History of overseas Chinese in Zhangzhou

1. How big is Zhangzhou? Zhangzhou has a long history. Before Tang Wuhou's listing workshop (685-688), there was no organizational system in this place. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Puhuang Pass was set up only in Pantuoling, a Fujian-Guangdong passage. Sui 'an County was built under Liangshan in the early Jin Dynasty. Jian 'an (502-5 19) established Shuilan County in Jincheng (now Jincheng); In the sixth year of Liang Datong (AD 504), Longxi County was established along the Jiulong River. In the twelfth year of Emperor Kai of Sui Dynasty (AD 592), Sui 'an entered Longxi County.

During the period of General Tang Gaozong (668-760), ethnic minorities in Fujian and Guangdong often joined forces against the Tang Dynasty. In Yifeng period (676-679), Emperor Gaozong ordered General Zuo Lang to defend Yuling and return to Germany. Zheng Chen led more than 2,000 soldiers into Fujian, led Lingnan to March and fought for the first world war. After Zheng Chen's death, his son Chen Yuanguang inherited his father's footsteps, led his men, settled in the border of Fujian and Guangdong, and reclaimed land north of Zhangshui in Yunxiao County. In the second year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 686), Chen Yuanguang was authorized to establish a state between Quanzhou and Chaozhou. The state originally belonged to Xilin, Yunxiao County. Because there is a water called "Zhangjiang" next to it, it is called "Zhangzhou". At the same time, Zhangpu County was established in Sui 'an hometown. In the fourth year of Kaiyuan (AD 7 16), Zhangzhou moved to Li 'aochuan (now Zhangpu County), and in the second year of Zhenyuan (AD 786), it moved to Longxi (now xiangcheng district, Zhangzhou) and was renamed Zhangzhou County. It was renamed Zhangzhou Road in the Yuan Dynasty and Zhangzhou Prefecture in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the early Republic of China, it was also Tingchanglong Road; 1934 was changed to the fifth administrative region of Fujian province; 1949 After the establishment of People's Republic of China (PRC), it was changed to the sixth administrative region of Fujian Province, also known as Longxi area; 1969 changed to Longxi area. 1July, 1985, the administrative system of "changing the land to the city, and the city governing the county" was implemented. The original Longxi area was changed to Zhangzhou City, with postal code of 363000 and telephone area code of 0596.

After Zhangzhou was founded, its evolution was changeable and its counties were different. During the crossbow in the Tang Dynasty, part of Longxi County under the jurisdiction of Quanzhou was placed under Zhangzhou, and Zhangpu and Yongli counties were separated. In the 29th year of Kaiyuan (AD 74 1), Wynn County was abolished and Clonebrook County belonged to it. During the period of Song Gande (963-968), in addition to Longxi and Zhangpu, there were four counties: Longyan, Changtai and * * *; Nansheng County was added in Yuan Dynasty (later changed to Nanjing County); Zhangping County was added in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty (1465- 1487); Pinghe County was divided in the 12th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 15 17). In the ninth year of Jiajing (A.D. 1734), Longyan was promoted to Zhili Prefecture, with two counties under its jurisdiction, Zhangping and Ningyang, and seven counties in Zhangzhou Prefecture were retained. After the Republic of China, Yunxiao County was separated from Zhangpu, Dongshan County from Zhangpu and Zhaoan, and Huaan County from Longxi County. At this time, the jurisdiction increased to ten counties. 1 951June1day, Zhangzhou city, where the administrative office is located, was established; /kloc-in the spring of 0/960, Longxi County and Haicheng County were merged into Longhai City; From June 65438 to July 0985, the original Longxi area was changed to Zhangzhou City, and the original Zhangzhou City was changed to xiangcheng district.

Zhangzhou City is located in the southeast of Fujian Province, between east longitude 1 17- 16 and north latitude 23.8-25. It is bordered by Taiwan Province Strait in the east, across the sea from Xiamen, Quanzhou in the northeast, Longyan in the northwest and Shantou in Guangdong in the southwest. The city has a total area of 1.26 million square kilometers and a total population of 4.5 million. Most of them are Han nationality, but there are also 2 1 ethnic minorities such as She nationality and Gaoshan nationality. Zhangzhou is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese and the ancestral home of Taiwan Province Province. There are 700,000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao living abroad, and13 of Taiwan's population originated from Zhangzhou, which is the home of overseas Chinese and compatriots seeking their roots and ancestors.

