them. Zhang Ji and Huangfu Shi are sweating with running, and they can't look back on you. You wrote a letter denouncing Buddhism and satirizing the king. Later, you were invited to visit the South China Sea, visit the Xiangjiang River in Hengshan, pass through Jiuyi Mountain, the burial place of Emperor Shun, and pay tribute to Nv Ying and E Huang. Along the way, Zhu Rong opened the way for you, and Hai Ruo was hidden because of you. When you arrive in Chaozhou, you restrain the alligator like a shepherd driving a sheep. However, there was no talent in the Heavenly Palace, and the Emperor of Heaven felt lonely and sad, so he sent Wuyang, who sang the Divine Comedy, to the earth to call your soul back. Now, we use cows as sacrifices, chicken bones for divination, our wine cups, and deep red lychees and golden bananas before your spirit. It's a pity that you can't stay for a moment. We shed tears and sent your spirit back to the distant fairy land.

Note "Chaozhou Hanwengong Temple Monument" is an inscription written by Su Shi in March, 192 (the seventh year of Yuan Dynasty), accepting the request of Wang Di, the magistrate of Chaozhou, for the Han Yu Temple rebuilt in Chaozhou.