What is the vertical spread of bacteria?

Question 1: Will Brucella spread vertically? The woman has this disease, can she have children? This man is generous and pleasant.

Question 2: bacteremia, horizontal transmission and virosome nouns explain that bacteremia refers to the appearance of microorganisms in blood. Most bacteria enter the blood from local lesions. Mainly occurs in the early stage of inflammation, macrophages in liver, spleen and bone marrow can form a line of defense to remove bacteria. It means that external bacteria enter the blood system through the entrance of the body surface or the entrance of infection, multiply in the human blood and spread throughout the body with the blood flow, with very serious consequences.

Horizontal transmission refers to virus transmission 1. Many viruses transmitted through mucosa are caused by mucosal infection; 2. Transdermal transmission Some viruses can invade the body and cause infection through insect bites or animal bites, injections or mechanical damage to the skin; 3. Iatrogenic transmission Some viruses can also be transmitted by injection, blood transfusion, tooth extraction, surgery and organ transplantation.

Virosome (English name) can be defined as core-shell structure, and its shape is spherical, filamentous, elastic, brick, tadpole and so on.

Question 3: Is it better to resist gram-positive bacteria flavomycin or enramycin? It is best to reply to 1# pregnant sows to prevent Clostridium, necrotizing, proliferative enteritis and Treponema pallidum, so Gram-positive bacteria such as enramycin, validamycin, zinc bacitracin, flavomycin, virginiamycin, salinomycin, monamycin and kitasamycin can be added to the feed. Tylenol, tilmicosin, Tylenol and Lincomycin can be added to pig farms. It is recommended to use it for one week every month. Lactating sows mainly prevent the vertical spread of Gram-negative bacteria such as 1, Escherichia coli and Salmonella. 2. Vertical transmission of mycoplasma, chlamydia and rickettsia. Selection of feed additives for vertical transmission of Gram-positive bacteria such as Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Actinobacillus and Haemophilus parasuis: 10% colistin sulfate 200g+10% enramycin 200g+15% chlortetracycline 500g. Because gram-negative bacteria do great harm to sows, it is necessary to control the amount. See my prevention plan for large-scale pig farms.

Question 4: The difference between Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella Dublin. Salmonella enteritidis is an invasive pathogen without host specificity, and its hosts include humans and various animals. This kind of bacteria can not only cause poultry diseases and deaths, but also cause serious economic losses. As carriers of Salmonella enteritidis, contaminated poultry products also seriously endanger human health. It is reported that 40% ~ 80% of food poisoning incidents in developed countries such as Japan and the United States are caused by Salmonella avium, and the main pathogen is Salmonella enteritidis (S. G. mell Roy, et al. 1989). Acute gastroenteritis (food poisoning) caused by Salmonella enteritidis is on the rise all over the world and has become an important international public health problem.

Salmonella Dublin, a non-model strain, can cause diarrhea and septicemia in humans or animals at 37℃.

Salmonella Dublin can cause sepsis, diarrhea and other diseases. Horizontal and vertical propagation. The culture temperature of this strain is 37℃, and it can be preserved by vacuum freeze-drying. 20 12,1On the afternoon of May 8, Sanya Health Department released the investigation results of a suspected food poisoning incident at Howard Johnson Guoguang Resort Sanya. This food poisoning was caused by Salmonella Dublin.

Question 5: Chickens are susceptible to Escherichia coli, which spreads vertically from the mother, that is to say, it will be carried at birth, so it may get sick at any time.

Question 6: How to treat broilers suffering from E.coli prototype for about 20 days? ! ! Mother Escherichia coli? In fact, it is the vertical spread of Escherichia coli, which is carried by the mother and spread through eggs. It is usually reflected in chicks within a week. As you said, 20-day-old chickens should not be like this, but as far as the treatment of Escherichia coli is concerned, it is still relatively simple, with the emphasis on drug sensitivity. Then, we must find the real source of E. coli. Escherichia coli belongs to conditional pathogenic bacteria, and there is no external or internal source of * *. It is generally not easy to get sick. Look for highly sensitive drugs and add a sign to know.