Zhangzhou is mountainous in the northwest and faces the sea in the southeast, which belongs to subtropical monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 2 1℃, the frost-free period is about 330 days, the annual average sunshine is more than 2000 hours, and the annual average rainfall is about 1, 500 mm. Plenty of rainfall, evergreen all the year round.

Zhangzhou is a famous historical and cultural city approved by the State Council. According to research, ancestors lived here as early as 6.5438 million years ago. It is divided into seven places in Fujian, and Qin belongs to the county in the middle of Fujian. In the second year of Tang Dynasty (AD 686), it was founded in Zhangzhou (now). In the second year of Tang Zhenyuan (AD 786), he moved to this site. The Ming Dynasty was once an important port for foreign trade. 1300 years, the evolution is changeable, and the jurisdiction is different. To 1950, People * * The Longxi District Commissioner's Office of Fujian Province was established, 1986, and it was changed to Longxi District. 1June, 985, the cities merged and changed their names to Zhangzhou, and the original organizational system of Zhangzhou was changed to xiangcheng district. 1June, 1993, Longhai withdrew its county to set up a city (county-level city), 19971October, Longhai City and Xiangcheng District each set aside a part of their jurisdiction to set up longwen district. Zhangzhou has jurisdiction over Zhangpu, Xiao Yun, Dongshan, Zhaoan, Pinghe, Nanjing, Hua 'an, Changtai and Longhai, including eight counties, one city and two districts, and xiangcheng district and longwen district.

2. Zhangzhou was founded in () and has a history of (). Zhangzhou was founded in 686 AD with a history of 1325 years. It shows that Zhangzhou is a famous historical and cultural city.

Zhangzhou is located in the southeast of Fujian Province, between north latitude11653 ′-165438+0809 ′ and 23 32 ′-25 ′13 ′, facing Taiwan Province Strait and Xiamen across the sea in the east, Quanzhou in the northeast and Quanzhou in the northwest. The whole city has a land area of10.26 million square kilometers and a sea area of10.86 million square kilometers, and has the largest plain in Fujian Province-Zhangzhou Plain. The city has a total population of 4.526 million, and 22 ethnic groups, including Han, She and Gaoshan, live in Zhangzhou. It governs Longhai City, Xiangcheng District, longwen district, Zhangpu County, Zhao 'an County, Yunxiao County, Dongshan County, Nanjing County, Pinghe County, Changtai County and Hua 'an County, with eight counties, one city and two districts, and 120 townships and streets. Zhangzhou is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese and the ancestral home of Taiwan Province Province. There are 700,000 overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao living abroad, and13 of Taiwan's population originated from Zhangzhou, which is the home of overseas Chinese and compatriots seeking their roots and ancestors.

In 2002, the gross domestic product (GDP) was 53.47 billion yuan, the total agricultural output value was 20.50 billion yuan, the total industrial output value was 59.86 billion yuan, and the tertiary industry structure was 2.24: 3.72: 40.4. The fixed assets investment of the whole society was 65.438+03.57 billion yuan, the total export was 778 million dollars, and the actually utilized foreign capital was 765.438+04 billion dollars. Among them, the local fiscal revenue was 65.438+70.8 million yuan, the total retail sales of social consumer goods was 65.438+77.85 million yuan, the per capita disposable income of urban residents was 8.364 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers was 37.6 1 yuan.

Zhangzhou is rich in plant resources, aquatic resources, mineral resources and hot spring resources.

