Questions about poetry.

The name of this poem. Li Bai wrote it in the Tang Dynasty. The Yellow Crane Tower is located in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Guangling, now Yangzhou, Jiangsu. The full text is: "The old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and the fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. The lonely sail is far from the blue sky, and only the Yangtze River flows in the sky. " The first two sentences are light and smooth, and the artistic conception is beautiful. The last two sentences blend with each other, showing the author's deep affection for his friends. It is a masterpiece sung through the ages.

Simplified translation:

Yellow crane tower-Meng Haoran's farewell to Yangzhou Li Bai

Gulen sichuang helu

Therefore, people left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west.

Lady Yang

Fireworks show off in Yangzhou in March.

Romance of the Three Kingdoms

Lonely sails and distant shadows are blue and empty,

This is a good example.

I only saw the long river flowing in the sky.

Author background

See the background of the author's Thoughts on a Quiet Night.

Annotation explanation

Yellow Crane Tower: The former site is in Huanghuangji, Wuchang, Hubei Province, with its back against Snake Mountain and overlooking the Yangtze River.

One: Go, go.

Guangling: the old name of Yangzhou.

Western Ci: Yellow Crane Tower is in the west of Guangling, so it is called "Western Ci".

Fireworks: refers to Ruyan Liu, a beautiful spring, full of flowers.

Down the river.

Only: only.

Sky: the horizon. .

Modern Translation of Ancient Poetry

Old friends leave the Yellow Crane Tower in the west and go to Yangzhou in bright spring. The solitary sail is far away from the end of the water, just watching the Yangtze River rush to the horizon.

Appreciation of famous sentences-"An old friend stayed in the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March."

The first two sentences of this poem describe a friend going down to Yangzhou along the river. The word "fireworks" touches the spring scenery and flowers in Ruyan Liu, and the poet's melancholy mood when he bid farewell to his friends is fully revealed. The last two sentences deliberately describe friends' "western words", a lonely sail, accompanied by the poet's friends drifting to the distant place connected by water and sky, until the sail shadow disappeared at the end of the blue sky, but the poet still stood on the roof, staring at the distance, unwilling to leave. Nothing in the poem talks about the sadness of parting, but between the lines, it clearly reveals the melancholy and nostalgia for distant friends. In the poet's works, deep feelings are contained in the touching scenery description, and the feelings and scenery have reached a highly perfect fusion.

Detailed translation:

Make an appreciative comment

Meng Haoran is a famous poet highly respected by Li Bai. He was once praised as "Master, I sincerely salute you, and your fame has risen to the sky". Roaming around the world famous mountains and cities is the fashion and open personality of the literati in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Li Bai, a young man living in Anlu, Hubei Province, has long had the travel experience of "serving the country with his sword, leaving his relatives behind to travel far and wide, and going to the sea in the south and the east". So he bid farewell to Meng Haoran, a famous poet in Wuchang, and went to Yangzhou, a famous city in Jiangzuo (called Guangling in ancient times). In the face of "three talents" linking famous buildings, celebrities and famous cities, he is full of poetry, and his feeling of the world is bright and beautiful, without any sadness. The first two sentences should have explained the time, place and destination of farewell, but this explanation was perceptual by the vivid image of "Fireworks March". Didn't Li Bai have a story of "dream pen gives birth to flowers"? Unexpectedly, as a symbol of his genius, flowers were born in his dream, which actually generated the March fireworks when he said goodbye. Before winning the prize, people called this sentence "eternal quatrain" The sky was also moved by the feeling of bright and beautiful world and became as empty as a shower. Beneath it, the popular Lonely Sail Far Shadow has a sense of loneliness and desolation. It draws the yearning for life in the vast sky. Life is like running water, parting is like running water. The eyes of infinite attachment, following the distant shadow of the solitary sail that disappeared out of sight, have become the great stream of the Yangtze River that lasts forever. The instant and eternal scene of sending a famous building to a famous city has become a poetic symbol of the prosperous tourism of poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

translate

Old friends bid farewell to the Yellow Crane Tower from the west,

Go to Yangzhou, which is full of flowers in March.

The distant shadow of the lonely sailboat disappeared into the blue sky,

I only see the Yangtze River water rushing to the horizon.

To annotate ...

Yellow Crane Tower: The former site is in Huanghuangji, Wuchang, Hubei Province, with its back against Snake Mountain and overlooking the Yangtze River.

One: Go, go.

Guangling: the old name of Yangzhou.

Western Ci: Yellow Crane Tower is in the west of Guangling, so it is called "Western Ci".

Fireworks: refers to Ruyan Liu, a beautiful spring, full of flowers.

Down the river.

Only: only.

Sky: the horizon.

