Lu Gong Zhiyuan's Translation of Classical Chinese

Duke Lu built a garden and wanted to chisel out a pool. His father said, "There is no place to put soil. Duke Lu stopped at this moment. Some people say, "Earth can build mountains. When Lu heard this, he felt good, so he had to do it his way. His wife said, "Aren't you afraid that your little daughter will fall?" Lu Gong stopped again. Someone said, "If you build a path leading to the garden and set up a fence around it, what is there to worry about?"? Duke Zhuang of Lu listened to his words and wanted to do it according to this man's method. Someone at home stopped him and said, "When the garden is repaired, there must be more servants. There is no room for servants. It is worth considering. " Duke Zhuang of Lu hesitated and stopped the matter.

References:

Lu Gong, whose name is Yan Zhenqing, was born in Wannian, Jingzhao (now an, Shaanxi), and was an outstanding calligrapher in the middle Tang Dynasty. His "Yan Ti" regular script, together with Zhao Mengfu, Liu Gongquan and Ou Yangxun, is also called "the four masters of regular script".

Ouyang Xiu once said: "Yan Gongshu is like a loyal martyr and a moral gentleman. His aim is strictness and respect. People are scared at first sight, but the longer he is, the cuter he is. " There are many people who see treasure in the world, but they are not tired. "Zhu praised his book:" Point like a falling stone, painting like a cloud, hook like a bow, bow like a crossbow, depressed and ambitious. It has never been made public since it was dedicated. Yan Ti Shu has a far-reaching influence on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. After the Tang Dynasty, many famous artists learned from the success of Yan Zhenqing's political reform. Especially in cursive script, Su Shi and Ceng Yun said: "As for poetry, as for writing, as for Korean retreat, as for painting, as for Wu Daozi, as for calligraphy, the changes from ancient times to modern times are beyond the reach of the world." ("Dongpo Ming")

2. Translation of Classical Chinese Lu Gong Garden Answer Read the following and complete the small question (12 points)

Duke Lu manages the garden and wants to dig a pool. Father said, "There is no land for the earth." The public will stop. Or: "The earth can build a mountain." The public is good and wants to do it. The wife said, "Don't be afraid of children?" Open recovery. Or "What's there to worry about?" The public follows suit and wants to do it. The man who stopped his family said, "When the garden is completed, there will be more maids and there will not be enough rooms next door. I can worry." Hesitate and then go back to sleep. (New Baiyujing)

Note ① diān zhì: Fall and wrestle. ② Downroom: the house where servants live. 3 sleep: rest, stop.

Question 1 Explain the underlined words in the following sentences. (4 points)

(1) public kindness () (2) insufficient housing ()

Question 2: Which of the following is correct in the translation of underlined sentences (3 marks)

A. What's there to worry about by building a road to the mountain and putting railings for protection?

B. The road is built to let them pass, and the railing is designed to protect the mountain. What is there to worry about?

C. What's there to worry about by driving a path and erecting a fence to protect it?

D. Open a road for people and build a fence to protect them. What is there to worry about?

Question 3: The behavior of Lu Gong Garden can be summarized as "". (Summarized by the words in the text) (2 points)

Question 4: Lu Gong's father, wife and family members have different reasons for stopping running the garden, but their cognitive limitations are the same, namely. (3 points)

Answer analysis

Question 1( 1) Taking ... is just as good (think ... is good/right) (2) Sufficient.

Question 2C

Question 3: Indecision

Question 4 is one-sided (or: only see one aspect of things/incomplete; For selfish departmentalism)

1 test analysis: ① "goodness", the intentional use of adjectives, takes … as good and thinks … is good. ② The word "foot" is ambiguous, foot, foot.

Test center: this question examines students' understanding of the meaning of classical Chinese.

Comments: The accumulation of content words and function words is the basis of cultivating the reading ability of classical Chinese. When understanding the meaning of classical Chinese, we should understand it in connection with the original sentence, not in isolation. In addition, we should pay attention to the special usage of words, such as ancient and modern synonyms, causative usage of verbs, and interchangeable words. And try your best to translate accurately and appropriately.

