Why did the crowdfunding restaurant close down overnight, and what kind of crowdfunding model is safe?

Why did the crowdfunding restaurant close down overnight? What is crowdfunding?

What is "crowdfunding"? Simply put, it is to gather people's strength and funds to complete one thing. For example, in Meng Tao. Com, independent filmmakers can publish a movie shooting plan or script, or even just a movie idea, to the website in the form of video, pictures and text, and estimate the target funds needed for shooting, the number of fundraising days and the return to supporters. If netizens (supporters) are interested in your film project, they can support you with funds. When your project reaches the target fund within the fund-raising day, you will successfully raise funds.

Crowdfunding is translated from the word crowd funding abroad, that is, public fundraising or public fundraising, which is translated for the public in Hongkong and for the public in Taiwan Province Province. It consists of sponsors, investors and platforms. It has the characteristics of low threshold, diversity, relying on the strength of the masses and paying attention to creativity. It refers to an act of raising funds from the masses to support the initiated individuals or organizations. Generally speaking, it connects sponsors and sponsors through a platform on the Internet. Funds raised by the masses are used to support various activities, including post-disaster reconstruction, private fund-raising, election campaign, enterprise fund-raising, artistic creation, free software, design and invention, scientific research and public projects.

Modern crowdfunding refers to issuing fundraising projects and raising funds through the Internet. Compared with traditional financing methods, crowdfunding is more open, and whether to obtain funds is no longer based on the commercial value of the project. As long as it is a project that netizens like, they can get the first fund to start the project through crowdfunding, which provides unlimited possibilities for more small-scale operators or creators.

Zhongchou composition

Sponsor: a person who is creative but lacks funds;

Supporter: someone who is interested in the story and return of the fundraiser and has the ability to support it;

Platform: Internet terminal connecting sponsors and supporters.

Crowdfunding financing is different from equity financing and debt financing. Crowdfunding platform requires project sponsors not to return their supporters with equity, creditor's rights or funds, and neither the project sponsors nor the platform can promise any economic benefits to the supporters. The reward of dreams must be in kind (such as products and publications) or media content (such as streaming media or downloading videos or music). Supporters' support for a project belongs to purchase (pre-purchase) behavior.

Crowdfunding, in a sense, is a kind of Web3.0, which enables social networks to meet the fundraising method of "many people support a few people" and makes it possible for different individuals to raise funds through the agreement mechanism of P2P or P2B platforms. Building a crowdfunding business model has three organic components: project sponsors (investors), the public (investors) and intermediaries (crowdfunding platforms).

(1) Project sponsor (fundraiser)

A project is a non-public welfare activity that has a clear goal, can be completed and has a specific completion time, such as making a photo album, publishing a book or producing an electronic product. The project does not return in the form of equity, bonds, dividends, interest and other funds. The project sponsor must have certain conditions (such as nationality, age, bank account, qualification and education, etc.). ), with 100% autonomy and complete independence. The project sponsor should sign a contract with an intermediary agency (crowdfunding platform) to clarify the rights and obligations of both parties.

Project sponsors are usually creative people who need to solve financial problems or entrepreneurs of small and micro enterprises. However, in order to strengthen the communication and experience with users, some enterprises strengthen the extended functions of crowdfunding models such as market research, product pre-sale and promotion while achieving the fund-raising goal, and call on the public (potential users) as project sponsors to intervene in product research and development, trial production and promotion in order to obtain better market response.

(ii) The public (investors)

The public (funders) are often a large number of Internet users. They use online payment to make small investments in creative projects they are interested in, and each investor has become an "angel investor". After the successful implementation of the project invested by the public, the return to investors is not the return of funds, but the product samples, such as a Pebble watch, a concert ticket or a record.

The process of investors subsidizing creative people is the process of their consumption funds moving forward, which not only improves the production and sales efficiency, but also produces new products that cannot be launched by traditional investment and financing models, and also meets the niche, meticulous and personalized consumption needs of investors as users.

