On the Translation of Classical Chinese

1. Yan Yuan, a lover of classical Chinese, translated it well. Fan, a native of Qiantang in the Southern Dynasties.

Yan Yuan was very studious when he was young. He studied classics and history extensively and studied Buddhism deeply. But he is very modest and never looks down on others because of his own advantages. He has great respect for others, and he is afraid of hurting others when talking to others.

Even if a person is at home, Zhuang Jing is as self-sustaining and meticulous as a guest, and everyone he meets doesn't respect him. He is kind by nature, even to those who steal his own property, he is kind to them and considerate of each other everywhere.

Yan Yuan's family is very poor and lives only by growing vegetables. Once, Yan Yuan came out from home and found someone stealing his cabbage.

Yan Yuan hurried home. Mother asked him why, and Yan Yuan told her what she had just seen.

Mother asked who the thief was, and Yan Yuan said, "I came back because I was afraid of being ashamed of the thief. I'll tell you his name, I hope you won't reveal it to others! " Mother and son have kept this secret ever since. There is a ditch outside the vegetable garden in Yan Yuan. Someone crossed the ditch to steal his bamboo shoots.

Yan Yuan deliberately cut down trees and built a bridge in the ditch, so that people who steal bamboo shoots don't have to cross the river. People who steal bamboo shoots are very ashamed of this, and there are no thieves in this area anymore.

Many officials admired Yan Yuan's virtue and recommended him as an official many times, but Yan Yuan was quite indifferent to fame and fortune and refused them one by one.

2. Ruan Yuan's biography of classical Chinese full-text translation of Qing history draft Ruan Yuan biography

original text

Ruan Yuan was born in Yizheng, Jiangsu. When Qianlong entered the Jinshi in fifty-four years, he was called to the right place and said with joy, "I didn't expect to get another man in eighty years!" " Jiaqing four years, acting as the governor of Zhejiang, seeking truth. Haikou has disturbed Zhejiang for several years, and coastal bandits colluded. The cluster is discussed as a strategy to prevent thieves, shipbuilding and guns, practice land division and help Du. In the summer of five years, when Kou arrived, Yuan went to Taizhou to supervise the suppression, so he asked the company commander and president of Dinghai Town to be the navy division of Sanzhen Town, and transferred troops from Guangdong and Fujian to suppress it, and it gradually became clear outside Zhejiang. Ten years later, Ding Yuan's father left his job in a gloomy mood. In twelve years, he served as assistant minister of the Ministry of War and was appointed as the governor of Zhejiang. The Yuan Dynasty ruled Zhejiang, with many benefits, and used the cloud to calm the duke. When Fang was in Ningbo, he invited Liu Daiqi, an official, to invigilate, which had the disadvantage of joint examination. He dismissed the official, sent him a letter, dismissed him, edited him and walked in Wenying Pavilion. Reluctantly moved to the cabinet bachelor, moved to the Ministry of Industry Assistant Minister, and became the governor of grain transportation. Twenty-two years, Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi. In the first year, the British envoy entered Beijing and returned without ceremony, so he gradually became domineering. Yuan also added two forts, Dahuangjiao and Dahushan, to be stationed separately. Repeatedly avoiding the invasion of foreign enemies, he briefly said, "The British are strong and rebellious, and they are greedy by nature." It is advisable to use town force, not town force. His ship is strong, better than water and shorter than land. It is stipulated that foreign cargo ships are not allowed to enter the inland sea without permission, and if they violate the law, they should improvise, hell to pay. All countries know that they have violated my ban, which is not my fault. "In the end, soldiers and ships will not arrive. In the sixth year of Daoguang, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou paid more than 100 thousand yuan for the long-term shortage of salt in Yunnan to stop the smuggling of privately mined salt wells. The unbalanced adjustment makes up for the classes that have been over one year. When sales flooded, people in Baoshan and other places called it charming and hunted for a living, so they raised 300 households to plant mountains for self-defense. Savages are afraid of power, and some gradually surrender. Twenty-nine, eighty-six, Youxinzhi T-shirt, Svenda. (Excerpted from the Draft of the Qing Dynasty? Biography of Ruan Yuan)

