Regional planning of hotel decoration design

First of all, the area of the guest room.

The standard room area of a guest room is the most important index of the whole hotel, which can even determine the grade of the whole hotel. Since 1980s, the room area in hotel design at home and abroad has been increasing.

As we know, the size of the guest room is limited by the spacing of the building column network. In hotel design, since 1950s, most western countries, especially the United States, have adopted the width of 3.7m for hotel rooms. In 1980s, this method spread to China. Since then, most hotel buildings in China have adopted 7.2m and 7.5m column grids. According to the design of one column spacing between two rooms, the room area is about 26 ㎡ ~ 30 ㎡. In the 1990s, the column spacing of the building was expanded to 8 ~ 8.4 m, and then the guest room area was also expanded to about 36㎡. Before the beginning of this century, the spacing between columns and grids was expanded to 9 m. At this time, the guest room area is about 40m2, and the general column spacing of newly-built high-end hotels is 10m, so the guest room area is increased to about 50m2. You can see its development trend from the following list.

According to the international and domestic practices, we compared the technical and economic performance of the rooms in the above four periods with the area index:

When the room width is about 3.7m, the cost performance ratio (the ratio of building cost to room function) is the best. For more than half a century, almost all city business hotels in the world have followed Kemmons, the founder of American Holiday Inn. Wilson designed a standard room (we call it standard room). This room is generally about 3.7 meters wide. Two twin rooms or a king room can be placed on one side of the wall, and a writing desk, luggage rack, mini-bar and spacious aisle can be placed on the other side. When the guest is lying in bed reading the TV on the desk, the viewing angle and distance are just right. At that time, the "standard room" was generally a 7.2m~7.5m column net with a height of 3m and an area of 26m2. There are eleven pieces of furniture in the room, and the facilities in the bathroom are three big pieces and six small pieces. This standard has lasted for many years from abroad to China, which is a classic.

Second, the functional partition and space analysis of guest rooms

The general room is divided into three areas: small aisle, bathroom and guest room.

● Small walkways:

The small aisle is the transition space from guest room to guest room. In this part, we usually combine several functions such as transportation, wardrobe and mini-bar. Judging from the current design trend, it seems that the traffic function is emphasized and the other two functions are deviated. In order to highlight the "volume" of the guest room, the method of "pressing" is often used in the "shaping" of this transitional space, which is also called "restraining first and then promoting". Let the guests go through a transitional space between high and low floors first, and there will be a sudden psychological feeling in the bedroom area. Therefore, the size of this space may be slightly lower. Another advantage of reducing the height of the corridor ceiling is to make full use of the space in the corridor ceiling, such as fan coil units, new air ducts and pipes. All the air conditioners are set here. There is also a minimum requirement for the clear width of small corridors, that is, the clearance should be 1. 10m wide. Less than 1. 10m will cause inconvenience. Many designs widen this width by various methods, such as "hard widening", and some designs increase the width of small corridors to 1.3m (mostly when the room clearance is greater than 4. 1m). Although this method widens the small corridor, it compresses the space of the bathroom. In order not to reduce the area of the bathroom, we can use "visual widening", that is, use mirrors or glass on the facade of the small corridor to increase the psychological feeling of space expansion by using its reflectivity or permeability. Improve the comfort of guests when passing through the small corridor. "Space blending": treat the walls of small corridors and bathrooms as movable partitions. When the bathroom is not in use, open the sliding door to melt the space of the bathroom into the space of the small corridor and expand the space. Due to the use of sliding doors, the functions such as bar and wardrobe are transferred to other spaces (in traditional room design, these two functions are always next to the small corridor space).

Small corridors and bathrooms compete for space, precisely because of the existence of this pair of contradictions, leaving a big sky for the opening of design windows. How to design the bathroom? What about privacy? It provides many designers with opportunities for creation and inspiration.

● Toilet:

Guest room design, the design of the whole hotel is 80% successful, and the design of guest room bathroom and guest room design is 80% successful, so the importance of guest room bathroom is self-evident.

We divide the bathroom into two areas: dry area and wet area. Four functions: shower, bathtub, toilet, sink (some hotel rooms and bathrooms also add dresser function). In addition to the above functions, the most important thing is convenient use, reasonable division of dry and wet areas, smooth flow line setting in the bathroom, and convenient and safe use for guests.

The design of wet area includes shower and bathtub. The shower space is required to be closed, and the water cannot overflow outside when the guests take a shower. The details of humanized design make us pay great attention to the shower design in wet areas, such as the anti-skid problem of the ground; The drainage is smooth and the underground drainage pipe is concealed. Set small stone oranges in a small space of about 1㎡ to facilitate guests to take a bath. The size, location and height of the bath box should also be carefully considered, and the basic space needed for guests to move in the shower room should also be specially calculated. Compared with the shower room where guests are standing and moving, the bathtub area is designed to take into account the special requirements of guests lying and moving. The position of bath liquid, soap box and hand-held shower head, the length and height of bathtub handle and the treatment of bathtub overflow must be designed according to the requirements of human body function. The installation position of the hardware faucet in the bathtub should not interfere with the activities of the guests.

The functions of the dry area include toilets and washstands. In addition to the original function, the washbasin cabinet is also equipped with a small TV. Of course, there are magnifying glasses, 1 10V conjoined sockets, hair dryers and so on. It is still a reserved project for designers. What they are trying to do is the relationship between the ceramic washbasin and the countertop, or the basin under the countertop, or the basin on the countertop, or the treatment under half the stage. Because some daily hand washing products should be placed on the sink, it should have a certain length, and the design practice proves that its length should not be less than 1 meter. The best way to deal with the bathroom is to divide it into an independent small space and set a door for it separately, so that when the bathroom wall is changed into a sliding door, the privacy of the bathroom is still good. Add books and newspaper clips, telephone and SOS to the toilet space.

