217 Silk Road Tourism Year China Silk Road Tourism Route

From the 2nd century BC to the 16th century AD, the Silk Road was the main traffic artery between ancient Asia and Europe, with silk as the bulk trade for long-distance trade and cultural exchanges. This is the road of integration, exchange and dialogue between eastern and western civilizations and cultures. This will go from Chang 'an/Luoyang, China, to the Mediterranean region via Central Asia in the west and to the South Asian subcontinent in the south. It is distributed in an area spanning Eurasia, which is about 1, kilometers long from east to west and about 3, kilometers wide from north to south. It is the intercontinental cultural route with the richest communication content and the largest traffic scale in human history. How does the Silk Road go? The Silk Road passes through more than 4 countries and more than 1 cities, including China, Afghan, Uzbekistan, Indian, Pakistani, Turkish, Romanian and Dutch. There were many routes on the Silk Road in history, and with the changes of the times, the routes also changed. Route of the eastern section of the Silk Road: From Chang to An, the main line passes through Binxian, Tianshui, Lanzhou and Xining, connecting Wuwei, Zhangye and Dunhuang in Hexi Corridor; Xining-Ruoqiang branch line. The middle route of the Silk Road: starting from Dunhuang, along the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain, passing through Jimsar to Yining, it is divided into the northern line; Along the southern foot of Tianshan Mountain, the middle line from Turpan and Kuqa to Kashgar; Along the northern foot of Kunlun Mountain, it passes through Ruoqiang and Hotan to the southern line of Kashgar. The route of the western section of the Silk Road: it is divided into the middle line from Kashgar to Rome via Fergana, Samarkand, Bukhara, Tehran and Istanbul; The southern line from Kashgar to Alexandria via Balkh, Herat, Isfahan, Baghdad and Damascus;

Comparison table of historical place names of important nodes of the Silk Road

Introduction to the important node city of Xi 'an Silk Road An: It is called Chang 'an in ancient times. Historically, thirteen dynasties, including the Western Han Dynasty, Xin Mang, the Eastern Han Dynasty (Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty), the Western Jin Dynasty (Emperor Yin of Jin Dynasty), the former Qin Dynasty, the later Qin Dynasty, the Western Wei Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty and the Sui and Tang Dynasties, established their capitals here. The Han and Tang Dynasties were the political, economic and cultural centers of the dynasty, a famous international metropolis and the starting point of the Silk Road. The Ming dynasty changed its name to the present. Existing sites include Chang Weiyang Palace site, Chang 'an City of Han Dynasty, Tomb of Zhang Qian, Daming Palace site in Chang Tang Cheng, Big Wild Goose Pagoda, Little Wild Goose Pagoda, Xingjiao Temple Pagoda and other important sites on the Silk Road. Tianshui: Shanggui County is in the Western Han Dynasty. Sui is the seat of Tianshui County. The Tang Dynasty was managed by Qin Zhou, and there was no change in the later period. Zhou Qin was renamed today in 1913. It is an important town in the eastern section of the Silk Road. There are Maijishan Grottoes excavated since the late Qin Dynasty. Lanzhou: Jincheng County was in the Han Dynasty, and Lanzhou was ruled by the Tang, Song and Yuan Dynasties. The Qing dynasty was under the jurisdiction of Gansu province, and it was renamed today, which has been used ever since. Today, it is the capital of Gansu Province and an important town in the middle line of the eastern section of the Silk Road. 13 kilometers southwest, there is Bingling Temple Grottoes, which were dug in the late Qin Dynasty. Wuwei: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took the land of Hexi and set it in Wuwei County. Later dynasties were all Liangzhou or Xiliangzhou (government) yamen, called Wuwei. In the Republic of China, the county was abolished. It is an important town in Hexi Corridor, the main line of the eastern section of the Silk Road. Xining: From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, it was ruled by xiping county. Tangshan town In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was also called Qing Tang Cheng, and later changed to Xining Prefecture. Qing Dynasty changed the state into a county, and now it is the capital of Qinghai Province. The eastern branch of the Silk Road, the important town of Qinghai Road and Tang-Fan Ancient Road. Zhang Ye: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took over the land of Hexi, which was managed by setting up Zhangye County. The Western Jin Dynasty was renamed Yongping. Ganzhou is the seat of Ganzhou after all previous dynasties, hence the name today. For

2. The name of the Silk Road tourist route

Judging from the route of the Silk Road, there were two Silk Roads starting from Dunhuang in the Han Dynasty: one was from the southwest, and at the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Yumenguan in Dunhuang went north, passing through Yiwu (now Hami) and Gaochangbi (now Turpan Basin) to Yuli, all the way west. By the Tang Dynasty, the Silk Road had undergone two changes: first, along the northern foot of Tianshan Mountain where Central Asians lived, a road from Yiwu to Prehai (now Barkun) was opened to the west; The other is the abandoned Yumen Pass, the passage between Loulan and Yuli.