Question 2: Question analysis: Translation "Build a road to get through it and set up a fence to protect it, why bother?" Pay attention to the accurate translation of the words "construction", "path", "why" and "worry".

Test center: this question examines students' ability to translate classical Chinese sentences.

Comments: Sentence translation is also a common problem in classical Chinese reading. When translating sentences, we should pay attention to the key words in the sentences and translate them accurately. In addition, we should pay attention to the translation of special sentences, and try to be fluent, fluent and clear.

Analysis of Question 3: Duke Lu wanted to dig a pool, but his father said there was no place to put the excavated soil. Some people say it can be piled up into mountains, and his wife says she is worried that the children will trip. Some people say that a path can be opened and fenced, and family members also say that in this case, someone has to look after the garden specially, and the house at home is not enough to live in. Duke Lu hesitated and didn't know what to do, so gardening was put on hold.

Test center: this question examines students' evaluation ability of the characters in the text.

Comments: When doing the topic of character image analysis, we should combine the specific words and deeds of the characters to analyze their spiritual quality. When reading articles at ordinary times, we should be good at analyzing characters' personality characteristics and spiritual qualities.

Question 4: Test and analysis: The reason why Lu Gong's father stopped the park management is that there is no place to put the soil, the reason why his wife stopped the park management is that the children are worried about tripping, and the reason why he stopped the park management at home is to hire people and the house is not enough to live in. They all look at the problem one-sidedly, only seeing one aspect of the problem and ignoring the other.

Test center: This question examines students' ability to extract, summarize and screen key information.

Comments: When answering this question, you should read the article carefully, clarify the thinking of the article, or refine and summarize it according to the author's narrative order. The specific method is to extract the information generated by the noun concept or the key sentences containing the concept for a period of time from the noun concept; The second is to grasp important concepts or sentences and extract information to explain them; Third, look for related words or sentences from the perspective of the theme of the article, the author's writing intention, opinions and emotions; The fourth is to grasp the sentences with implied meaning, extract relevant information from the context and transform them to make the meanings of these sentences concrete and clear.

Reference translation

Duke Lu wants to renovate the garden and dig a pool. His father said, "There is no place to put soil." So Duke Lu gave up the idea of digging a pool. Later, someone said, "Soil (dug by digging a pool) can be piled up and piled up into mountains." Duke Lu thought it was a good idea and wanted to do it (as the man said). His wife said, "Aren't you afraid that your child will fall?" Duke Lu gave up the idea again. Later, someone said, "If you build a path and set up a fence to protect (the pool), what is there to worry about?" Duke Lu listened to his suggestion and wanted to (dig a pool). Someone in his family stopped him and said, "after the garden is completed, we must increase the number of servants and maids. The servants' houses are not enough." This is worth considering. Duke Zhuang of Lu hesitated and gave up building a garden and chiseling a pool.

Note: Self-translation.

3. Is the translation and original text of the classical Chinese New Hundred Similes Classic classic?

One of the original texts:

Duke Lu manages the garden and wants to dig a pool. Father said, "There is no land for the earth." The public will stop. Or: "The earth can build a mountain." The public is good and wants to do it. The wife said, "Don't be afraid of children?" Open recovery. Or "What's there to worry about?" The public follows suit and wants to do it. Those who stopped their families said, "When the garden is completed, there will be more maids. If there is not enough space, you can worry. " Hesitate and then go back to sleep.

Translation:

Duke Lu built a garden and wanted to chisel out a pool. His father said, "There is no place to put soil." Duke Lu stopped building gardens. Later, someone said, "Earth can be piled up to build mountains." Duke Lu agreed with his opinion and wanted to implement it. His wife said, "Aren't you afraid of your children wrestling?" Duke Lu stopped the garden construction again. Others said, "If you build a path and set up a fence to protect it, what is there to worry about?" Lu Guogong listened to his suggestion and wanted to implement it. One of his family stopped him and said, "After the garden is completed, women's domestic servants must be added. There may not be enough houses for them to rest, which is worth considering. " Duke Lu began to hesitate and the construction of the garden stopped again.

