Langzhong past events

The victory in the lottery can break the heart,

The south of Langzhou is sparsely populated.

-Du Fu's Song of Langshui

Langzhong is a place where many stories are circulated.

An uncle of mine once lamented when visiting Langzhong: "Langzhong is a small place, but it can have such rich historical and cultural resources."

Indeed, from Gong Yuan, Chuanbei Road Society, Confucian Temple, Zhangfei Temple, Zhongtianlou, Huaguanglou, Zhuangyuanfang, Wangtengting, Baita, Giant Buddha Temple, Jinping Mountain and Tiangongyuan in Sichuan in the Qing Dynasty, interesting Langzhong past events can be heard everywhere.

In Langzhong, the most common and resounding name belongs to Zhang Fei. Yes, it is Zhang Fei of Liu, the third sworn friend of Taoyuan during the Three Kingdoms period.

There is a Han Huanhou Ancestral Hall in Langzhong ancient city, commonly known as Zhang Fei Temple, which has a history of 1700 years. Zhang Hou Temple in Tang Dynasty and Xiong Wei Temple in Ming Dynasty. In Qing Dynasty, it was changed to Han Huanhou Ancestral Hall. Zhang Fei's tomb was built in Zhang Fei Temple, and it was made of oval bricks, 25 meters wide from east to west, 42 meters long from north to south and 8 meters high. The first time I saw such a big tomb, I thought it was a fence. Zhangfei South Road is one of the main roads in Langzhong city center and the only way to the east gate of the ancient city. Nine statues of past generals were carved on the General Square not far from the Wang Teng Pavilion, and the tallest one in the middle was the statue of Zhang Fei riding a horse. There is also a local product that must be bought, Zhang Fei beef, one of the three treasures in Langzhong. Everything is related to Zhang Fei, which shows that Langzhong people love Zhang Fei very much.

"No Enemy" praised him for his courage and often galloped on the battlefield.

The "mental game" shows that after his death, his heroic spirit still protects one side.

Most people know Zhang Fei through the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms or film and television works. Luo Guanzhong portrayed Zhang Fei as a brave man. In Liu's pen, he will always be the most impulsive, violent, drinking and causing trouble. But is Zhang Fei really like this in history?

In fact, although Zhang Fei is a military commander, he is a well-educated military commander. It is said that he is both civil and military, thick outside and fine inside. An example of Zhang Fei's culture is that his calligraphy is excellent, especially good at a kind of official script "Han Ba Fen" in the Han Dynasty. Later, some people commented that his accomplishments even surpassed those of the famous calligraphers in the Three Kingdoms period. How about Zhang Fei's calligraphy? You can go to Zhangfei Temple in Langzhong to see the ancient monument "Zhang Fei writes at once".

Zhang Fei, who is both civil and military, can't just write big characters and draw beautiful pictures. He must be able to manage one side of the land when he is not fighting. After Liu Bei pacified Yizhou, Zhang Fei was appointed as the prefect of Brazil and stationed in Langzhong. Zhang Fei's greatest contribution to Langzhong is to protect the environment and people. Even Yong Zhengdi said, "Zhang Fei, a general of Shu Han, guards Langzhong, which is a guarantee." But not only that, Zhang Fei also has knowledge and skills related to agriculture and handicrafts. As soon as he arrived in Langzhong, he began to guide the masses to develop agriculture and handicrafts, and also taught them the techniques of planting mulberry and raising silkworms. Langzhong led by Zhang Fei showed unprecedented prosperity. Until he was killed, Zhang Fei was stationed in Langzhong for more than seven years, which is really not long for the history of a city. However, Zhang Fei, who loves the people as a son and manages the country well, has been loved and commemorated by Langzhong people for generations, and even became the spiritual symbol and patron saint of the city. Is Zhang Fei in Langzhong's memory very different from the image we imagined?

