Study on the Mode of Migrant Workers' Returning Home to Start a Business

Study on the Mode of Migrant Workers' Returning Home to Start a Business

I. Introduction

In the decisive stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the strategy of rural revitalization, emphasizing the need to support and encourage farmers to find jobs and start businesses, and promote the employment and start businesses of migrant workers through multiple channels. Implementing the rural revitalization strategy is an important strategic measure to solve China's "three rural issues" in the new period, and it is also a powerful starting point to accelerate rural modernization, promote urban-rural integration and inclusive development. Under the background of national rural revitalization strategy, it is of great significance to promote migrant workers' entrepreneurship. First of all, migrant workers returning to their hometowns to start businesses is an important category of social entrepreneurship, which is of great significance to building a well-off society in an all-round way and tackling poverty.

(A) the motivation of migrant workers to return home to start businesses

From the existing research, it can be seen that the motivation of migrant workers to return home to start businesses mainly comes from their own factors and external environmental factors. It is found that the motivation of migrant workers to choose to return home to start a business lies in themselves and the macro environment, that is, the favorable conditions for their children to educate, take care of the elderly and start a business.

(B) Migrant workers return home business model

Combined with the existing research, we find that the current mode of migrant workers' returning home to start businesses can be summarized into two modes: experience-driven and resource-driven The biggest feature of experience-driven is that it has a close relationship with the industry at work. Generally, the industry they choose to start a business is the industry they used to work in. Resource-driven type is mainly an entrepreneurial type developed by relying on rural resources.

(C) the impact of migrant workers returning home to start businesses

Existing studies have found that migrant workers returning home to start businesses will have a positive impact on farmers' income, rural economy and rural social development.

(D) the problem of migrant workers returning home to start businesses

Existing studies have found that migrant workers mainly face problems such as insufficient policy support, low quality of migrant workers and lack of venture capital. It is believed that returning migrant workers are faced with the double dilemma of starting capital difficulties and lack of follow-up development funds, which seriously restricts their return to their hometowns for entrepreneurship and follow-up development.

(1) data source

The data of this paper comes from the field survey of 70 entrepreneurs returning home in Xianning City, Hubei Province, the first pilot area of migrant workers returning home to start businesses in China. This survey selects counties and county-level cities according to the level of economic development, then randomly selects them according to the distribution of urban and rural areas and industries, and finally directly interviews the business owners of migrant workers returning home to start businesses. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed in this sampling survey, and 92 questionnaires were collected/kloc-0, with a total recovery rate of 96%.

(2) Definition of variables

(1) dependent variable

Entrepreneurial performance Drawing lessons from the existing research methods of selecting enterprise financial performance, this paper first selects enterprise turnover to measure entrepreneur performance. However, for farmers to start their own businesses, the scale of their enterprises is generally small and the financial system is not perfect enough, so it is often not accurate to measure their financial performance. Therefore, this paper also chooses entrepreneurs' entrepreneurial income to measure entrepreneurial performance.

(2) Independent variables

Entrepreneurial model. According to the correlation between entrepreneurship and their own work experience, this paper divides the entrepreneurial mode of returning migrant workers into two categories: experience-driven and resource-driven, in which experience-driven entrepreneurship refers to the entrepreneurial type that mainly relies on the experience and technology of returning migrant workers. Resource-driven entrepreneurship refers to the type of entrepreneurship developed mainly by relying on the existing ecological resources in rural areas.

(3) Control variables

This paper also selects some control variables, which may have different degrees of impact on entrepreneurial performance. The control variables in this paper include the years of starting a business, the number of employees and the scale of assets.

(1) agriculture

In the agricultural field, the turnover of enterprises and the entrepreneurial income of entrepreneurs under the experience-driven model are slightly higher than those under the resource-driven model. The average annual turnover of enterprises under the two entrepreneurial modes is 465,000 yuan and 425,000 yuan respectively, and the entrepreneurial income of entrepreneurs is 6.5438+0.22 million yuan and 6.5438+0.04 million yuan respectively.

(1) agriculture

In the agricultural field, the turnover of enterprises and the entrepreneurial income of entrepreneurs under the experience-driven model are slightly higher than those under the resource-driven model. The average annual turnover of enterprises under the two entrepreneurial modes is 465,000 yuan and 425,000 yuan respectively, and the entrepreneurial income of entrepreneurs is 6.5438+0.22 million yuan and 6.5438+0.04 million yuan respectively.

3) Service industry

In the service industry, the turnover and entrepreneurial income of enterprises under the experience-driven model are much higher than those under the resource-driven model. The service enterprises founded by returning migrant workers are mostly concentrated in the fields of serving farmers' production and life, such as hotels, tourism and daily necessities sales.

Therefore, local governments should not only build hardware infrastructure that is conducive to rural entrepreneurs returning home, but also help self-made entrepreneurs to create an entrepreneurial atmosphere and an effective communication mechanism among entrepreneurs, and promote experience sharing and information exchange among entrepreneurs, so as to provide migrant workers with business information and channel resources of upstream and downstream industrial chains, and maximize their entrepreneurial potential.