When Song Renzong was made a prince, Lu Zongdao was appointed as a servant of the East Palace. His residence was in Yutang Lane, outside the Song Gate of Beijing at that time, and there was a Renhe Hotel next to it. The wine sold is very famous in Beijing, and Lu Gong often drinks it incognito in his spare time.

One day, Song Zhenzong summoned him urgently to ask questions and sent eunuchs to his house to invite him, but he was not there. The eunuch waited in his house for a long time before coming back from Renhe Hotel. The eunuch was relieved and told him at once that Zhenzong had something urgent to find him. Eunuch has a kind heart. He was worried that the Lu guild would be scolded by the true Sect for being late. He wanted Lu Gong to lie and hide it, so he asked Lu Gong, "What should you do if you blame him for coming late?" Fortunately, I will meet you first, but there are no similarities or differences. "Duke Lu said," but tell me the truth. "

The eunuch said, "But you should be offended." Duke Lu said, "It is only natural that drunkards bully the monarch, ministers and children."

The eunuch sighed and left. When the eunuch returned to the palace, Zhenzong really asked, and the eunuch answered one by one according to Duke Lu's words.

Duke Lu also rushed to the palace. When Zhenzong saw it, he asked, "Why did you enter the restaurant privately?" Lu Guogong immediately respectfully replied: "My family is poor, and there are no utensils, so the restaurant has everything, so I feel at home. If there are relatives and guests from afar in the village, I will drink with them. However, the minister is good at serving, and the city people don't know what the minister is. "

Zhenzong smiled and said to him, "Your Majesty is a courtier, and I'm afraid it was played by the censor." Since then, Zhenzong especially appreciated him and thought he was "really useful".

5. Lv Liang dressed as an ordinary citizen, dressed in old cloth and straw hat, rode a donkey into Zhongmou County.

After a long time, he knocked on the basin with his hand and made up his mind to say, "It is not a gentleman to act according to the opinions of ordinary people!" " This official hat should be worn by you! If it weren't for you, I almost missed a good official. "Liang troubled" has arrived in winter and decided to set up a government in Baoding.

Sit down and settle down, and you will be able to fish on the land and white stone. I avoided the east wing and caught a glimpse of Wei's husband, 70 years old, with tall eyes and a beard. Analysis of tens of thousands of words in water conservancy.

You can't forget the difference in heart. In the last twenty years, Duke Lu died a long time ago and gave wine to Shen Shi in Baixia.

Guest Mr. Ge Wenqiao said: "Lu is a clever friend and a strange person. Tian Wenjing, the governor of Henan Province, is strict. He is only careful when supervising the company, town, company and road, and there are no visitors.

Lu works under his command. "One day, Li Lingyin life he Zhongmou, namely Zhongmou.

Lu Wei is a micro-walker, wearing a big cloth, wearing a grass crown and riding a donkey. Hundreds of my elders helped me, and then they bowed and asked,' I heard that Duke Lu came to take my place, and the guests were in Kaifeng, do you know?' Lu Man said,' If you ask what the cloud is? I order the upright to leave.

After walking a few miles, I saw Confucian clothes surrounding me and said,' It's a pity that a good official has to leave! Wait for Duke Lu to complain?' Or wave and say,' Duh! The governor of the field has an order, but can ten Duke Lu do it? And Fang Lu occupied his official position, preferring to give up himself and follow others? "Lu Xin respected it and said nothing." When I arrived in the county, I saw Li Wen-wen, gentle and elegant, and entered Lu, saying,' I have been waiting for you for a long time.

Lu handed over his hand and said,' If you are not arrogant and don't look at the appearance and clothing of the public, the saints will make noise to the people. He just got off the bus and lost his money. "Why," said Li Yue, "a stranger from Wan Li in southern Yunnan visited the capital with his other mother. Ten years, I won Zhongmou and borrowed money to see my mother; Mom is coming, robbing, killing! " You cried before you finished speaking.

"I'm tired," Lu said. "I have soup to take a bath." "Go to another room, take a bath, think about it, and you can't stop.

For a long time, he struck the water and swore:' Go with the flow is not a husband!' Get dressed up and quit. Li was startled and said,' What's the matter with you? Say:' province.

