The full text of "Global Cities, Green Walls Are Popular" Lesson 9, Lesson 27

Looking at cities in various countries, the biggest difference between China and foreign countries is the walls. According to incomplete statistics, the total length of the walls of public institutions (excluding residential buildings) in our country is more than 5 million kilometers, which can circle the earth 125 times and cover an area of ??more than 1,100 square kilometers. In addition, there are blind spots on both sides that cannot be used. It covers an area of ??3,350 square kilometers.

Go abroad and visit cities around the world, including some developing countries, and you will never see such a spectacular array of walls anywhere!

Some foreign cities call them The "wall", or the elegant railing, the hollow barbed wire, or the vibrant "green wall": the buildings are looming inside the "wall", which neither damages the overall beauty of the city's environment nor hinders the citizens' vision space. .

The so-called "green wall" is to use plants instead of bricks, stones or reinforced concrete to build walls. This kind of vibrant green wall not only occupies a small area, saves materials and money, but also has remarkable effects in greening and beautifying the city appearance, reducing noise and dust, purifying the air, and regulating temperature, etc., and is very popular among people.

The most distinctive urban green wall building in the world, Brazil's "Plant Wall" is the first to be recommended. In Brazil, the green walls that people see are made of hollow bricks. The bricks are covered with gum and fertilizer, and then grass seeds are planted. As long as the climate is suitable, grass will grow from the inside and cover the wall with green. This kind of plant wall not only has aesthetic value, but also can reduce noise and air pollution.

Buildings in major cities in the West are often seen with rippling green and green grass swaying in the breeze. It turns out that a special kind of "bio-brick" is used on the exterior walls. By properly spraying water on the wall, it can stay green all year round, provide heat and sound insulation, absorb carbon dioxide, and purify the air in residential areas. Brasilia, the capital of Brazil, has nearly 100 square meters of green space per capita, ranking first in the world. Brazilian law stipulates that construction projects without greening design are not allowed to be constructed; after completion of construction projects with greening design, any bare soil on the ground will not be accepted. Therefore, on the day the house is completed, the lawn, flower beds, and hedges are also completed at the same time. Every 10 or so apartment buildings form a "square street", that is, a residential community. It is surrounded by a large green belt (including evergreen shrub walls, small gardens and lawns), which filters the air and blocks noise. Brasilia is a new capital city that was only established in 1960. It has almost no historical value. However, in 1987, it was designated as a "Cultural Heritage of Humanity" by the United Nations. In addition to the ingenious Three Powers Square and the novel urban style, it also has Because the city highlights greening and allows people and the environment to coexist harmoniously, it has become a model for a modern new city. In 1990, Curitiba, the capital of Paraná State, Brazil, was named "Ecological Capital" by the United Nations. Although the city's population has soared from 500,000 to 1.5 million after the war, the per capita green space has increased from 0.5 square meters to 54 square meters. Citizens put the energy of building walls into greening, creating numerous "green walls".

When Australia established its capital in Canberra in 1927, it was clearly stipulated that public and private buildings were not allowed to construct non-plant walls. Today, except for the Prime Minister's Office, which retains a wall with a sentry box and a guard, there is no second wall in Canberra. In order to shield their offices, government agencies and groups have built green barriers with towering albizia trees, eucalyptus trees, etc. The embassies of various countries have introduced flowers and trees unique to their countries and carefully woven green fences, making passers-by feel like they are visiting botanical gardens of various countries. For the single-family two-story house, the government provides seedlings for free, and the low walls are made of roses, cacti, coral trees, pear trees, etc. The cities of Sydney and Melbourne also join the green walls in their capital cities. The outer edges of Melbourne's parks are connected to the streets without any fences. Various buildings in Sydney are mostly screened by camphor trees and plane trees, with an appropriate mix of evergreen and deciduous trees to keep them warm in winter and cool in summer. In villa areas, dwarf trees and shrubs are used as hedges, as long as they do not block the buildings.