Reference translation

Ruan Yuan was born in Yizheng, Jiangsu. In the 54th year of the senior high school entrance examination in Qianlong, the emperor summoned Ruan Yuan to answer questions about politics, economy and justice. (After the emperor was ready to come out, he said happily, "I didn't expect another talent after the age of 80." In the fourth year of Jiaqing, Ruan Yuan acted as the agent of Zhejiang Governor, and soon officially assumed this position. Pirates have been harassing the coastal areas of Zhejiang for many years, and collusion with coastal bandits is even more harmful. Ruan Yuan solicited and collected everyone's opinions, formulated strategies to eliminate pirates, built ships and cannons, trained land troops, and put an end to support for pirates. In the summer of the fifth year of Jiaqing, Haikou launched a massive attack, and Ruan Yuan rushed to Taizhou to suppress the warlords, requesting (the imperial court) that Li Changgeng, the company commander of Dinghai Town, command the naval divisions of the three towns in a unified way, and at the same time dispatch troops from Guangdong and Fujian to jointly suppress bandits, so that the coastal waters of Zhejiang gradually calmed down. In the tenth year of Jiaqing, Ruan Yuan lost his father and left his post. In the 12th year of Jiaqing, Ruan Yuan was appointed Assistant Minister of Ministry of War and Governor of Zhejiang. Ruan Yuan managed Zhejiang twice and accumulated many virtues, among which the achievement of pacifying Haikou was particularly outstanding. When Ruan Yuan suppressed bandits in Ningbo, the court asked Liu, a Zhejiang Jinshi, to be the Zhejiang supervisor after having obtained the provincial examination (the "supervisor" was responsible for the supervision work after having obtained the provincial examination, and was generally the chief officer). A series of fraud incidents occurred (after obtaining the provincial examination). Ruan Yuan was impeached by the remonstrating officer and sent envoys to investigate and interrogate, and the case was confirmed. The emperor reprimanded Ruan Yuan for his selfishness and deprived Ruan Yuan of his post. Qianlong ordered people to compile Huang Qing Wenying and Jiaqing ordered people to compile Continued Huang Qing Wenying, hence the name) to participate in related work. He was promoted several times, served as a bachelor of cabinet, (and) transferred to the Ministry of Industry as assistant minister, and (later) transferred to Beijing as governor of grain transportation. In the twenty-second year of Jiaqing, he was transferred to the governor of Huguang. The year before last (when he was governor of Huguang), the British envoy who came to pay tribute arrived in Beijing and went back without completing the etiquette, so (the British) gradually became puffed up. Ruan Yuan (after his arrival) expanded Dahuangjiao and Dahushan Fort, and sent troops to guard them respectively. He has repeatedly said that he should guard against the disasters brought by foreigners in advance. The main content is: "English relies on its strong national strength, is unruly, and is naturally greedy for benefits." They should be bound by power, not completely appeased by kindness. Their ships are powerful and their cannons are powerful. In terms of operational skills, they are good at naval warfare rather than land warfare. According to the regulations, foreign cargo ships are not allowed to enter the inland sea without permission. If we violate the conventional prohibition, we should improvise and punish them appropriately. Countries will also know that they have violated China's ban, instead of China rashly provoking trouble. " Until the end of Ruan Yuan's term, foreign warships were afraid to come. In the sixth year of Daoguang, Ruan Yuan was transferred to the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou. Yunnan's salt policy has been declining for a long time, with a deficit of hundreds of thousands of salt taxes every year. Ruan Yuan impeached and removed corrupt officials, and made every effort to eliminate loopholes and smuggling in salt policy. The government comes forward to adjust and supplement the output of salt wells. After one year, the tax revenue will be allocated as border defense expenses as appropriate. The natives outside Tengyue border often enter the mainland to rob and plunder, while there are Lisu border people in Baoshan and other places. They make a living by reclaiming barren hills and hunting, and the government can use them. So they recruited 300 Lisu border people to concentrate on land reclamation and farming, so as to resist the harassment of foreigners, and used the extra salt tax as the fund for this work, which increased year by year. The natives abroad are afraid of this kind of power, and gradually there are people who come to surrender and join. Ruan Yuan died in the twenty-ninth year of Daoguang at the age of eighty-six. The emperor gave him high praise and generous pension, and posthumous title Wenda.