Print with it, not subject to it; If you are strong, you will say' Don't be tired!' Lu threw a clang and said sharply, "Friends of Lvliang are beyond your knowledge! Take it out on Ma Chi. He Yi's officers and men burned incense and sent it to the province. First, pay tribute to the two departments and ask them to do it.

They all said,' Are you sick and heartbroken? If you do, he is the governor of Judah, Kuangtian Gong! Tomorrow morning, Yiyuan, the two companies will arrive first. The name paper was not cast, and the platform axis called Lu Ling.

Tian Gong sat in the south, his iron face facing the sky, and greeted him proudly. There are more than ten people under the company and the road.

Yan Lu said,' If you don't care about this county, why did you come?' Said,' Very enlightening. Say,' Where is the seal?' Yue:' In Zhongmou.

Say, "To whom?" Say, "Li Ling." Tian Gong laughed, looked around and said,' It's best to have a seal collector in the world? They all said,' Nothing.

The two divisions stood up and thanked each other, saying,' Some religions are so ignorant that they are simply crazy and rebellious. Please dissolve them. Ruff and others sternly told their cronies about their shortcomings to punish the rest of the officials.

Lu took off his hat and went forward, bowing down and saying, "Sit down and listen to Jade. "。 Yu Yi, a poor scholar, came to Henan for an official reason. He was glad to get an official position, and he hated not being able to wait on officials all night.

Unexpected entry, Li Ling's heart is like this, and the scholar's heart is like this; Seeing people and knowing the loss of money is another example. If you know that you want to go, you will be guilty of selling your reputation and returning empty-handed; If you don't know, but you are in danger, you are in danger. May I ask the general will? Ordinary people live up to the great gentleman's love for talents, and govern the world with filial piety.

If the public thinks there is no pity, it's not too late to get it printed again. Otherwise, there are dozens of foreign officials in the company, all of whom are seeking printing; I dare to disobey the general's will! "Tian was silent.

The retreat of two divisions. Don't thank Lu, get out.

Outside the house, the nature changes color; Down the stairs, he shouted, "Come!" Lu came in, knelt down, waved his hand and said, "Go ahead!" He took off the coral crown and put it on Lu's head, sighing, "Strange! This crown should be worn by you. I'm sorry, I was wrongly and illegally appointed.

However, what can I do if I get rid of it? Lu said, "How many days?" Said:' five days, the fast horse can't catch up. Lu said,' If there is public goodness, I can pursue it.

When I was young, I traveled three miles to chase after the public fruit. Please give me an arrow to make me believe. Make a public commitment and then do it.

Give it back to me in five days. Zhongmou order is safe.

In this way, Lu became famous all over the world. "First of all, Liang's father is the prefect of Guangdong and the AU of San Francisco.

Liang is seven years old and is the proton of Wu. Wearing a yellow shirt, the prince of Wu sat facing the court and told the story of Diexin.

He was very young and of noble birth. After he finished his studies, he learned how to win, jump, throw and gamble with the athletes under the account of the King of Wu, so his martial arts was particularly fierce. In the winter of Qianlong four years, I visited Sun Wen Ding Gong in Baoding Zhili Governor's Office.

Just sat down, the doorman came to report that he had business to report to Lu Zhiyu on Qinghe Road. I avoided going to the East Wing and looked around quietly. I saw a tall man in his seventies with prominent eyes and an open forehead.

The silvery white beard is shining, and the plan to cure the Yellow River and build water conservancy is endless. I think this person is unusual and has always been impressed.

Twenty years later, Duke Lu has been dead for many years. Once I went to Nanjing and Shenyang to pay my respects, and I mentioned Duke Lu in my conversation with the guests. A Mr. Ge Wenqiao said: "Lu Zhiyu is a great person with a good handwriting.

As the governor of Henan Province, Tian Wenjing is very strict with others. All officials, including prefects, town stations, ministers, provincial judges, and Taoist platforms, are very careful when accepting the deployment and dare not roll their eyes in front of him. At that time, all Lvliang's friends worked under him.