3. What are the historical and cultural sites in Zhangzhou?

Sanji

Formerly known as Dengshan Mountain. In the northwest of Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. In the 13th year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1380), Zizhi Mountain was called Zizhi Mountain for short. From Tianbaoshan, there are twelve peaks, which are the main peaks in Zhangzhou. Panyu has been famous since the Tang Dynasty, and temples such as Kaiyuan, Zhong Jing and Ji Fa have been built one after another. Because no one cares about it for many years, there are only three pavilions here: Ganlu, Weizhen and Rihua. Ganlu Pavilion was built in the 16th year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1537). Wei Town Pavilion, opposite to Nanwei Town Pavilion in the county, is a famous pavilion in Wei Town. It was built in the Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty, and was rebuilt by Xie Tongzhi in the 19th year of Jiajing. In the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (17 18), Wei Litong was rebuilt and renamed Wanshou Ji 'en Pavilion. Rihua Pavilion, built between Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, was named after the rising sun and Danxi Pavilion.

Yang Wen building

In Zhongshan Park, Zhangzhou, Fujian. Originally the back building of Zhangzhou House since the Tang and Song Dynasties, Wei Litong, the magistrate, was converted into Yangwen House in the forty-ninth year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (17 10). 1932 In April, after * * * led the East Route Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army to conquer Zhangzhou, the Minnan Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Committee was established here, which has certain historical significance for expanding the armed forces of workers and peasants and consolidating the revolutionary base areas in southern Fujian.

tomb of chen yuanguang

In Shigu Mountain, Punan Township, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. Chen Yuanguang (657-7 1 1) was born in Gushi, Gwangju, Henan. Father Zheng Chen died in the frontier under the jurisdiction of Xiao Yun (now Sui 'an County). Chen Yuanguang's stepfather quelled the rebellion in Sui 'an. In the second year of the Tang Dynasty (AD 686), Shang Chen established Zhangzhou County in "Please Build a List of Counties and Counties", which was the first secretariat. When he was in office, he practiced the rule of law, reclaimed land and built water conservancy projects, which made Zhangzhou increasingly prosperous. In November of the second year of Tang Jingyun (7 1 1), Chen died in battle and was buried in the Dazhiyuan of Sui 'an. In the second year of Zhenyuan (786), he moved to this place. The title of the tombstone is "General Zhangchen Cemetery in Tang Kai". The original stone archway in front of the tomb has been destroyed. There are a pair of stone sheep, Shi Hu and Huabiao columns, and the five adjacent stone heads are engraved with the Tomb Repair written by Cai Shiyuan, assistant minister of Zhangpu in the fifty-seventh year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (17 18).

Nanshan Temple

In the southern suburbs of Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. It is a famous Buddhist temple in southern Fujian. Founded in the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty, it was rebuilt in successive dynasties, and the existing building was rebuilt in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. The temple is spacious and magnificent, including the Heavenly King Hall, the Ursa Major Hall and the Confucian Classrooms. There are three Buddha statues in the Hall of the Great Hero, and a big bronze bell is hung on the right side of the Hall, which was cast in Bai Yan period of Yuan Dynasty, with a diameter of1.65,438+05m, a height of 1.84m and a weight of1.300kg.. The Tibetan Scripture Hall was built on the right slope, and it contains three Tibetan Scriptures, Huayan Scriptures and other precious cultural relics. There is a jade Buddha in the temple niche, carved with pure white marble. There is Ye Jing Hall next to the left corridor of the temple. In the hall, there is a Tomi Buddha statue carved from a natural boulder, which is 5 meters high and is a large statue in the Tang Dynasty. 1930- 193 1, when Tao Zhu was the secretary of the Minnan Special Committee, he led the Minnan Revolutionary Movement here. After liberation, Tao Zhu returned to Zhangzhou and once wrote a poem: "The scale of Nanshan Ancient Temple is still there, and the smiling faces are still full of branches, and the temples are full of emotions. The mountains and rivers are beautiful, so old people are rare. "

Jiajisi monument

In Laojiaji Temple, Qingnian Road, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. In the forty-six years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (16 18), Qian Lin, a county resident, wrote an article and Mina Lee, a city resident, wrote a book. The stone tablet is 127 cm wide and 148.5 cm high, with Chinese characters on it and exquisite calligraphy. Mina Lee wrote this when he was in middle age. Mina Lee's calligraphy of "Xi Min", "Bu Yi" and "Gong Zhu" was appreciated by the famous calligrapher Dong Qichang at that time. Dong tasted the book market and asked for books, so he couldn't help sighing. Li Shu in Zhangzhou has only two monuments, Sanping and Jiaji, which are of high quality and well preserved. This monument is widely circulated, and it is the giant of golden carving in southern Fujian.