3. Classical Chinese translation of the original text:

Between Shunzhi and Feng Teng, there are ten people and seven thieves, and officials dare not catch them. After being caressed, the city slaughtered it as a "thief." Where the value and the good people fight, the meaning of the song is left, and the cover is afraid of the opposite. After the lawsuit, people who need to pretend to be thieves, every two creations are old, straightforward and difficult to distinguish, but first, the authenticity of thieves is repeatedly bitter, and it is annoying to have a criminal record. There are many foxes in the official department, and there are women who are slaughtered and confused. Hire a warlock, catch the operator in a bottle and burn it. The fox shouted in the bottle, "I am a thief!" " "All the audience laughed.

Translation:

During the reign of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, seven out of ten people in Tengze and Zeze counties in Shandong Province were bandits, and the government did not dare to catch them. Later, when they were appeased, the county magistrate called them thieves. Whenever thieves have disputes with ordinary people, the government will take the side of thieves for fear that they will rebel again. People who went to court later always said they were thieves. Each time, the two sides pretended to be thieves and spoke in detail. Even in court, they did not argue the merits for the time being, but first refuted each other with the authenticity of the thief, making it difficult for officials to verify. It happened that there was a fox in the county government in summer, and a daughter of the county magistrate got sick under the influence of the fox. The county magistrate invited a warlock who was good at practicing. The warlock caught the fox with a bottle with Taoist symbols and prepared to burn the fox. Then the fox shouted in the bottle, "I am a thief!" " "No one doesn't laugh when they hear this.

1. Beggars are afraid of their rebellion. this is because ...

2. Lawyers should pretend to be thieves after litigation. All the time.

There are many foxes in the official department. Happened to meet.

The plaintiff tried to attack his lies. Try hard.

5. What is the key sentence that organically combines the fox incident with burglary? Please find out.

The fox shouted in the bottle, "I am a thief!" " "

Theft has not been translated into classical Chinese.

Qin defeated Changping (1) and trapped 400,000 people (2), so he surrounded Handan with soldiers (3). If the vassals dare not go up, Handan will die. Ping Yuanjun sat helplessly at home, worried. He watched the officials of the court and asked, "What's the unfinished business of the Prime Minister?" Before the official reached the seventh place, Xinyuan Yan had sat down and answered, "It was only a fire outside the city."

Theft Failure Notes:

① Changping: Northwest of Gaoping County, Shanxi Province. ② Pit: buried alive. Handan: the capital of Zhao. 4 Wall: Chen Bing camp, sit and watch the success or failure of both sides. City wall, the defense facilities around the ancient military camp. ⑤ Vertical: near. Death: Death means depravity. ⑥: Zhao Sheng, the Prime Minister of Zhao, one of the four sons of the Warring States and the younger brother of Huiwen. C: Look back. ⑦ Yes: Answer. 8 Xin Yuanyan: Xin Yuanyan, Xin Yuan is a compound surname, and Yan is a first name. During the Warring States Period, he was a general of Wei State. 9 fire: the same as "just". Two: the usage is the same as "ear", which can be translated into "le" and "JIU".

Translation of "Theft Failure"

Qin defeated Zhao in Changping, buried 400,000 prisoners alive, and led the army to surround Handan. The reinforcements sent by the governors are all watching the success or failure of the Chen Bing camp. They dare not come forward to help, and Handan will fall. Ping Yuanjun has no way to deal with it. Sitting around at home, he looked back at the officials of the Xiang government and asked, "Is there anything unfinished in the Xiang government?" Before the official could answer, Xin had arrived and replied, "It's just that there are a group of thieves outside the city and they haven't been caught yet."

"I didn't get it" is selected from "Miscellanies of Sad Son". Miscellaneous Tales of a Sad Son is a collection of fables with 39 stories. Ai Zi is a funny and clever character invented by the author, which runs through the story. The old title of this book was written by Su Shi in Song Dynasty. This paper describes the image of a group of faint and mediocre officials, who try their best to please and whitewash the peace, have no opinion on major issues, but speak first on minor issues, which is an ugly state of flattery.

5. The translation of Bu Classical Chinese is Bu and Zi, from Luoyang.

His father, Bu Shichang, served as Kong Guo Guan in the Jin Dynasty. When Mongolia's Xianzong conquered the south, Bu Shichang led the masses to join in, appointed officials as the town magistrate, and led 2,000 civilian groups to be promoted to a real road rule of 1,000 people.