(3) Intermediary (crowdfunding platform)

Intermediary is the builder of crowdfunding platform, the supervisor and mentor of project sponsors, and the defender of investors' interests. The characteristics of the above-mentioned multiple identities determine that the functions of intermediaries (crowdfunding platforms) are complex and have great responsibilities.

First of all, the crowdfunding platform should be supported by network technology. According to relevant laws and regulations, information such as the creativity and financing needs of project sponsors should be published in virtual space through virtual operation. The premise of implementing this step is to conduct detailed real-name audit before the project goes online to ensure that the project content is complete, executable and valuable, and does not violate the project guidelines and requirements.

Secondly, after the successful project financing, it is necessary to supervise, coach and control the smooth development of the project. Finally, when the project cannot be implemented, the crowdfunding platform has the responsibility and obligation to urge the project sponsors to refund the investors.

Of course, the understanding of post-crowdfunding is different at different levels, or it can be simpler, that is, everyone takes money to do one thing together and pays dividends after doing it well.

Almost all the "Fu Juan" crayfish shops founded by Zhang Jiajia crowdfunding closed down within one year, and star crowdfunding to open restaurants is a "failed investment"

After a year's persistence, seven of the eight restaurants of "Fu Juan and His Friends" co-founded by famous writer, director and "Chu Orange" planner Jiang have closed down for liquidation. Through crowdfunding investment, the founder of the restaurant found that there were many problems in the process of crowdfunding investment, including uneven store licenses, unauthorized borrowing, unauthorized change of store names and so on. In this regard, the crowdfunding platform said that the post-investment department is actively assisting in handling the aftermath and has taken various measures to safeguard the interests of the people.

There are eight or seven Fu Juan restaurants a year. Recently, the crowdfunding platform "Let's get started" explained the latest situation of the restaurant project founded by He Jiang. It is pointed out that the project was launched on April 23, 20 16, and finally completed the crowdfunding of stores in eight cities: Jinan, Xi 'an, Zhengzhou, Xiamen, Hangzhou, Shenzhen, Ningbo and Beijing. City stores opened one after another on 20 16, but due to poor management and other reasons, all seven city stores except Jinan have closed and entered the liquidation stage.

On February 22nd, 20 15 and April 23rd, 6/kloc-0, Fu Juan Restaurant Project launched crowdfunding twice on the "Let's Go" crowdfunding platform. At that time, Jiang, the planner of Chu Orange, initiated crowdfunding from the beginning, saying that he and the writer had made the online crayfish brand "Fu Juan" and decided to start preparing the offline experience restaurant.

At that time, the project took the best-selling author "Zhang Jiajia" as the marketing gimmick, and repeatedly exposed his photos and stories for publicity: "Zhang Jiajia is already the' best storyteller' in China. In addition to teasing each other about his stomach and hair, he hopes to explain the rhetoric of the year and has a strong desire to open a crayfish shop. " At the same time, Zhang Jiajia himself released a "crayfish formula" Weibo, which further increased the attraction of the project.

When the Shanghai restaurant raised funds for the first time, the crowdfunding rules stipulated that everyone 300 yuan could become a member, and members could enjoy a 60% discount settlement within one year; You can become a co-sponsor by paying 30,000 yuan, and each co-sponsor contributes 1% of the shares in a single store. After the project was launched, due to the unusually hot celebrity blessing, the subscription amount reached more than 2 million in 25 hours, and the final subscription rate reached 284.35%. * * * 326 people participated in crowdfunding. There are 100 * * builders who choose the maximum support amount of 30,000 yuan, but there are only 50 co-sponsors of crowdfunding projects. The person in charge of the project said that "we will communicate with you one by one" and choose from them. Four months later, the Fu Juan project in Beijing started. The original crowdfunding project of 1 10,000 yuan was finally completed with16.38 million yuan, exceeding the scheduled target of 15 times, and 630 people participated in crowdfunding. At the same time, Hangzhou, Shenzhen, Shenyang, Dalian, Zhengzhou, Jinan, Xi 'an, Ningbo, Xiamen and other cities have respectively identified "deep city partners" and announced that crowdfunding will be launched at the same time. The project description shows that crowdfunding in ten cities and ten stores can completely open the online and offline connection in Fu Juan and open the ecological circle of "in-store food+takeaway".