As a military commander, if he can't die of natural causes, the ideal destination is nothing more than dying in the battlefield. But before sending troops, Zhang Fei was secretly killed by people around him, and his death was really wrong. Legend has it that Zhang Da and Fan Qiang who killed Zhang Fei cut off Zhang Fei's head and fled to Wu Dong by boat to defect. On the way, they heard that Sun Quan made peace with Liu Bei, panicked and threw Zhang Fei's head into Jialing River. Zhang Fei's head drifted with the river to Yunyang, Chongqing, was picked up by a fisherman and buried in Phoenix Mountain in Yunyang. This is the well-known legend that Zhang Fei was buried in Yunyang and Langzhong.

Unfortunately, a generation of famous soldiers died at the hands of assassins. What is even more regrettable is that they were beheaded after death and could not die completely. Zhang Fei's hometown is in Zhuozhou, Hebei Province, which is 1500 kilometers away. Neither Yunyang nor Langzhong is the source of his fallen leaves. It's just that after 1800 years of world changes, I hope he has returned to his hometown.

Langzhong Wangteng Pavilion is located in Yutai Mountain in the north of the ancient city. Du Fu, a poet, visited Wang Tengting many times, leaving a poem "King is near Bashan, and the ladder is still within reach". On the day of Wang Ge, the weather was a little gloomy, and Goby looked much taller. When I saw the word "Tengwangge", I naturally thought of Wang Bo's Preface to Tengwangge, but the Tengwangge described by Wang Bo was in Nanchang, Jiangxi, not Langzhong. So, how many Wang Teng pavilions have been built in Wang Teng?

In the early Tang Dynasty, there was a second-generation emperor. His father was an emperor, his brother was an emperor, and later his nephew became an emperor. His name is Li Yuanying.

Li Yuanying is different from his brother Li Shimin. He has never experienced the second generation of officials and was born in the royal family. Because he was born in Li Tang 12 years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, four years after the Xuanwumen Revolution, that is, four years after Emperor Taizong came to power. As the emperor's younger brother, Li Yuanying will naturally be crowned king and get a fief. In the thirteenth year of Zhenguan, he was awarded Tengzhou, Shandong, so he was called Wang Teng. Calculate that he was only nine years old.

Encyclopedias on the Internet show that the title of "Wang Teng" is not exclusive to Li Yuanying. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, Tengzhou, Shandong Province was now one of the vassal states. Therefore, it has been named "Wang Teng" since the Northern Zhou Dynasty. Every dynasty in history had 16 "Wang Teng", but Li Yuanying was undoubtedly the most famous one.

Why is this Wang Teng Li Yuanying the most famous? Let's talk about one of his hobbies, which is "civil engineering". Li Yuanying was originally awarded the title of Tengzhou. Later, in Tengzhou, he exacted taxes and levies, which caused great public anger. His nephew Tang Gaozong had to demote him to Suzhou and transfer him to Hongzhou, namely Nanchang, Jiangxi. Later, Tang Gaozong, seeing that he was unrepentant, once again issued a warning to transfer him to Longzhou, that is, Langzhong, Sichuan. Li Yuanying may be an optimist by nature. He didn't realize the warning to the emperor's nephew. But in Tengzhou, Hongzhou and Longzhou, where he has been, he built a Wang Tengting Pavilion, which belongs to Wang Teng Palace. It is Wang Bo's Preface to Wang Teng-ting handed down from generation to generation that makes this second-generation emperor, who has made no contribution to the country and society, go down in history. In fact, the pavilion in Langzhong was built for missing my hometown Tengzhou, and the pavilion in Tengzhou no longer exists.

Of course, the palace built by Wang Teng for himself will not be a small building or pavilion built casually. After all, the people are sovereign. From site selection to construction, it costs a lot. Nanchang Wang Teng Pavilion is located on the bank of Ganjiang River, high above it. Langzhong Wang Teng Pavilion was built on the bank of Jialing River, on the mountainside of Yutai, with a large scale. Li Yuanying grew up in the prosperous time of Zhenguan, but he didn't catch up with him in expanding territory and founding the country, and it was not his turn to govern the country. His royal education is all embodied in art. It is said that Li Yuanying has a high artistic accomplishment, especially good at painting butterflies. His personal preferences and artistic aesthetics are also reflected in his Wang Teng Pavilion. Surrounded by such beautiful scenery and elegant pavilions every day, it is no wonder that Wang Teng lived in Langzhong for five years and was not satisfied with Chang 'an.