● Guest room:

Rooms are also roughly divided into three functions: sleeping, living and working.

As one of the main facilities of business hotel rooms, the writing desk is symbolic. In leisure and holiday hotels, the writing desk should not be so formal and conspicuous, but in the room furnishings of city business hotels, the word writing desk should be one of the important design elements besides the bed. The reason why we emphasize its size, height, shape, color, material and so on is because one of the main functions of a business hotel-"business". The business office desk is only for its iconic facilities.

The writing desk in the work area is not a single writing function in the past, but a combination of TV, stereo (most five-star hotel rooms are equipped with low speakers connected to TV, which has better sound effect), writing function, mini-bar, safe and luggage rack. In the past, as a whole, the combination form of writing desk was large, so its style, material and color decided the decoration style of the whole room. The exhibition mode has also changed from "face-to-face teaching" in the past to "face-to-face teaching" now.

The sleeping area is one of the areas where interior designers work the most. Whether it is a big bed in a big bed room or a double bed in a double room, the most important thing is the design of the bed backboard and bedside table. No matter what changes and innovations are made in form and materials, one thing should be paid special attention to, that is, it should be consistent with the style and materials of the desk and the design elements should be related. The requirements for the size and hardness of the mattress directly reflect the comfort of the guest room. Generally speaking, the setting is neutral, neither soft nor hard, and the cushion has good elasticity, but a part of 100mm thick cushion is provided for emergencies.

Great changes have taken place in the living function design of guest rooms. In 1980s and 1990s, this area was usually equipped with two sofas, a coffee table and a floor lamp. Now more emphasis is placed on the concept of "business". The fabric color and material of the sofa can be very different from other fabrics in the room, even the styles and fabrics of the two sofas are different, which will not destroy the overall sense of the room, but will be more lively and have a "home" feeling. The design innovation of guest rooms often begins with these ornaments. Of course, if there is great creativity in space, it is in the guest room. The guest room should be designed with the functions of sleeping, working and living integrated, which can accommodate 1 ~ 4 people and can carry out multiple activities at the same time. Designers divide or merge some functional areas through technical treatment to increase the applicability of rooms to different guests.

III. Guest Room Furniture and Equipment

In addition to fixed furniture (such as wardrobe, bar and sink), there are more movable furniture in the guest room.

● Basic movable furniture is as follows:

1, beds (two1.35m× 2m or one1.8m× 2m big bed)

2. The basic size of bedside table (1 ~ 2 pieces) is 500×600×500)

3. Desk, TV cabinet, luggage rack or three-purpose desk (more than 3 meters in length)

4. Writing chairs (1 ~ 2 pieces)

5. Sofa (1 ~ 2 pieces) or lounge chair 1 piece.

6. Coffee table (1 piece)

7. Makeup stool (1 piece)

● Room equipment:

In addition to water supply and drainage, strong and weak electricity, air conditioning, heating and ventilation, fire alarm and other professional equipment. , and the guests directly use related equipment is as follows:

1, small refrigerator (more than 50 liters)

2. TV (preferably a thin TV over 37 inches)

3. Safe

4. Bass speaker

Step 5 sound

6. Electric kettle

7. If possible, you can set up a desktop computer or a number of portable computers for your guests.

● Bathroom equipment:

1, shower, faucet with water flow regulating system and water temperature regulating system, with shower nozzle diameter above 25cm.

2. Bathtub, not less than 1.5m×0.78m, with hand-held shower head.

3, basin, with adjustable water flow, water temperature faucet.

4. Bathroom, preferably a low-noise scroll connected water tank.

5. Towel rack, shower curtain rod, towel rack, soap box, sanitary paper box, mouthwash cup rack, mouthwash cup, hair dryer, book and newspaper bag, SOS, clothesline.

● Guest room entrance door:

No matter how the apartment type changes, no matter how novel the interior furnishings are, no matter what innovations the designers try to make, one part is eternal, and that is the entrance door of the guest room.

"Door"-this common object, seemingly simple, actually contains mystery. There are several kinds of data that cannot be ignored.

Height, width and size data of doors

For decades, many designers have regarded the size of the door in the standard atlas as a classic: this size is generally 2 100mm× 1000mm, which is the size of the hole of the door. After installing the door, the net size of the door leaf is only 2030 mm× 850 mm When we design the five-star hotel room, the size of the entrance door has changed greatly. Generally, it is 2300mm× 1 100mm. After installing the door, the net size of the door leaf is 2230mm× 1000mm. In many cases, as long as the height of the site allows, sometimes we will raise the height of the door to 2400 mm, the main purpose of which is to upgrade the grade of the guest room with less investment. The moment people enter the guest room, the information conveyed by the formal sense of the door will give the guests a noble cognition.

The design of the door is an important part of the personalization of the guest room.

The entrance door of the room is solid wood door, the thickness is not less than 5 1mm, and the sound insulation effect is not less than 43 dB. More than three 12 inch hinges are fixed. The upper end of the door is equipped with a hidden or open door closer, the lower end is equipped with an automatic sound insulation strip, and there is a sound insulation roof around it. Door panels are equipped with cat eyes and anti-theft chains. Electronic control system of door lock card. In particular, there must be a fire evacuation indicator on the door leaf near the interior of the room. There must be a room number outside.