After the collapse of Fu Juan Hotel, many builders thought they were "cheated". A * * * builder who invested in Zhengzhou Fu Juan Project said, "The project with 50 people investing 6,543,800 yuan+0.75 million yuan closed down within one month of opening, and 6,543,800 yuan evaporated instantly, which aroused the indignation of all the crowdfunding people who started this project. After reaching a relevant compensation agreement with the sponsor, he was cheated many times. Isn't it said that how to prepare funds for this project should not be under platform supervision? "

Investment also said: "No store is a good result. Some shops are still swindlers, charging transfer fees a high price and squandering the money of the builders. It has been in operation for less than half a year, and the person in charge of the commitment has never seen it. I don't know where to find someone to be a store manager, and I lost 1 tens of thousands of * * builders in half a year. "

Another * * * builder said that the company borrowed more than one million yuan without consulting with the * * * builder. As of March 20 17, "the total loss of the store reached10.9 million yuan", of which the operator, Late Carp Company, borrowed 1 162800, with an unpaid amount of 510.9 million yuan. At the same time, Jiang said that the crowdfunding funds have already been exhausted, and he has personally invested 700,000 yuan. At present, the company is unsustainable. According to a report, from August of 20 16 to March of 20 17, the operating company of Beijing Fu Juan Restaurant made a profit of 980,000 yuan, raised 6.5438+0.98 million yuan from the public, spent a total of 4.22 million yuan, and the balance was-6.5438+0.26 million yuan.

The financier said it was a complete failure. The actual operator of Fu Juan Restaurant is Shanghai Evening Carp Network Technology Co., Ltd. Upon inquiry, its shareholders include two natural person shareholders and three partnerships.

According to public information, Fu Juan Restaurant has raised funds twice. 2065438+June 2005, Fu Juan received millions of angel rounds of financing from Xu Xiaoping Zhenge Fund. Since then, the Creative Fund, which participated in the investment, invested in Fu Juan Restaurant with a valuation of 654.38 billion yuan after the crowdfunding was completed. But from the very beginning, it was said that it was a limited partner, and it did not participate in its investment decision, nor could it participate in the actual operation of Fu Juan restaurant. There is no business activity or capital exchange between the two parties. Like the founder of * * * *, based on the trust in the sponsor team, especially Zhang Jiajia, and the recognition of its urban expansion ability, Chuangxiang Fund invested in Fu Juan Restaurant with a valuation of 654.38 billion after crowdfunding with the endorsement of Zhenge Fund's valuation of 50 million. The closure of the city store was a devastating blow to the parent company of Fu Juan Restaurant, and the Creative Fund suffered huge losses. "This is a completely failed investment."

First of all, due to the different liquidation situations faced by stores in different cities, there are also some differences in the demands and expectations of builders. In this project, many employees participated in crowdfunding from the beginning and suffered losses. At present, the progress of liquidation and disposal of stores in various cities is as follows: Shenzhen stores have been liquidated; The founders of Zhengzhou Store and Andian Store have signed a compensation agreement with Jiang personally; Xiamen Store, with the assistance of starting bar, bears the lawyer's fee and has entered the post-arbitration execution procedure; Hangzhou Store and Beijing Store have provided legal service support plan at the beginning because of disputes over their business responsibilities, and hope to reach an agreement on the treatment plan as soon as possible.

Crowdfunding is risky and investment needs to be cautious. Part of this article comes from Tencent News. Welcome to pay attention, like, forward, share and collect.