The restored Wang Teng Pavilion has become a tourist attraction, which makes visitors linger on its beautiful scenery. However, for thousands of years, they have suffered more, perhaps for their owners. How many people's blood and sweat were sacrificed for the "king's platform on Bashan", which made the "ladder still climbable"!

The most frequently heard word in Langzhong is "Feng Shui". Langzhong, known as the first ancient city of geomantic omen, is surrounded by water on three sides, in the "water embrace" of Jialing River and surrounded by mountains on all sides. The mountains are in the form of four elephants: South Suzaku, North Xuanwu, East Qinglong and West White Tiger, guarding the ancient city in the center. The ancient city of Langzhong is centered on the Zhongtian Pagoda, which is the highest point of the ancient city and the acupuncture point of the "Longsha Water Cave". This ancient city was built entirely according to the geomantic omen of the Tang Dynasty. If you are interested in Feng Shui, you can go to the Feng Shui Museum in the ancient city and listen to the explanation.

Speaking of Feng Shui in Tang Dynasty, we have to mention two figures related to Feng Shui, Yuan Tiangang and Li. These two men are both famous astronomers in history and masters of Feng Shui.

Yuan Tiangang is from Sichuan. When Emperor Taizong heard that he was a metaphysician and good at divination, he recruited him to his side. Who knows that more than a year later, that is, eight years after Zhenguan, Yuan Tiangang had a premonition that he would be in trouble if he continued to accompany you, so he resigned and returned to his hometown to become a county magistrate. As a result, in the summer of the same year, according to his own calculations, he died in his hometown of Huojing County.

Li is not only an astronomer, but also a mathematician and meteorologist. He is the first person in the world to grade the wind. Li spent more time with Emperor Taizong. He joined the army as a clerk when Emperor Taizong was still the king of Qin, and worked in Taishi Bureau for 40 years in the first year of Zhenguan.

In this way, Yuan Tiangang and Li did not spend too much time with Emperor Taizong, but left a wonderful book "Pushing Endorsement" created by them.

There is an interesting legend about the origin of the name "TuiBeiTu". It is said that Emperor Taizong asked Yuan Tiangang and Li to predict the national luck of the Tang Dynasty together, and Li calculated it with the Eight Diagrams of the Book of Changes. I didn't expect to get addicted after a calculation, and it was more than 2,000 years after the Tang Dynasty, until Yuan Tiangang gave him a push on his back to stop him from saying, "The cat will never leak again." Therefore, this wonderful prophecy book co-authored by two people is called "Pushing Endorsement".

In addition to the push-back diagram, Yuan Tiangang and Li also have a connection point, that is, they both chose to be buried in Langzhong after their death. It was probably Yuan Tiangang who first discovered Langzhong, a treasure trove of geomantic omen. He once looked at the celestial phenomena at night and found that there was a king thousands of miles away in the southwest, indicating that the country changed hands, so he reported to Emperor Taizong. Emperor Taizong was frightened and ordered him to personally inspect the southwest. Yuan Tiangang found Langzhong, Sichuan, and saw Panlong Mountain, large and small, walking around the city like two dragons, so he ordered people to cut off the junction of the two mountains to break Long Mai. Today, there are still the remains of the "Sawing Mountain Pass" in Langzhong, but Langzhong has never been an emperor, although talents have come forth in large numbers since then. Perhaps it was from then on that Yuan Tiangang took a fancy to Langzhong's geomantic omen and decided to bury himself here. Thirty-five years later, Li also chose Langzhong as his home. It is said that Yuan Tiangang was buried in Guanjiashan in the south and Li was buried in Wulitai in the north. The two tombs are far away from each other, showing a double phoenix rising in the morning. In the middle is Langzhong Temple built in memory of them.