"One day, the governor sent him to get the official seal of Li County, zhongmou county, and asked him to act as the zhongmou county county magistrate. Lv Liangduo dressed as an ordinary citizen, dressed in old cloth and straw hat, rode a donkey into Zhongmu County.

Hundreds of old people thanked him for his hard work and bowed again and again, asking him,' I heard that a Duke of Lu came to take over our county magistrate, and his distinguished guests were in Kaifeng. "Did you hear the news," Lvliang said vaguely, "Why do you ask?" A:' Our county magistrate is wise and can't bear to let him go. After walking a few miles, I saw a group of people dressed as scholars talking and said,' What a pity that such a good official has left! Lu Gong has arrived, why don't you tell him?' Someone waved and said,' Cough! Tian Taishou gave the order to die. Even if there were ten Duke of Lu, what would happen? Besides, Lu just wants to replace him with his official seal. Is he willing to sacrifice himself to take care of others "Lvliang respect the county magistrate in my heart, but said nothing.

"Came to the county government, saw the magistrate of a county, li saw him.

6. The full-text translation of classical Chinese was presided over by Langzhong Wang Shu, a native of Weizhou, who studied three biographies of Spring and Autumn Annals, was admitted to the Jinshi, and later transferred to Yizhou to join the army. At that time, Jane Su Gong Lu Zongdao had just joined the army and his family was poor. There are many people eating, and his salary is not enough. He often borrows money from Uncle Wang, and when the money is not enough, he begged Uncle Wang to lend him money in advance.

Lu Zongdao was very strict with his subordinates, and the treasurer was disgusted with him. He sued Lu Zongdao for borrowing public funds privately, and Yizhou Shoulian was impeached together with Wang Shu. Wang Shu said to Lu Zongdao, "Just put the blame on me, don't bear it." Lu Zongdao said, "My family is poor, please. The fault is really caused by me. What are your sins in this matter? " Wang Shu said: "I have nothing to do in my life, and I have no great ambitions in my career. I just support my wife and children on my salary. Even if I'm convicted, it won't hurt. Besides, lending my official property to others will not go to the point of dismissal. You are young, ambitious, wise and upright, and you really have three talents. You can't let your great career get into trouble because of a small mistake. What are the benefits of conviction together? " (Wang Shu) finally showed that Lu Zongdao didn't know the truth, so he was accused of borrowing public property alone. Lu Zongdao was ashamed, grateful (endlessly), and ashamed. Wang Shu took this matter very lightly and showed no dissatisfaction. Because of this mistake, I was trapped by the official department for more than 20 years.

After a long time, because the imperial court recommended talents, the emperor summoned the officials of the official department to ask questions, told them their merits and demerits, and played the name of Lu Zongdao. At this time, Lu Zongdao was in power and stood in court. Emperor Renzong looked at Lu Zongdao and said, "Is it yours?" Lu Zongdao immediately pleaded guilty and fully stated the true situation of that matter. Renzong lamented: "(Wang Shu) is really a kind-hearted person." Before that, those who made mistakes for personal gain were usually demoted and appointed after correction. Since then, they have been appointed without demotion. The imperial edict (Wang Shu) changed Dali Temple to Cheng, the official to the minister, and was in charge of the famous county for many times. (Wang Shu) In his later years, the countryside was rich and his descendants were prosperous, and he lived to 89 years old. This is also the reward for sheltering talented people from doing good deeds.

7. Translate Classical Chinese Tian Rao worked for Lu Aigong without being understood. Tian Rao said to Lu Aigong, "I want to leave the king and fly like a swan." Lu Aigong said, "What do you mean?" Tian Rao said, "Haven't you ever seen a rooster? It wears a red crown on its head, which is a symbol of elegance; Toes protrude from the back of claws, which is a sign of bravery; When the enemy appears in front of you, it is a hero to dare to fight with him; Seeing food and greeting other chickens is a sign of kindness; Not missing the vigil is a sign of goodwill. Although the chicken has these five good properties, the king also said that it was cooked and eaten. Why? Because it's close. A swan flew a thousand miles, stopped at the fish pond in the king's garden, ate the king's fish and tortoise, pecked the king's beans and millet, and there was no cock's five good performances. The king still valued it because it came from far away. Please let me fly away like a swan! "

Lu Aigong said, "Stay, I'll write down your words!" Tian Rao said: "I heard that people who eat that kind of food will not damage the utensils that hold that kind of food;" Whoever uses that tree for shade will not break its branches. If a wise man doesn't appoint him, why should he write down his words? " So he left Lu Aigong for Yan.

