Hotel management and principles

[Interpretation] This article is the duty regulation of the power distribution room.

This article is formulated according to the requirements of 3. 1.3 of Beijing Electric Power User Safety Regulations.

630 kVA refers to the transformer capacity of the distribution room. 10 kv refers to high-voltage users, that is, hotels with high-voltage distribution rooms, and the household voltage is 10 kv.

Power distribution room is one of the key parts of star-rated hotels that are prone to production safety accidents. The purpose of setting up a special person on duty is to keep the normal operation of the distribution room at any time, monitor the power system at any time, and ensure safe production.

The electrician on duty should check the operating equipment according to the regulations, make operation records and duty records, correctly fill in and use the switching operation ticket, and strictly implement the safety management regulations of the transformer room.

No beds are allowed in the distribution room, and no sundries are allowed to be piled up or stored (including spare parts for electrician maintenance, excluding necessary insulation appliances in the distribution room).

Article 14 The power transformation and distribution room shall be equipped with safety technical data such as electrical equipment and distribution line layout, as well as necessary working tools and labor protection articles, and a simulation board for the operation of the power transformation and distribution system shall be set in an obvious position.

Doors, windows and cable trenches in the distribution room should be equipped with waterproof facilities and rat traps.

[Description] This article is a regulation on the requirements for equipment in the distribution room.

Equipped with electrical equipment and distribution line layout and other safety technical data, is an important technical basis for equipment maintenance, accident treatment and transformation, and is also an important information for electricians to be familiar with the distribution system and equipment distribution of their own units.

Electricians in the distribution room should correctly wear and use the labor protection articles and high-voltage insulating appliances (high-voltage electroscope, brake lever, grounding rod, high-voltage insulating boots, high-voltage insulating gloves, etc.) issued by the hotel. ) should be properly kept, shall not be used for other purposes, and do regular pressure test, in order to effectively ensure the personal safety of electrician.

Setting the simulation board of power distribution system operation in an obvious position can intuitively make the electrician on duty master the operation state of the hotel electrical system, and the simulation board is consistent with the actual operation mode.

Water and rats are natural enemies of safe electricity use. Water leakage and rat bites caused damage to cable insulation, resulting in many local or large-scale power outages. Therefore, it is very necessary to install waterproof facilities on the doors, windows and cable trenches of the distribution room. More importantly, it is necessary to install mousetraps on the doors of the distribution room that directly lead to the outside, and regularly put rat poison into the cable trenches.

Fifteenth star hotels to set up power lines should comply with national standards or industry standards; Temporary power lines shall take effective protective measures; Electrical equipment should be equipped with leakage and overload protection devices.

[Interpretation] This article is about the safe use of electricity.

Electric power is the main power source of hotel production and operation activities. Once it breaks down, it will seriously affect the normal business order. However, production safety accidents caused by improper use of electricity are common every year. Accidents caused by electrical equipment and distribution lines are one of the common production safety accidents in star-rated hotels. The main causes of accidents are: aging equipment, improper use, short circuit, overload, excessive contact resistance and electric spark. In order to reduce the occurrence of electricity accidents, use electricity correctly and effectively, and strengthen the safety, installation and operation management of electrical equipment for power users, the relevant power departments have formulated the Electrical Code, which has played a normative and guiding role for power users. Therefore, the "Regulations" stipulate the setting of power lines in star-rated hotels.

Star hotels often hold various activities for promotion or business needs, or connect temporary power lines for reasons such as equipment and facilities maintenance and local decoration. In order to ensure the safety of temporary power lines, an application must be made to the hotel safety management department before connecting the temporary power lines. After approval, professional electricians will install and dismantle temporary lines. Temporary lines must use rubber sheath line or double insulated plastic sheath line. When crossing the ground, protective measures should be taken to prevent trampling and rolling, and temporary line power supply should have leakage protection device.

Installation of leakage protection devices in star-rated hotels can effectively prevent electric shock accidents. Check the leakage protection device at least once a month and make records. If the leakage protection device fails, it should be updated immediately, and it is forbidden to reuse it after maintenance.

Installing overload protection device is an important means to effectively prevent electrical fire. The line is equipped with overload protection device. Once the current passing through the line exceeds the allowable safe current, the overload protection device will act to cut off the power supply, thus avoiding the occurrence of electrical fire caused by serious overcurrent of wires or electrical equipment.

Sixteenth star hotels should ensure smooth export; Do not close or block the exit; There should be no threshold at the exit.

Evacuation doors should be opened in the direction of evacuation, and rolling doors, revolving doors, hanging doors and sliding doors are not allowed. No steps shall be set inside or outside the door1.4m..

[Interpretation] This article specifies the setting of safety exits.

Countless bloody lessons have proved that there is a potential crisis in the blockage of safety exits, and once an emergency occurs, it will lead to even greater disasters. Therefore, this "Regulations" clearly stipulates the smooth flow of safety exits.

When a production safety accident occurs, we should not set a threshold at the safety exit according to people's psychological state.