In the sixth year of Xianzong, 2,000 registered households in the north of the Yellow River moved to the south of the Yellow River, and Bu Shichang was in charge, so they settled in the capital of song dynasty. But Zhang Tian was smart since he was a child. When he grew up, he was upright and conceited. He studies the history of reading and knows that success or failure is average.

The first year became the official history of Henan Province. At that time, tens of thousands of hungry people gathered by the Yellow River, ready to migrate to the south. The emperor ordered the people to resume their old posts and not to cross the south. Everyone is noisy and refuses to go home. Worried about accidents, Bu suggested that the manager Zhang let these people cross the river. Zhang accepted his suggestion and didn't get into trouble.

Cheng Silian, the deputy envoy of Henan Province, discovered the virtue of Bu, making it a constitutional history and gaining great fame. Later, he served as a censor. An inspector relied on his power to accept bribes, and the inspector exposed his bribes.

At that time, Bu Zhang Tian was in charge of literary reading, but before he could play it, he was vilified. He and Yushi were both detained in the Imperial Palace, and Yushi was very sad. Bu Tiantan asked him why, and suggested: "I am old and have only one daughter, and I feel sorry for myself;" She heard that I was detained and didn't eat for several days, and I was sad. " Zhang Tian said, "It's only natural to die a fair death. Why are you crying for your child? " I was ashamed of my advice, thanks, and I was pardoned soon.

The Prime Minister of Shunde took charge of the National Government, promoted Bu to the rank of middle official, and tried his best to distinguish between politics and politics. Other prime ministers were very angry and ignored Bu's words, but Shunde workers listened to Bu's advice and said, "What am I worried about if you can do this?" Dade served as director of the Ministry of Industry for four years. There was a Liu Shuai in Yuzhou who seized other people's property by force, and officials were afraid to deal with it. In the book, cloth to make a decision, Liu Shuai concessions, reclamation.

In the fifth year of Dade, due to the recommendation of Tang Dynasty minister Amber, he was granted everything, and he was taken to the palace to introduce the emperor, and he was given a brocade, saddle, bow and knife. Later, due to Taigong's work, he was promoted to a training doctor and got two sets of banquet clothes.

When his term expires, someone should replace him. The Privy Council minister asked to remain in office, and the replacement was specially appointed as an additional post. Since Wu Zongshi, he was promoted to * * *, and after the establishment of Shangshu Province, he was promoted to a doctor of punishments.

At that time, there were many thieves. It is suggested that criminals and their families should wear blue clothes and hats to distinguish them from good people. Bu Zhang Tian said, "Criminals in brown clothes blocked the road, which was a drawback of the Qin Dynasty. How can you follow the trend! " The Prime Minister came to his senses and stopped this practice.

It was reported that some of the waiting workers were planning evil, and the emperor ordered Bu Zhang Tian to try to solve it, for which he was rewarded handsomely. After the minister of Shangshu Province was convicted, Yuan Renzong called the officials of the Ministry to see him. At that time, the Queen Mother Sheng Xing was also present. Renzong pointed to him and said to the Queen Mother: "This is the Bu Zhangtian who is neither greedy nor bribed."

The queen mother asked him what his current official position was, and Bu Zhangtian replied, "I am a doctor of punishments." Asked who recommended him, he replied, "I have no talent, but I was wrongly promoted and appointed by the emperor."

Renzong said: "The first dynasty appointed Xie Zhonghe as a minister and Ai Qing as a doctor, both of which were personally recommended by me. You should be loyal to your duties and not slack off! " Immediately handed him the seal of the book in punishments.

As soon as he took office, he entered the official audience, and the emperor gave wine and three sets of jinyi in Longfuguan. After receiving the order to deal with the rebellion case, Renzong looked at the ministers and said, "Bu Zhang Tian is an honest man, and he will definitely get the truth."

But Zhang Tian didn't appear unjust imprisonment because of his own will. In the early Qing Dynasty, Bu Zhang Tian was appointed as the magistrate of the German government, encouraging farming and discouraging learning. Repairing the river will prevent the river from flooding.