Question 7: Should broilers be fed ampicillin or colistin for ten days? Salmonella and Escherichia coli are mainly controlled in the early feeding period (0- 10 days old) in several key periods of disease control in broilers. The mortality rate is generally around 2%-3%, accounting for about 30% of the total number of deaths in the whole period. 1.l The main reason is that the breeder carries bacteria and spreads vertically; The incubation room is in poor condition and disinfection is not complete; The conditions for brooding are poor, and the temperature is high and low, especially for heating with coal stoves, which has large dust and poor ventilation. 1.2 treatment method 1.2.l incubator is hatched from a regular incubator with good conditions. 1.2.2 Improve brooding conditions, use a heater to keep warm, reduce dust, keep proper temperature and humidity, and remember that the temperature fluctuates to prevent colds. 1.2.3 drug use should be timely and drug selection should be appropriate. At the same time, feed some nutritional additives to strengthen the body, such as glucose, electrolytic multivitamin, brooding treasure and so on. In order to improve the disease resistance of chicks, it is generally used for 3-5 days, which greatly reduces the mortality rate. 2. In the middle feeding period (20-40 days old), coccidiosis (cultivated on the flat ground), mycoplasma and Escherichia coli should be mainly controlled, and bursal disease should be paid close attention to at the same time. The mortality rate is generally around 3%, accounting for about 35% of the total number of deaths in the whole period. 2. 1 The main reason is that the materials of chicken coops are wet, especially in cold winter and rainy season; Stress factors such as high feeding density, immunity and population frequently interfere with chickens; Do not pay attention to environmental disinfection, unreasonable use of antibiotics, etc. 2.2 Treatment method 2.2.l Improve the conditions of chicken meeting, increase ventilation (on the premise of ensuring temperature), control the temperature, keep the padding dry, and often disinfect the environment and chickens. 2.2.2 Before immunization and grouping, give some anti-stress and immunity-enhancing drugs, and try to arrange them at night to reduce the pressure. 2.3 drug prevention 2.3.l To prevent coccidiosis, several drugs with different modes of action should be selected alternately, and attention should be paid to drug resistance and drug residues. If possible, online flat cultivation can be used to separate chickens from feces and reduce the chance of infection. 2.3.2 For Escherichia coli, highly sensitive drugs should be selected, and the dosage and course of treatment should be sufficient. Remember to use drugs tentatively to avoid delaying the best treatment period and causing undue losses. 2.3.3 Because live vaccines of Newcastle disease and bronchitis have great influence on respiratory tract, drugs for preventing respiratory tract and mycoplasma should be used immediately after immunization. Live bursal disease vaccine has an effect on the intestine and is easy to induce Escherichia coli. Therefore, drugs to repair the intestine should be used once after immunization. 2.3.4 In case of bursal disease, drug treatment should be carried out in time, and high immune yolk antibody can be injected intramuscularly at an early stage. We must control it, otherwise there is a great chance of atypical Newcastle disease in the later stage. 3. In the late feeding period (45 days old/slaughter), mainly control Escherichia coli, atypical Newcastle disease and their mixed infection. The mortality rate is about 34%, accounting for about 35% of the total number of deaths in the whole period. 3.l The main reason is that the environment of chickens will get worse; Escherichia coli and respiratory diseases were not controlled in the middle stage; In particular, chickens suffering from bursal disease in the middle stage are prone to induce atypical Newcastle disease due to the suppression of immune organs, and most of them are clinically manifested as pathological changes of Escherichia coli, ignoring the treatment of Newcastle disease, resulting in a large number of deaths. 3.2 Treatment 3.2. 1 Improve the environment of the henhouse, increase ventilation and frequent disinfection. Alternately use 2-3 disinfectants. Pay attention to environmental disinfection 2 days before and after immunization. 3.2.2 Do a good job of Newcastle disease immunization in the early and middle stages, and the procedures are reasonable. The method is proper and the immunity is true. 3.2.3 Preventive medication. At this time, antibiotics should be used in combination with antiviral drugs. Remember to take care of one thing and lose another, and pay attention to the withdrawal period. 3.2.4 Feed probiotics, adjust the internal environment of digestive tract, restore the balance of flora, and enhance the immunity of the body.