About Yellow Crane Tower

The Yellow Crane Tower, towering above the Snake Mountain in Wuchang, enjoys the reputation of "the best scenery in the world", and is also called "the three famous buildings in the south of the Yangtze River" with Yueyang Tower in Hunan and Wangtengting Pavilion in Jiangxi. The Yellow Crane Tower was built in the Three Kingdoms Period in the second year of Wu (AD 223). Legend has it that it was built for military purposes. Sun Quan built a city to defend himself and looked forward to "ruling the country by force" (hence the name of Wuchang). By the Tang Dynasty, its military nature had gradually evolved into a famous scenic spot, which was visited by literati of all dynasties, leaving many well-known poems. Cui Hao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote: "In ancient times, yellow cranes carried saints to heaven, but today there is no yellow crane tower. The yellow crane never revisited earth, there have been no long white clouds for thousands of years. Every tree in Hanyang has become clear due to sunlight, and Nautilus Island is covered with sweet grass. But I looked home, the twilight was getting thicker, and the river waves were filled with sad mist. " Becoming a swan song throughout the ages has also made the Yellow Crane Tower famous. The Yellow Crane Tower, known as one of the three major buildings in the south of the Yangtze River, was originally located in Fantou of Yellow Crane in Sheshan, Wuchang, Hubei. According to legend, it was built in the second year of Wu in the Three Kingdoms (AD 223), and it was built and destroyed repeatedly for more than 700 years, and was finally destroyed by a fire in the tenth year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1884). This famous building is full of legends, which makes it even more magical. According to Lu, the Yellow Crane Tower was originally a hotel opened by the Xin family. Before leaving, a Taoist drew a crane on the wall to thank her for her thousand cups and told her that it could come down and dance for fun. From then on, the guests were full and the business was booming. 10 years later, the Taoist priest came back and played with a flute. The Taoist priest set foot on the yellow crane and went straight to the sky. In memory of the fairy who helped her get rich, Xin's family built a building in her place and named it "Yellow Crane Tower". There are three different stories about this beautiful fairy tale over the years. The first thought the fairy was Huang Zi 'an, the second thought it was Fei Yi, and the third didn't have the fairy's name.

About Guangling (Yangzhou)

Important cities and military towns on the north bank of the Yangtze River during Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. At the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu dug a ditch here to connect the Yangtze River and Huaihe River and compete for the hegemony of the Central Plains. Qin county, the western Han dynasty set Guangling country, the eastern Han dynasty changed Guangling county, and Guangling county was the governing place, so it is located in Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province today. Cao Wei set the county and moved to Huaiyin. Wu set Guangling County in Yangzhou today. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Guangling County was set up along Wei, and it was placed under Xuzhou. First rule Huaiyin, then move to Sheyang (now Baoying East, Jiangsu). The Eastern Jin Dynasty also ruled. Guangling County covers the area east of Hongze Lake and Liuhe at the junction of Jiangsu and Anhui, south of Siyang, Baoying and Guannan, west of Chuanchang River and north of the Yangtze River. There is Guazhou Town on the bank of the river forty miles south of the city. It is a moraine in the Yangtze River, named after it looks like a melon. The Yangtze River flows from Liuhe County in the northwest, and borders Jingkou County in Dantu County in the south. The two cities face each other across the river, and the north and south echo each other. * * * together constitute the important town of Kyoto Health in the upper reaches of Gong Wei. The river was 40 miles wide at first, then gradually narrowed, and it was only about 20 miles wide in the late Northern and Southern Dynasties. When Xie 'an Town in the Eastern Jin Dynasty was in Guangling, a base area was built twenty miles east of the city, which was called New Town. There is a dam twenty miles north of the new town, which was built by Xie An on the edge of Shaobo Lake to keep water. Later generations compared Xie An to that of Yan State in Zhou Dynasty, and called this Dai Dai. In the sixth year of Huang Chu (225), Wei Wendi Cao Pi conquered Wu and moved the capital to Guangling, the old city. He sighed on the river and said, "the sky is limited to the north and the south." In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Guangling controlled Sanqi, and the secretariat of Qing and Yan was here. In the second year of Xianhe (327), the Soviet Union and Zuyue rebelled. At that time, Chi Jian led the troops of Guangling, Xuzhou Cishi Town, Qingdao and Yanzhou, and he put down the rebellion from Guangling Uprising. In the second year of Taiyuan (377), Xie Xuan was the secretariat of Southern Yanzhou, moved the military headquarters of Southern Yanzhou from Jingkou to Guangling, and recruited expatriates to form the northern government soldiers. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, due to the chaos in the Central Plains, refugees crossed the south, and the overseas Chinese county was permanently located in Guangling. In the eighth year of Song Yuanjia (43 1), it was located in Nanyanzhou, Guangling County, followed by Qi and Liang. Northern Qi Dynasty changed to East Guangzhou, and Chen Dynasty restored South Yanzhou. After the Northern Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was changed to Wuzhou, which was still a military center and was headed by the company commanders. At the beginning of Sui Dynasty, it was Yangzhou and general manager office, and later it was changed to Jiangdu County. The rank of governor is the same as that of mute. Emperor Yang Guang of Yang Di went to Jiangdu and wanted to move the capital here. In the Tang Dynasty, it was changed to Yanzhou, Yanzhou and Yangzhou, and later changed to Guangling County.