Inscription in Zhangzhou Confucian Temple

In the Confucian Temple in Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province. There are many inscriptions, such as Yuan Yanchou, Ming Hongwu, Chenghua and Wanli, which have been destroyed. There are two survivors today: one is to build a monument for the eighth year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1669), and the county people wrote an article about the changes in Tang Dynasty, in which Xining Taoism replaced Shu Dan; The series "Rebuilding Zhangzhou Gong Xue Monument" written by Kang Youwei 1924 is 184 cm high, 78 cm wide, bluestone with large diameter. Kang Youwei's calligraphy originated in the Northern Wei Dynasty. When he wrote this tablet, he was old and rare, but his brushwork was deep and pure, and his brushwork was vigorous. His rubbings and copies of the original are very valuable.

4. Who are the outstanding figures in Zhangzhou history?

From the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 to the new period of socialist revolutionary construction and reform and opening-up, it seems that after the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, Zhang Ji, Lai Gan and Master Jian were killed by Japanese invaders in Taiwan Province Province. I saw the revolutionary feats of Su Daigong and other people with lofty ideals who followed Sun Yat-sen around the Revolution of 1911. I saw the touching stories of heroes such as Zhu Jilei and Wang Zhanchun who shed their heads and shed their blood during the revolutionary civil war, and saw the national integrity of heroic sons and daughters such as Su Jingcheng and Li Lin who died heroically in the front line of the Anti-Japanese War in the eight-year war of resistance. I also saw the entrepreneurial chapter of Gu Wenchang and other party cadres who changed the old mountains and rivers and built a new Zhangzhou after the founding of the People's Republic of China; I saw pioneering figures of geese in science and education, such as HD Time and Zheng Mianping, who bravely climbed the scientific peak; We can also see the contributions made by talents from all walks of life, Taiwan compatriots in Zhangzhou and overseas Chinese to the motherland, Zhangzhou's economic construction and Zhangzhou's social progress. Covering politics, military affairs, economy, science and technology, culture, education, health, sports and other fields, it provides us with a historical boat to pursue the century-old situation of Zhangzhou, and also provides us with heavy enlightenment to continue to write brilliant history in the new century.

Show Zhang Ji's pioneering spirit.

We are also pleased to see that many Zhang Ji people who dare to be the first and make great efforts to govern the country, besides Lin Yutang, Yang Sao and Xu Dishan, three well-known literary figures in southern Fujian, have countless powerful "firsts": Lu Dao, the first secretary of the Minnan District Committee before the founding of the People's Republic of China; Zhu Jilei, the commander-in-chief of the "Pinghe Riot" who led the peasants to fire the first shot of Eight Fujian; Gao Jiecheng opened the First Bank of the Eighth Route Army in the Shanxi-Hebei-Henan Border Region, the center of the anti-Japanese bonfire; Guo, the first person to form "Zhangzhou 1 10"; Corazon Aquino, the first Chinese Filipino President; Lin Bingxiang, the first ship in Singapore; Chen Qixian, the first overseas Chinese to establish a rubber kingdom in Southeast Asia; Kang, the first president of Zhangzhou Association of Hong Kong; Sun Zongcai, an early famous enterprise that opened the first factory in Zhangzhou; Shi Dalun, the pioneer of Minnan Highway who opened the first highway in Zhangzhou; Wu, the entrepreneur who founded Zhangzhou's first "China Famous Brand Product"; Lian Heng, the first historian to write the general history of Taiwan Province Province; Zheng, the first professor in China to study and write a 500,000-word rhetoric history; Wu Chuanyu, the first swimmer in the world to raise the five-star red flag in Ran Ran; Wu Yancong, the first Zhang athlete to win the gold medal in the high jump of the Paralympic Games. ...

Looking forward to Longjiang's children inheriting their style.