This change made the starting point of the Silk Road in Shazhou (called Shazhou in Dunhuang in Tang Dynasty), and the Yumenguan and Hechang cities in the northwest of Shazhou declined. However, the relationship and reasons between the abandonment of roads and the decline of Hecang City need further discussion. The solution of this problem is bound to be related to the large-scale environmental changes in northwest China.

Guloulan, located not far from the northwest coast of Lop Nur, was once an important node of the Silk Road. But in the Han Dynasty, Loulan was connected to Dunhuang in the east and Shule in the west, which was an important connection point on the Silk Road. Influenced by the Huns in the Western Han Dynasty, Gu Lou often attacked and robbed Chinese envoys and damaged traffic, so he was defeated by the Han soldiers and moved his capital to today's Ruoqiang. The northwest bank of former Lop Nur was the land where Han officials settled in fields. By the Sui and Tang Dynasties, great changes had taken place in this area.

3. Design background of Silk Road tourist routes

Dunhuang is an important town on the Silk Road. At that time, because of the Silk Road, the route of Buddhism spread, the accumulation of Dunhuang wealth and the excavation of Dunhuang grottoes, there were grotto murals and such splendid Dunhuang culture.

In the distant Middle Ages, our ancestors traveled from west to east along the overland Silk Road. In the Middle Ages when traffic was blocked, Buddhism had a wide influence on the hearts of all ethnic groups in Asia. Believers of all ethnic groups accepted Buddhist teachings according to their needs, national temperament, customs and social conditions at that time, and shaped their own images with their own aesthetic and artistic skills. Therefore, the splendid and spectacular Dunhuang Grottoes art formed through exchanges between China and foreign countries is not only a unique treasure of the Chinese nation, but also the crystallization of cultural exchanges with people of other countries. It is a pearl in the treasure house of world culture, loved by the people of China and admired by the people of the world.

4. China Silk Road tourist route map

this; The Silk Road connects Xi 'an (Guchang 'an), an oasis city in Central Asia, as its starting point. There are three roads in China on the way. They are:

1. Tianshan North Road: Xi 'an-Dunhuang-Hami-Urumqi-Ili-Soviet Union (Russia)-Rome.

2. Xiyu North Road: Xi 'an-Dunhuang-Hami-Turpan-Yanqi-Korla-Kuqa-Aksu-Kashgar-Pamir-Central Asia.

3. West South Road: Xi 'an-Loulan-Qiemo-Niya-Hotan-Kashgar-Pamir-Central Asia-West Asia.

There are many historical and cultural sites along the Silk Road in China. There are: Terracotta Warriors and Horses of the First Qin Dynasty, famen Temple, Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, Maijishan Grottoes, Jiayuguan Great Wall Site, beacon tower site of Han Dynasty, Ta 'er Temple, famous Tibetan Buddhist temple, and ancient city site of Gaochang, an important town on the Silk Road.

In addition, Bird Island in Qinghai Lake, Swan Nature Reserve in Bayinbuluke Grassland, Tianchi deep in Tianshan Mountain, Qinghai Salt Lake, Ya Dan landform in Lop Nur, Flame Mountain in Turpan and Ghost Town in Karamay all add infinite charm to the Silk Road.

finally, the area covered by the silk road in China spans Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang and other China provinces. Many ethnic minorities live here. They are hospitable and can sing and dance well. In areas where ethnic minorities gather, tourists can experience local ethnic life, enjoy ethnic songs and dances, attend weddings and festivals of local residents, and buy exquisite ethnic handicrafts.