Confucian Temple, Gong Yuan and Champion Square are the cultural symbols of Langzhong ancient city. The Confucian Temple is a Confucian institution of learning and a temple that inherits Confucian culture. Gong Yuan is the examination room of Sichuan Imperial Examination in Qing Dynasty, and it is the most complete and largest imperial examination culture museum in China. Champion Square, located at the east gate of the ancient city, is separated by the ancient city and the new city. The names of the four top scholars in Langzhong are engraved on the beams on both sides, namely Yin Shu, Hawk Inghi, Chen Yaomao and Chen Yaozi.

The beautiful talk of "a family of seven sons, a father and son exploring flowers three times" is by no means rare in the history of China, and the four champions in Langzhong are two pairs of brothers.

During the reign, assistant minister Du of the Ministry of Rites served as the examiner. After Du passed the examination of poetry, fu and strategy, he said to more than 500 people present: "You are all well-educated people, but there are only 30 places for scholars. It's really hard to decide who to choose. Which one of you would like to help me write a comment and evaluate the admission list? " All the people looked at each other, and no one dared to go up. At this time, an old man volunteered: "Yin Shu is incompetent and dares to try." This man named Yin Shu was over 70 years old at that time. He wrote comments while reading their articles and then read them out in public. All the people praised his fairness and accuracy, and they were completely convinced. The task was completed quickly, but Du saw that there was a second place and a flower in the list, but there was no champion, so he asked who could be elected champion. Yin Shu said in surprise: "This scholar must be an old man!" Du was shocked and looked at other examples. When he saw someone nodding, some people kept quiet, but no one objected. Du also took it, so he asked to write his name on the top column. This is the story of "self-explanatory scholar" recorded in Tang Zheyan. Yin Shucheng is the first self-taught champion with the consent of the master in the history of China Imperial Examination, and also the oldest one. Twenty-two years later, his younger brother Yin Ji also won the first prize, and the Yin brothers were honored as "Indus, Indus".

It's time for the Song Dynasty. Langzhong's Chen brothers Chen Yaosou and Chen Yaozuo were admitted to Jinshi, and their eldest brother Chen Yaosou was a top student in high school. 1 1 years later, Chen Yaozi, another brother of Chen Yaomao, was also a top student in high school. The Chen family produced two top scholars, one scholar, two prime ministers, and once again, a talented family.

According to records, from Sui Dynasty to Guangxu in Qing Dynasty, the imperial examination was abolished in three years. There were millions of reference candidates in the middle of 1300, but there were only 672 liberal arts champions, of which only 15 were in Sichuan Province and 4 were in Langzhong. There are 17 local brothers who won the first prize, but only one place has two pairs of brothers won the first prize.

Located in the general square near Wangtengge at the foot of Yutai Mountain in the north gate of Langzhong ancient city, there are nine generals from Qin and Han Dynasties to the late Qing Dynasty. The highest sculpture is Zhang Fei, the favorite of Langzhong people. The other eight are well-known military commanders from Langzhong in past dynasties.

As mentioned just now, his name is not only engraved in the Champion Square, but also his statue appears in the General Square, because he later changed from a civil servant to Wu Zhi, from a bachelor of Hanlin, a doctor of You Jian, and a bachelor of Longtuge, and turned our era into the era of Hotan. How can a champion be a general? The Biography of Chen Yaozi in the History of Song Dynasty records: "Chen Kang is good at shooting, and chinese odyssey is good at shooting." He once defended the border town against the invasion of Qidan and Xixia for the Great Song Dynasty. Visible Wu Wen's all-rounder, really unique.

There is also Fan Mu, the leader of Langzhong Ba people, who decided the Northern Sanqin, which became Liu Bang's help to unify the world. During the Three Kingdoms period, Ma Zhong, an important official in Shu and Han Dynasties, was known to those familiar with the Three Kingdoms. Zhang Xian, Yue Fei's lover and son-in-law, resisted gold with Yue Fei's father and son, and was also harmed by Qin Gui. Zhang Chaoliang, a descendant of Zhang Xian, made great contributions to the crusade against Junggar during Yongzheng period. Yong Zhengdi praised him as an "ancient star". Wait a minute. Langzhong is an important military town in Bashu. These generals who left their names here are all Langzhong people, and they were also battlefield heroes who defended their country and defended their country.