Following the footsteps of these outstanding talents, we can clearly hear the steps of Zhangzhou's development and progress. History is immortal. Yingjie used * * * to ignite yesterday's glory and hold up today's glory. As Liu Keqing, secretary of Zhangzhou Municipal Party Committee, said in the preface, "I sincerely hope that" One Hundred Years of Zhangzhou "can help people all over the world to deepen their understanding of Zhangzhou and feel Zhangzhou; It will also help the children of Longjiang to inspire a strong sense of pride, responsibility and mission, be ambitious and down-to-earth, and work together with Qi Xin to build Zhangzhou into a port city, an industrial city and an ecological city on the west side of the Taiwan Strait. "

5. Who knows the history of Longhai City, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, which was merged from Longxi County and Haicheng County to Longhai County and changed to Longhai City after the withdrawal of the city? Located in the southeast coast of Fujian Province, downstream of Jiulong River. It faces Xiamen Special Economic Zone across the sea in the east, borders Zhangzhou ancient cultural city and Nanjing and Pinghe counties in the west, borders Zhangpu County in the south and Changtai County in the north. The administrative divisions are Chengxi, Jiuhu, Yancuo, Bangshan, jiaomei, Zini, Shima, Haicheng, Dongyuan, Baishui, Fugong, Gangwei 12, Dongsi and Longjiao, jiaomei Industrial Development Zone, Chengxi Farm and Shuangdi Overseas Chinese Farm. The total area of the city is 1, 654,38+0,28 square kilometers, with a total population of 803,900 in 2008.

Longhai City is a national sustainable and efficient agricultural demonstration zone, an experimental zone of agricultural cooperation with Taiwan on the west side of the Taiwan Strait, one of the important bases of agricultural products export in Fujian Province, the hometown of daffodils, known as the "land of plenty" and one of the top 100 counties in China.

6. What are the most touching places in the history of Dongshan County in Zhangzhou City? Zhangzhou City is located in the southern coast of Fujian Province, with a land area of 23 33'-2512' north latitude and 0/6 54'-1815' east longitude. Area 12873.3 km2. Jurisdiction over xiangcheng district and Longwen District 2, Longhai City, Yunxiao County, Zhangpu County, Zhaoan County, Changtai County, Dongshan County, Nanjing County, Pinghe County and Hua 'an County. It has a population of 4,502,700 and speaks Minnan dialect. Zhangzhou is a famous hometown of overseas Chinese and the ancestral home of Taiwan Province compatriots, with more than 700,000 overseas Chinese. Of the existing population in Taiwan Province Province, 35.8% are from Zhangzhou.

Zhangzhou is an ancient historical and cultural city with many places of interest. Dongshan Island, a famous summer resort at home and abroad, and Sanping Temple, a treasure trove of pilgrimage, are visited by tourists all year round. Song Cheng Zhaojiabao, Yundongyan, Nanshan Temple, Bai Jiao Ciji Palace, Longjiao Crater, Shuyang Shanglou Group, Baihua Village, etc. , is a good place for Range Rover travel.

7. Who knows the history of Longhai City, Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province, which was merged from Longxi County and Haicheng County to Longhai County and changed to Longhai City after the withdrawal of the city?

Located in the southeast coast of Fujian Province, downstream of Jiulong River. It faces Xiamen Special Economic Zone across the sea in the east, borders Zhangzhou ancient cultural city and Nanjing and Pinghe counties in the west, borders Zhangpu County in the south and Changtai County in the north.

The administrative divisions are Chengxi, Jiuhu, Yancuo, Bangshan, jiaomei, Zini, Shima, Haicheng, Dongyuan, Baishui, Fugong, Gangwei 12, Dongsi and Longjiao, jiaomei Industrial Development Zone, Chengxi Farm and Shuangdi Overseas Chinese Farm. The total area of the city is 1, 654,38+0,28 square kilometers, with a total population of 803,900 in 2008.

Longhai City is a national sustainable and efficient agricultural demonstration zone, an experimental zone of agricultural cooperation with Taiwan on the west side of the Taiwan Strait, one of the important bases of agricultural products export in Fujian Province, the hometown of daffodils, known as the "land of plenty" and one of the top 100 counties in China.