In general, the direction of safe evacuation is to evacuate outside the building along the evacuation passage. Security doors and exits are places where evacuated people gather and evacuate. If the safety door opens inward or adopts shutter doors, revolving doors, hanging doors and sliding doors, it is undoubtedly impossible to ensure safe evacuation.

In the process of evacuation, when there are many people, they often don't care whether there are obstacles under their feet. If they go out, they will step on it, which will easily make people fall in the air and lead to a stampede accident. Therefore, it is stipulated that "no steps shall be set inside or outside the door 1.4 meters".

Article 17 The number of safe exits, the safe evacuation distance, the width of evacuation doors and evacuation passages in the business area shall meet the national standards or industry standards.

[Interpretation] This article is a regulation on safe evacuation.

The National Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings clearly stipulates the number of safety doors, the length of safe evacuation distance and the width of safety doors and evacuation passages. Because, these regulations are all made through blood lessons and scientific calculation. Therefore, the number of safe exits of star-rated hotels must be determined according to their scale, use function and reception capacity, and in accordance with relevant national standards.

These national or industrial standards include: Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings and Code for Fire Protection Design of Interior Decoration of Buildings.

Eighteenth business areas of the safety exits and evacuation routes and their corners should be set up with luminous evacuation signs. Indicating signs should be able to guide the evacuation position and direction in the case of power failure and no natural light.

Indicating signs should be set on the top of the exit and the wall below the ground 1 m at the evacuation passage and its corner; The spacing of the indicating signs set on the evacuation passage shall not be greater than10m.

[Interpretation] This article is about the provisions on the setting of evacuation signs.

In some star-rated hotels, there are many turns in the evacuation passage, so it is difficult for ordinary people to correctly judge the evacuation direction if there is power failure in an emergency. The safety exits, evacuation passages and their corners in the business area are defined here, and luminous evacuation signs should be set up.

Production safety accidents are often accompanied by power outages, which will bring difficulties to emergency evacuation. Therefore, it is stipulated that in the absence of power supply and natural light, the indicating signs can still shine to guide the evacuation position and direction.

Set a safety sign at the top of the exit for people to observe and remember. According to the principle of hot air and smoke rising, it is stipulated to set up indicating signs on the wall below the ground 1 m in order to correctly guide evacuation in case of accidents.

In an emergency with insufficient light, if the distance between signs is too long, it will mislead people's evacuation direction, delay people's evacuation and may cause personal injury or death. Therefore, it is stipulated that the spacing of indicating signs is greater than 10 meter.

Nineteenth emergency lighting should be set up in the safety exits, evacuation passages and key parts of the business area. The continuous lighting time of emergency lighting shall not be less than 20 minutes, and the minimum illumination on the ground shall not be less than 0.5 lux.

[Interpretation] This article is formulated according to Article 9.2.6 of Code for Fire Protection Design of High-rise Civil Buildings (GB 50045-95).

Key parts refer to the parts that play an important or main role in the business activities of star-rated hotels. Such as: power distribution room, boiler room, air conditioning room, water pump room, kitchen operation room, etc.

Once a production safety accident occurs in a star-rated hotel, it will be affected in terms of electricity consumption and lighting, which will inevitably directly affect the evacuation and rescue of personnel and cause greater losses. Therefore, there are clear regulations on the installation, use time and illumination of emergency lighting facilities in key parts and special areas.

Twentieth star hotels should set up evacuation maps in Chinese and English in prominent positions in guest rooms, conference rooms and other business premises. Set safety warning signs or safety instructions and other materials in the guest room.

The floor-to-ceiling glass doors, glass windows and glass walls in the business area shall be provided with safety warning signs.

Safety warning signs should be obvious and complete for public identification.

[Interpretation] Based on the characteristics of star-rated hotels, this article provides an escape map and safety warning signs.

Star hotels are crowded places. Except employees, others don't know the situation and emergency measures in these places. By setting up Chinese and English escape and evacuation maps in guest rooms, conference rooms and other business places, people can be prompted and guided to evacuate. Setting up safety instructions for guests and no smoking signs on guest beds are all important measures to prevent accidents and reduce losses.

In order to prevent glass doors, windows and glass walls from being accidentally injured by guests. This article adds the provision that safety warning signs should be set for floor-to-ceiling glass doors, glass windows and glass walls.

Star-rated hotels should set up obvious signs in evacuation passages, safety exits, fire ladders, fire hydrants and fire-fighting equipment, and keep them clear, standardized and easy to identify.

Twenty-first star hotels in the business area for decoration, maintenance, renovation and other construction and do not stop business, it should sign a special safety management agreement with the construction unit, clear safety responsibilities; The construction area should be isolated from other business areas, and safety measures should be taken to ensure safety.

[Description] This article is a safety management requirement for decoration, maintenance and renovation.

When a star-rated hotel continues to operate and carry out decoration, maintenance, renovation and construction, it shall select a qualified construction unit and sign a special safety production management agreement with it, requiring it to abide by the hotel's various safety management systems.