5. Silk Road Tourist Route Map

The Maritime Silk Road (Ceramic Road) was an ancient maritime passage for transportation, trade and cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries. It is mainly centered on the South China Sea, starting from Quanzhou and Guangzhou, so it is also called the South China Sea Silk Road. The Maritime Silk Road was formed in the Qin and Han Dynasties, developed in the Three Kingdoms and Sui Dynasties, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and changed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This is the oldest known sea route. The Silk Road on Land, or Silk Road for short. It refers to the land passage Xiahou _ to the Western Regions opened by Zhang Qian in the Western Han Dynasty (22-8 years ago), which started from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) and Luoyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, passed through Gansu and Xinjiang, and connected with the Mediterranean countries (this road is also called the Northwest Silk Road to distinguish the other two named Silk Roads).

because silk products have the greatest influence on the goods transported to the west by this road, the main differences of this name are as follows: firstly, the reasons for prosperity are different, the former is porcelain and the latter is silk; The countries contacted are not the same. The former is the coastal countries of East Asia, South Asia and the West. The latter are mainly countries in Central Asia, West Asia and Europe; Also, the starting point is different, the former is the south China coast; The latter is mainly in the Central Plains and Guanzhong area.

From 21 to 21, the route of the Silk Road was to take a boat from Guangzhou to the strait of Manzka (now Malacca). To Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), India and East Africa.

The starting points of the Maritime Silk Road are mainly Guangzhou and Quanzhou. In the pre-Qin period, Lingnan ancestors opened a trade circle with ceramics as a link in the South China Sea and even the South Pacific coast and its islands. In the Tang Dynasty, the earliest name of China, Guangzhou Tonghai Road, was that it was the longest maritime Silk Road in the world at that time.

6. What are the tourist routes of China Silk Road?

The Silk Road is divided into desert Silk Road and maritime Silk Road. The Silk Road is divided into three sections: East, Middle and West. The eastern section is from Chang 'an to Dunhuang, the middle section is from Dunhuang to Congling or Biluo Temple, and the western section is from Congling to Rome. There are three main sea routes: 1. The oriental route runs from the coastal ports of China to South Korea and Japan. 2. The Nanyang route runs from the coastal ports of China to Southeast Asian countries. 3. The western line runs from the coastal ports of China to the coasts of South Asia, Arabia and East Africa.

the oasis silk road is the main road of the northern silk road, with a total length of more than 7, kilometers, which is divided into three sections: east, middle and west. Chang 'an, with Dunhuang in the east and three lines in the west:

1. The northern line runs from Chang 'an, along Weihe River to Guo County (now Baoji), across Longxian County (now Longxian County), across Liupanshan Guyuan and Haiyuan, along Zuli River and across Yellow River to Jingyuan (now Wuwei). It is an early route with short distance and poor supply conditions along the way.

2. The southern line runs from Chang 'an to Longguan, Shangcun (now S Water), Didao (now Lintao) and Han Jian (now Linxia) along the Weihe River, from Yongjing to the Yellow River, passing through Xining, and passing through the larger Ba Dou Valley (now Biadukou) to Zhangye.

3. the middle line and the south line are divided into village road, Lushan mountain, Jincheng county (now Lanzhou), Yellow River, Zhuanglang River and Wushaoling to Guzhang. Although the southern line has good supply conditions, it takes a long time to bypass, so the central line later became the main line.

after the north-south third line meets, Zhangye passes through Jiuquan and Guazhou to Dunhuang.

Middle section: Dunhuang to Congling (now Pamirs) or Juros (now Zambur, Kazakhstan).

From Yumenguan and Yangguan, there are two exits in the Western Region: from Shanshan, to the north of Nanshan, to the west of Bohe, to shache, to the south, to the west, through Jungle Pass, and to Da Yue. May his family rest in peace. From Cheshi Xiahou _ former Wang Ting (now Turpan), it is the North Road along Beishan and Bohe to Shule (now Kashgar). To the west of this road are Dawan, Kangju and An Cai (between the Black Sea and Aral Sea). There are two important forks in the north road: one is from Yanqi to the southwest, crossing the Taklimakan desert to Yutian in the south road; First, start from Kucha (today's Kuqa) and go west through Gu Mo (Aksu), Wensu (Wushi) and the western section of Pambada: Congling (or Pelosi) to Rome. The western section of the Silk Road covers a wide range, including Central Asia, South Asia, West Asia and Europe. In history, there are many countries and complicated ethnic relations, so the route often changes, which can be roughly divided into three routes: south, middle and north:

1. The south road runs from Congling in the Kush Mountains of Gengxing to Kabul, Afghanistan, and then divides into two roads. One goes west to Herat, joins the middle road from Cheng Lang, then goes west through Baghdad and Damascus, reaches Sidon or Beirut on the east coast of the Mediterranean, and then goes to Rome by sea. The other line goes south from Peshawar to South Asia.