About Li Bai

Li Bai (70 1-762) was born in Ji Cheng, Longxi (now Tianshui County, Gansu Province). At the end of Sui Dynasty, he moved to Broken Leaf City in Central Asia (now Tokamak, Soviet Union), where Li Bai was born. At the age of five, his family moved to Mianzhou >: Zhangming County (now Jiangyou County, Sichuan Province). At the age of 20, he left Sichuan alone and began to wander widely, reaching Xiangjiang River in Dongting in the south and wuyue in the east, and living in Anlu (now Anlu County, Hubei Province). He traveled around, hoping to make friends and pay homage to celebrities, so as to be introduced. > climb high to realize political ideals and >; Ambition. However, after ten years of wandering, I have accomplished nothing. Continue to go north to Taiyuan and Chang 'an, east to Qi and Lu, and live in Rencheng, Shandong (now Jining, Shandong). At this time, he has made many celebrities and created a lot of excellent poems, which are famous all over the world. In the early days of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty went to Beijing to worship the Hanlin under the recommendation of Taoist Wu Renyun. Soon, due to the remorse of the dignitaries, he was driven out of Beijing in Tianbao 34 (AD 744 or 745). Since then, he has been wandering in Jiang and Huai, and his thoughts are extremely boring. In the winter of the 14th year of Yu Tianbao (AD 75), An Lushan rebelled. At this time, he lived in seclusion in Lushan Mountain, which coincided with the great army of Wang Yong, and invited Li Bai down the mountain to enter the shogunate. Later, Li Lin rebelled against Su Zong and was eliminated. Li Bai was implicated and sentenced to exile in Yelang (now Guizhou Province). He was pardoned and released halfway from Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) to Xuancheng (now Xuancheng, Anhui). In the first year of Baoying (AD 762), Dai Zong died in dangtu county, Anhui. Li Bai lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He had the progressive ideal of "helping the poor" and "settling down in peace", and he struggled to realize this ideal all his life. A large number of his poems not only reflected the prosperity of that era, but also exposed and criticized the debauchery and corruption of the ruling group, showing the positive spirit of despising the powerful, resisting the traditional bondage and pursuing freedom and ideals. In art, his poems are novel in imagination, strong in emotion, magnificent in artistic conception and fresh and lively in language, forming a bold artistic style and reaching the peak of positive romantic poetry in ancient China. There are more than 900 poems, including Li Taibai's poems.

About Meng Haoran

Meng Haoran (689 ~ 740), a poet in the Tang Dynasty, whose real name was Hao, was Haoran. Xiangyang Xiangzhou (now Xiangfan, Hubei) Xiangyang is known as Meng Xiangyang in the world. Because I have never been an official, I am also called Monsanto. Once lived in seclusion in Lumen Mountain. Traveling to Chang 'an at the age of 40 should be promoted by Jinshi. He once wrote a poem named Gong Qing in imperial academy, and he wrote for it. He has a close friendship with Wang Wei. Legend has it that Wang Wei once invited himself into the office, just as Xuanzong arrived, Haoran fled to the bed. Wang Wei didn't dare to hide it. According to the facts, Xuanzong was ordered to see it. Haoran recited his poem to the sentence "I was exiled by a wise ruler because of my mistakes", but Xuanzong was not happy. He said, "You don't want to be an official, and I haven't abandoned you. Why do you falsely accuse me!" Put it back in Xiangyang. After roaming in wuyue, I was extremely poor. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan (734), Han Chaozong invited Meng Haoran to Chang 'an to show his respect. But he didn't want to be famous, so he stood me up and got nowhere. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling became the long history of Jingzhou, which led to the shogunate. Before long, he returned to his former residence. In the 28th year of Kaiyuan, Wang Changling visited Xiangyang and Meng Haoran. They met and enjoyed each other. Haoran's disease broke out on his back, and he would be cured, and he would die because he indulged in feasting and eating fresh food. Meng Haoran was born in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was useful to the world in his early years, but he was politically frustrated and lived in seclusion for life. He is an honest and clean man, and he doesn't like to please others. His Geng Jie disobedient character and naive and noble sentiment are admired by contemporary and future generations. Li Bai praised him and said: "The beauty is unlucky, so don't focus on the car, but on the clouds; Now, "White-haired" said admiringly: "Gaoshan, how I long to reach you, just to pay tribute to Chun Xiang (A Word to Meng Haoran). Wang Shiyuan said in the preface to Meng Haoran that he was "handsome in appearance and handsome in spirit; Rescuing patients, resolving disputes, in order to establish righteousness; Irrigation of vegetables and bamboo is noble. " Wang Wei once painted his portrait in Yunzhou Pavilion with the title "Haoran Pavilion". Later generations respected him and refused to call him by his first name, so he changed his name to "Meng Ting" and became a local scenic spot. It can be seen that he is famous among ancient poets. Wang Wei, Li Bai and Wang Changling are all his good friends, and Du Fu, Pi Rixiu and others also have a good relationship with him.