Langzhong Baita is located in Baita Mountain in the southern suburb of Langzhong. The White Pagoda has thirteen floors, and the access to the tower is extremely narrow, allowing only one person to get up and down. If someone gets off on the way to the tower, only one person can hide in the tower. Climb to the top floor and get a panoramic view of Langzhong. However, you must hurry down at a glance, because there are already many people waiting behind.

It is said that the White Pagoda in Langzhong is a Feng Shui Pagoda, guarding one side of the land. Langzhong was also the hardest hit by the May12 earthquake in 2008. The wooden pillars of the sky tower in the ancient city were distorted by earthquake waves, and the white tower of the Ming Dynasty was broken by earthquake for more than 400 years. Langzhong people firmly believe that the White Pagoda sacrificed itself and protected the peace of Langzhong ancient city. The White Pagoda we are seeing now is already the product of post-disaster reconstruction.

There is an interesting legend about the White Pagoda, which is related to Luban, the originator of craftsmen. It is said that Lu Ban was invited to Langzhong to build a Feng Shui pagoda. Lu Ban took his apprentice Zhao Qiao to the ancient city to choose a site for the tower and promised to build it before the Double Ninth Festival. However, as time went by, there was no movement at the tower building site, and Zhao Qiao began to worry that the master could not fulfill his promise. One night, Zhao Qiao woke up from a dream and saw that his master was not there, so he looked around. He found Lu Ban busy at the tower building site, so he approached and quietly observed. Suddenly, he was surprised to see a group of pigs who could not see the edge. They were marching neatly to the construction site under the command of Lu Ban. As soon as the pig arrived at the construction site, it instantly turned into pieces of blue-pecked stones and automatically set up an octagonal Sumitomo tray. It turns out that Lu Ban is using magic to build a tower. Zhao Qiao looked curiously down the ranks of pigs and saw that they had crossed the river from the north bank of Guanlushui Wharf, a downstream river 30 miles away from the ancient city. At this time, some pigs have just entered the water. Knowing that the master has the rule of rooster crowing, he wants to play a prank and make things difficult for the master. He used an evil method to turn all the pigs crossing the river back into stones in advance. At this time, the tower on the construction site was almost capped, but Lu Ban found that the remaining pigs had not come yet. It's almost dawn, so this secret must not be revealed. What can we do? In desperation, Lu Ban hurriedly took the iron pot for cooking to and from the top of the tower. At the top of the tower, the east began to show white. Lu Ban finally breathed a sigh of relief when he looked at the sky that was gradually lit up and the white tower that was finally completed. It is said that the smooth black stone left in the river on the north bank of Hexi Guandukou has been called "pig stone" ever since. When the water level is low, they will show their heads.

I have never seen the "pig stone" in the river with my own eyes. It is just an absurd folklore that Lu Ban used magic to build a white tower. But the charm of the legend lies in that it leaves us a space that cannot be verified, and we can fill it at will.

Strolling through the criss-crossing streets of the ancient city of Langzhong, facing several main streets of Zhongtian Building, shops are everywhere, tourists are everywhere, and it is lively and noisy, just like many more and more commercialized ancient towns in China. But turning a corner and turning into the reserved residential area in the ancient city, I suddenly stepped into peace and was surrounded by the breath of life. I suddenly feel that this is what the ancient city should look like, and that is the place where there is a real story.

The older the place, the more stories. Bricks and tiles, grass and trees are no longer ordinary "things", but have condensed the "soul" for thousands of years. The story tempered by time is not necessarily the most true, but it must be the most delicious. Just like a pot of old soup, after a long slow fire, the taste is endless and the lips and teeth are fragrant.