2. The Middle Road (Hanbei Road) extends from Yuecong Mountain to Shi Lang in the northwest, with one crossing Nandao Road and the other passing through Teheran and Nandao Road.

3. Beixin Road is also divided into two roads, all the way westbound. After reaching Khan (now Fergana), Kang (now Samarkand) and An (now Bukhara), it goes to Mulu and Zhongdao. Once in eros, we traveled northwest along the Sil River, bypassing the Aral Sea and the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, reaching Tana on the east coast of the Azov Sea, turning to Kerch by waterway, and reaching Constantinople (now Istanbul).

The Maritime Silk Road started in Qin and Han Dynasties, flourished in Sui and Tang Dynasties, flourished in Song and Yuan Dynasties, reached its peak in the early Ming Dynasty, and declined in the middle of the Ming Dynasty due to the maritime ban. The important starting points of the Maritime Silk Road are Quanzhou, Panyu (now Guangzhou), Mingzhou (now Ningbo), Yangzhou, Dengzhou (now Penglai) and Liujiagang. There may be two or more starting points of the Maritime Silk Road in the same dynasty. The biggest ports are Guangzhou and Quanzhou. From Qin and Han Dynasties to Tang and Song Dynasties, Guangzhou was the largest commercial port in China. Guangzhou became the only port open to the outside world in China after the maritime ban in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Quanzhou originated in the Tang Dynasty and became the largest port in the East during the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

The Silk Road of past dynasties can also be divided into three major routes:

1. The Oriental route runs from the coastal ports of China to South Korea and Japan.

2. The Nanyang route runs from the coastal port of China to Southeast Asian countries.

3. The western line runs from the coastal ports of China to the coastal countries of South Asia, Arabia and East Africa.

7. Features of the Silk Road tourist routes

The Silk Road passes through more than 4 countries and more than 1 cities, including China, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Iran, Iraq, India, Pakistan, Turkey, Romania, the Netherlands, Italy and Greece. The Silk Road starts from Chang Dong 'an, passes through Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai and Xinjiang, crosses the Green Ridge, passes through the CIS, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq and Syria in Central Asia, and reaches the east coast of the Mediterranean Sea, with a total length of more than 7, kilometers. The total length of the Silk Road in China is over 4, kilometers, which is about half of the total length of the Silk Road.

The Silk Road originated from the land passage opened by Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty when he sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions. It started from Chang 'an, the capital, passed through Gansu and Xinjiang, and reached Central Asia and West Asia, connecting Mediterranean countries. The starting point of the Silk Road in the Eastern Han Dynasty was Luoyang. Its original function was to transport silk produced in ancient China.

From the 2nd century BC to the 16th century A.D., the Silk Road was the main traffic artery between ancient Asia and Europe, with silk as the bulk trade and long-distance trade and cultural exchange. This is the road of integration, exchange and dialogue between eastern and western civilizations and cultures. This will go from Chang 'an/Luoyang, China, to the Mediterranean region via Central Asia in the west and to the South Asian subcontinent in the south. It is distributed in an area spanning Eurasia, which is about 1, kilometers long from east to west and about 3, kilometers wide from north to south. It is the intercontinental cultural route with the richest communication content and the largest traffic scale in human history.

8. Brief introduction of the Silk Road tourist routes

According to the picture below, the Silk Road, referred to as Silk Road for short, generally refers to the land Silk Road, which can be roughly divided into the land Silk Road and the maritime Silk Road.

The Silk Road originated in the Western Han Dynasty (22-8 years ago). Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty sent Zhang Qian to the Western Regions, which opened up a route from Chang 'an (now Xi 'an) to Central Asia and West Asia, connecting Mediterranean countries. Its original function was to transport silk produced in ancient China. In 1877, German geological geographer Richthofen named this "Grand Canyon" the Silk Road in his book "China", which was the traffic artery between China and Central Asia, China and India from 114 BC to 127 AD. This term was quickly accepted by academia and the public and put into formal use. The Maritime Silk Road was a maritime passage for transportation, trade and cultural exchanges between ancient China and foreign countries. It is mainly centered on the South China Sea, so it is also called the South China Sea Silk Road. The Maritime Silk Road was formed in the Qin and Han Dynasties, developed from the Three Kingdoms to the Sui Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties and changed in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This is the oldest known sea route.

9. China Silk Road tourist route map HD

China Maritime Silk Road has two routes: East China Sea route and South China Sea route.