Yan immediately named him Prime Minister. Three years later, Yan was politically peaceful and there were no thieves in the country. Hearing this, Ai Hong sighed. He lived alone for three months, lowered his dress standards and blamed himself: "I didn't do things carefully first, and then I regretted it." How can I get him again? "

8. Classical Chinese translation Yin Shilu's epitaph master Lu, originally from Henan, surnamed Yin, and. However, all scholars who knew him and those who didn't know him called him Shilu, and his reputation was valued by people at that time. People who know Shilu in the world admire his literary talent, his insight into problems and his talent. As for his festival of loyalty and righteousness, no matter whether adversity is good or bad, he is worthy of the wind of ancient gentlemen in the face of disaster celebrations. However, people who call him a teacher in the world may not know this.

Shi Lu writes succinctly and methodically. Learning and memorizing it, connecting today and today, has the expertise of Spring and Autumn Annals. When he talks to people, he must be right and negative. He must tell the truth thoroughly before giving up. He doesn't stop casually and listens to other people's opinions at will. Few people surpass him. No matter how difficult it is, he dares to do it. The reason why he was praised by the world is also the reason why he was hated, so he finally died in trouble.

When Shi Lu was young, he was admitted as a scholar. He was the master book of Zhengping County in Jiangzhou, and the judge of Cao in Henan Province, Shao. He was transferred to the office of Secretary Zhang of Shannan East Road and became the magistrate of Yiyang County. Wang recommended his talents. After the emperor summoned him for an interview, he worked as a organizer in the pavilion and was transferred to Prince Zhongyun. Gong Fan was exiled to Raozhou, and the remonstrator refused to speak for Gong Fan. Teacher Lu wrote that Minister Fan Zhongyan was his mentor and hoped to be demoted together. Shilu was demoted to Yunzhou wine tax and transferred to Tang Zhou. At this time, his father died, his filial period expired, and he was appointed as Prince Zhongyun and Henan magistrate. Zhao Yuanhao of Xixia rebelled and moved to Shaanxi. General Ge Huaimin, playing the court to restore Shi Lu as a running judge. After the defeat of Haoshui in the North, Han Gong was demoted to magistrate, and Shilu was transferred to Haozhou as a judge. After a long time, Han Gong went to the imperial court, and Shilu went to Qin Zhou for sentencing. He was transferred to Jingzhou as well-known and Weizhou as well-known, and concurrently held the post of Jingyuan Road. When he went to Luzhou as a magistrate, he was amiable in handling government affairs, and Luzhou people still miss him. Tired officer promoted to Sheren Mansion, in charge of Longtuge.

When the world was at peace, Shi Lu only liked to talk about military affairs, and wrote two articles, Yan Xu and Xi Shu, which were well-known. The thought of military preparation advocated by him revealed the essence of success or failure of fighting and guarding at that time, which were all of vital importance. He also tried to train local soldiers instead of garrison soldiers to reduce border expenses as a long-term strategy to resist foreign enemies, but failed to implement it. By the time Yuan Hao surrendered, the Western Frontier Defense Office was put on alert, and Shi Lu left his present post. His remarks and opinions also offended some dignitaries. In this case, people who praise Shilu all over the world may not fully understand Shilu's talent.

When Shi Lu was working in Weizhou, a general violated his management (moderation and scheduling). He tried to kill them by military law, but failed. After that, some officials went to the capital and wrote to the court accusing Shilu of lending public funds to the Ministry. Shi Lu was demoted as an agreement of Chongxin Army and transferred to Zhou Jun to supervise the wine tax. Sick, lack of medicine, carried to Nanyang for medical treatment. When I was ready, I sat on several cases and saw my little son in front of me with no expression of love. I talked with the guest, but in the end it didn't involve him. He died at the age of 46.