Where is Dourgen buried?

Aisingiorro Dourgen was born on1October 25th (1612 65438+10/7), the fourteenth son of Nurhachi. Huang Taiji's younger brother, his mother is Nurhachi princess royal Abahai, and his mother is Duoduo. Baylor was named Hou on 1626, and later Prince Rui was named Hou for meritorious service. Dourgen is an important figure in the history of the early Qing Dynasty. Dourgen has courage and can reuse the advisers and generals of the Han Dynasty. Unified soldiers, rewards and punishments are clear. Be good at grasping the overall situation of the war, concentrate troops and break them one by one. In particular, we can seize opportunities. After the death of Huang Taiji, the emperor shunzhi was only six years old. As Regent, Dourgen was actually the supreme ruler of China at that time. During his regency, Manchu entered the Central Plains, which played a decisive role in the rule of the Qing Dynasty in China for nearly 300 years. He was also the real founder of the Qing regime and an outstanding founder of the great cause of China's reunification after entering the GATT.

On December 9, the seventh year of Shunzhi, 38-year-old Dourgen died because he fell off his horse while hunting. Shunzhi worshipped him as the emperor of the Qing Dynasty. Dourgen died because he fell off his horse while hunting. But two months later, in February of the eighth year of Shunzhi, the emperor shunzhi deprived Dourgen of his title and dug his grave, because Dourgen was arbitrary, persecuted his younger brother Hogg and his complicated relationship with his mother sourdrang dowager. It was not until the Qianlong period that the title of Prince Rui was restored.

Dourgen is thin, with a big beard and always suffers from wind diseases. After entering the customs, his condition became more and more serious, and he was often "dizzy and swollen, and he was not happy when he recovered." When he first arrived in Beijing, he once again "played for the sick". Four years after Shunzhi, due to the aggravation of wind disease, it was inconvenient to bow down, which made him feel "numerous and tired", so he was irritable.

Manchu nobles were cool, and so was Dourgen. The Ministry of Rites agreed to hold a hunting ceremony for the Regent. In the second year of Shunzhi, several Japanese in Beijing witnessed the grand occasion of his hunting, with thousands of eagles. People in the street and others had to kowtow and wait for him to pass. In November of the seventh year of Shunzhi, Dourgen went hunting outside Gubeikou. He may have fallen off his horse and hurt his knee badly. He applied cold cream. Fu Yinzu, a doctor too much, thought he had used the wrong medicine. According to the records of foreign missionaries, it is said that "80% of him died of hunting injuries". There is some truth in this statement. Because of falling from a horse, the wind disease worsened and finally died of cardiovascular disease. ) On the ninth day of December (1650 65438+ February 3 1), Dourgen died in Kara City at the age of 39. When the news of death reached the capital, the Qing Dynasty was shocked, and the emperor shunzhi wrote a letter to "the subjects change clothes and mourn". Dole's coffin was transported back to Beijing, and it was easier for the emperor, Baylor, civil and military officials led by the emperor shunzhi to take it. Meet at five miles outside Dongzhimen. The emperor shunzhi issued the Imperial edict on the death of Regent Dourgen, which read: "Taizong was promoted to a far-off place, and all the princes supported the Regent, the emperor's father. My father, the Regent, insisted on abdicating and bowed for me. And pacify the central plains, mixed all over the world, and achieved great success. Unfortunately, there is no second one in this era ... I am proud of my illness, my heart is painful, I am sad at home and abroad, and I am honored by the emperor. " Later, he wrote a letter, honoring Dourgen as "the righteous emperor, and the temple number became a Sect", and honoring Yuan Fei as "the righteous queen". The uncrowned king failed to be a king before his death and was finally honored as a righteous emperor after his death.

Shunzhi chose the cemetery outside Dongzhimen for Dourgen, commonly known as Jiuwangfen, covering an area of more than 300 mu. Dourgen's tomb, with its top base facing south, has a main hall, Crescent River, Baiyuqiao, Huabiao, Stone Man, Stone Horse and Shinto in front, and three concrete rammed earth piers in the back, which are about10m high and about100m long from east to west. There is a small Wang Yao Temple (now the Asian Hotel) on the high slope not far from the southwest of Crescent River.

Because Dourgen was always at the center of the infighting among Manchu nobles, he was arbitrary, overbearing and made many enemies. He died only two months ago. On February 21st, the eighth year of Shunzhi (165 1), less than three months after his death, the emperor shunzhi used Dourgen to consolidate his imperial power and supreme dignity. According to Martino Martini, a foreign missionary, it was recorded in the Tatar War. When the emperor shunzhi discovered that Bai Ji's uncle was still alive, he was very angry because he had engaged in ambiguous criminal activities with evil purposes. He was ordered to destroy the majestic mausoleum of King Ama (that is, Dourgen), dig out the body, ... beat it with a stick, then whip it with a whip, and finally cut off its head and expose it to the public. His majestic mausoleum was reduced to ashes. " Dourgen's cronies were also executed or demoted in large numbers. And abolished the Wang Rui Palace (Kangxi renamed the Lama Temple "Mogala Temple" and was later named Pudu Temple by Qianlong). The tomb of the Nine Kings was razed to the ground, and all the pines and cypresses planted in the field were cut down. It was not until the Qianlong period that the tomb of Nine Kings was rebuilt.

/kloc-more than 0/00 years later, in the forty-third year of Qianlong (1778), Emperor Qianlong rehabilitated Dourgen, thinking that Dourgen "sent kings, chased bandits, fixed borders, and all the scales of creation were planned." When you find it, you will be driven into Beijing by your ancestors. The foundation of the country has been established, and becoming a unified industry is the most outstanding achievement. Being "falsely accused of rebellion" constitutes unjust imprisonment. The next imperial edict was issued: Prince Fu Rui was attacked by five grandchildren, and he was granted the ancestral temple and rebuilt Ying's tomb. His title is "hereditary" and he became one of the eight iron hat kings in the Qing Dynasty. However, the pursuit of "righteous emperor, the name of the temple becomes a Sect" has not been restored, but it is not easy for Qianlong to correct the unjust case made by his great-grandfather.

Throughout Dourgen's life, he did more than he did, which is worthy of recognition. Especially on the issue of unifying China in the Qing Dynasty, he has extraordinary knowledge and courage, which others can't match.