At that time, thieves gathered and occupied the main road, and business travel was blocked. But Zhang Tian caught hundreds of thieves, all the thieves were punished, and the thieves were calmed down. He was promoted to be the deputy envoy of Lian Fang, Zhejiang Province, and took office for several months. Because of the change of land system, he was appointed as the general manager of Raozhou Road. After Zhang Tian came to power, he let the people report the land, but the administration did not disturb the people. People are very happy, this land is quiet and awesome.

At that time, the ministers in the province were responsible for changing the farmland system, and they used their power for happiness. State and county officials rushed to bribe them, hoping to avoid being condemned. Only Raozhou Road was not issued, and the minister of Zhongshu Province hated it. He wanted to slander Zhang Tian with strict law, but he traced his crime and found nothing. When the county reported famine, BuZhang Tian immediately distributed official relief food. The aides all thought it was impossible. Bu Zhang Tian said, "People are very hungry. If they ask for relief from above, the people will surely starve to death.

If there are undeclared responsibilities in advance, I will bear them alone and won't involve you. "Finally, the government provides food and relief, so people have to avoid hunger.

That's what he does when things go wrong. When the fire reached the east gate of Raozhou, the cloth was dressed to worship the fire and the fire was put out.

There was a fierce tiger in the famous mountain. Bu sent a message to the mountain god, and soon the tiger was caught. He was known to the imperial court for his political achievements and actions, and was promoted to be a cheap visiting ambassador in Guangdong.

Previously, dignitaries built dikes at the seaside to monopolize merchant ships for profit, but many former chiefs ignored them because they accepted bribes; Cloth Zhang Tian arrived, battalions, decided to go to the dam. There has been no ice in Lingnan area. When Zhang Tian arrived, there began to be ice. People say this is due to the good management of Zhang Tian.

Soon, he asked for retirement. In the second year of Tian Li, there was a rebellion in Shu, and the Jingchu area was greatly shaken.

Chao Xuan also worshipped Bu as an inexpensive guest ambassador in Shannan. People think he is too old to work.

Zhang Tian said: "The country is in danger. Although I am 80 years old, I am often afraid that I can't die a fair death. How dare I escape from difficulties! " So he went to his post. After he took office, he was weather-beaten in rectification, serious in official management, and revered stability in counties and counties.

At that time, the price soared, and the cloth ordered that the price should not be lowered, allowing the people to buy and sell freely, attracting merchants' cars and boats to come to collect and transport, and the price of rice soon dropped. He also left the money collected from the imperial examination platform, and no longer transported it to the imperial examination platform to help the hungry. After the imperial examination arrived, people gathered on the road were praising him.

When the court issued a letter to the Taoist priest, asking them to discuss the gains and losses of policies at that time, Bu therefore listed 20 things and put them into full play, with more than 10,000 words, and listed an item called "Zhongxing Economic Governance Policy", all of which were to the point, and then resigned and went home. After returning to the capital of song dynasty, he gave the rest of his salary.

6. Dong Xingcheng's translation of ancient Chinese.

Dong Hangcheng, Hanoi County, Tang Huaizhou can be a thief. A man stole a pedestrian donkey from Heyang Changdian and put it in a leather bag, hoping to see Huaizhou in the morning. See it in the street and say, "A thief is coming!" " Get off the donkey and lie down. People asked why they knew, and they said, "The donkey was anxious and sweaty, but it didn't last long." Seeing people lead donkeys far away is also timid. It can be seen from this. "Captured, sent to the county, for a while, the donkey owner has arrived.

translate

In the Tang Dynasty, in Hanoi County, Huaizhou, there was a man named Dong Hangcheng who could tell at a glance whether the other party was a thief or not.

A thief stole a donkey and a purse from passers-by in Heyang Changdian. He arrived in Huaizhou at dawn and happened to meet Dong Hangcheng.

When Dong Hangcheng saw it, he shouted, "Stop, you thief!"

The man immediately got off the donkey and confessed.

Afterwards, someone asked Dong Xingcheng how he could tell that the man was a thief. Dong Xingcheng said: "This donkey is sweating because of the long journey. This person will lead the donkey everywhere when he meets passers-by. This must be because he has a guilty conscience, so I conclude that he must be a thief. "

Soon after the donkey thief was sent to the county government, the donkey owner followed.