Climb to the highest point in Singapore? The 73-story 226-meter-high Stanford Hotel. Looking from a distance, you can see lush trees and grass, and no wall-like buildings at all. This 641-square-kilometer pocket country has 3 million citizens living in gardens of all sizes. Singapore law stipulates that if a house with a garden does not build a wall and allows the flowers and trees to be enjoyed by passers-by, the real estate tax can be reduced; the residential building must be at least 15 meters away from the road, green space should account for 65%, and the construction area should account for 35%.

To this end, Singaporeans only build hedges instead of walls. Since 1971, they have planted a large number of trees, spread lawns, and even overpasses, waiting sheds, and telephone poles have climbed vines, so that the city is surrounded by green.

In Japan, building materials researchers put the prepared wall mesh frames in the water, allowing moss plants to multiply and attach to them. After a period of growth, they were fished out to turn them into novel pieces. Unique ecological prefabs. Then place them in places in the city that need greening.

Due to overcrowding, Lagos, the capital of Nigeria, decided to move its capital to inland Abuja in 1979. At the beginning of the move, the government issued a ban on walling and designated the new capital as an open city. In 1985, the city government ordered the demolition of more than a dozen brick and stone walls built without permission by units. As a result, today's Abuja brick and stone walls have disappeared, with green trees covering the area, a broad view, and colorful flowers, plants, tree walls, and wisteria walls everywhere.

In the town of Sanitas in Botswana, South Africa, the "ecological wall" is even more amazing. The exterior walls here all protrude with rows of hollow bricks, with soil inside the bricks. Flowers and vegetables are planted there, and water and fertilizer are applied to keep them green all year round, effectively utilizing the space.

The city of Tunis, the capital of Tunisia in North Africa, uses Aralia trees as its walls. The Aralia tree belongs to the cactus genus. It is short, stout and has strong vitality. It can live for hundreds of years. It has enlarged stems, dense flowers and leaves, and abundant fruits. It has high ornamental value. Cutting off the top of the tree inhibits its upward growth, and the bottom becomes thicker and fatter, finally growing into a "solid wall" with few gaps, strong and beautiful. Most public houses and private courtyards in the city are surrounded by this kind of green wall, which blocks the wind and sand and becomes the dividing line of household rights.

Green walls and green doors have become popular in Washington, DC, USA in recent years. The materials for building walls and gates are plastic bricks filled with soil. The holes in the bricks are outward, and flowers, plants and vegetables are planted inside. After the seedlings were unearthed, they stretched out of the hole, bent upward to absorb the sunlight, and bloomed with flowers of all colors, including corn sticks, sunflowers, peppers, etc. Luffa, gourds, etc. were hung in different lengths. It was really a wall of vegetables and a door full of flowers. What’s even more interesting is that all service units with green doors and green walls have a particularly large number of visitors and their business is particularly prosperous.

In recent years, Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou and other places in my country have also begun to build green belts, and a large number of plant walls have also been built around factories, schools, and institutions. As far as the eye can see, it is full of greenery and is generally praised by the citizens. The famous Longbai Hotel in western Shanghai and the walls of Tongji University in Shanghai are also plant walls with excellent ecological effects. They are lush green and quite interesting. Dalian City has made outstanding achievements in greening work. Park walls and some walls of street-facing units and residences have been demolished and replaced with low iron railings and green lawns, greening the city, broadening people's horizons, and making people feel comfortable and comfortable. Relaxing and enjoyable.

It is feasible and has very good results.

China has been building walls for thousands of years. Although building walls has the function of security and demarcation, it no longer has much effect in today's advanced technology. ?If you want to attack it, if you want to steal it, don't care about being separated by a wall. ?Breaking through the walled land can not only save land, but also save 1% to 10% of the construction cost. It can also increase the green area, expand people's vision, improve the landscape, and beautify and purify the urban environment. Replacing brick walls with green walls is the need of the times, the need for openness, and the need to beautify our homes, protect the ecological environment, and improve living conditions.

Brief analysis of the textbook:

"Global City, Popular Green Wall" is a self-reading text in the sixth unit of the ninth grade (volume 1) of the Jiangsu Education Edition. This article is a A scientific explanatory text, the text starts from the comparison of Chinese and foreign fences, introduces green fences in many countries with different forms and different tastes, introduces the progress made in greening in my country in recent years, and scientifically explains the impact of building green walls on purifying cities and The role of protecting the ecological environment.