Related scenic spots of Luxun's former residence in Shaoxing

Tugu Temple is a land temple, and "earth" refers to land gods, valley gods and valley gods. There is also a Tugu Temple in the south of Taziqiao, which is diagonally opposite to Changqing Temple, and there is a street pavilion in front of the temple. There are many plaques and colorful cornices on the street kiosks, and one of them has the words "Life of Payne Oriental Taoren, Huaijian and Jing Li". Shou Huaijian was the teacher of Mr. Shou Jason Wu and Mr. Lu Xun when he was studying in San Tan Yin Yue. This exhibition hall will stage at least two plays every year, one in the first month and the other in May. In addition, the workshop encountered natural and man-made disasters and also acted temporarily. Lu Xun came here to see the play when he was young. There are three temples side by side, Tugu Temple in the north, Mu Temple in the middle and Caishen Temple in the south. Generally speaking, the scale of land temples is relatively small, and this land temple is only the width of a facade, because Lu Xun's works describe it more and attract people's attention.

In addition to the main entrance, there is a wooden door painted ochre at the entrance of Tugu Temple. There is a wide cornice above the door and a low stone threshold below.

The first entrance is the gatehouse, and there are a pair of hugs on the colonnade: "Good weather, abundant crops, peaceful country and people." There is a patio in the middle and a veranda on both sides. The second entrance is the main hall. In the room, there are two sitting statues of father-in-law and mother-in-law of land. They look amiable, just like the words "the father-in-law is fair and the mother-in-law has good intentions" written on both sides, which are deeply loved by the people. Above the statue, there is a big plaque with gold on a red background, and the words "on the ground" are written in the calligraphy of "Wei Bei" written by Shaoxing township sage Tao Junxuan. There are also a pair of arms on the post in front of the hall:

Blessing comes from heaven with integrity, and virtue with righteousness will be fair. "This is the font of the great calligrapher of Sui Dynasty.

Tugu Temple on weekdays is not as lively and deserted as Changqing Temple. However, on the birthday of the Tibetan Bodhisattva, that is, the 14th day of the fourth lunar month, people come to worship Buddha and burn incense. It is more lively to light candles on the solstice in winter. At the end of Guangxu, Tugu Temple was managed by a temple named A Qiu. Because the Tugu Temple was cold, there were some homeless beggars and tramps living in the temple at that time, and the person in charge did not interfere, so it became their refuge.

Speaking of Tugu Temple, people will think of Lu Xun's masterpiece The True Story of Ah Q, saying that Ah Q lived in Tugu Temple. In fact, there is no Ah Q here, but Lu Xun draws materials from it: there is a man named Xie Agui who lives alone in Tugu Temple. He mainly makes a living by cooking for others. He once worked as an hourly worker for the Zhou family, but he has the habit of stealing and has a bad reputation. Lu Xun knew him well and regarded him as a "model". In The True Story of Ah Q, he created an immortal artistic image of Ah Q.

Tugu Temple has been abandoned for many years, 198 1 restored its facade. In 2003, Shaoxing implemented the protection project of Lu Xun's hometown, and the relevant departments funded the reconstruction of Tugu Temple to restore its old appearance. Chinese and foreign tourists often recall the life scenes of Ah Q written by Lu Xun. Xu Guangping, Lu Xun's wife, said that in Tugu Temple, you can "find Ah Q's place more affectionately, as if there are acquaintances in it, ready to come out at any time". Changqing Temple is located in the south of Tazi Bridge in the south of Shaoxing city, less than 200 meters away from Lu Xun's former residence. It is one of the eight temples in Shaoxing. Built in the second year of Tang Yonghui (65 1), abandoned in 84 1-846 and rebuilt in 958, it is a thousand-year-old temple. The temple faces east from west, with black tiles on the wall. There is a gold-plated "Evergreen Temple" plaque on the red mountain gate. The entrance is the first hall, in which there is a primitive Maitreya Buddha, naked in the chest and smiling. The main hall is divided into front hall and back hall. There is a Tathagata and eighteen arhats in the front hall. Two couplets are engraved on the stone pillars in the hall: "Nine-level lotus lions roar like lions, and three golden dragons and tigers roar out of the rooftop"; "Binghui shines on the Western Heaven to teach Han, and Yin Ciling shines on the ten sides of China." The back hall is a wooden statue of Guanyin with a thousand hands. Lu Xun also said: "I did see a giant Buddha of more than ten feet and a small bodhisattva of several inches." There are more than 50 large and small plaques in the hall.

There is an interesting story about the relationship between Lu Xun and Changqing Temple. Lu Xun is the eldest son and grandson of the Zhou family. The year he was born was a leap year, and his birthday was on the third day of the eighth lunar month, which happened to be the same Amanome as the legendary Zaosi Bodhisattva. According to the old folk saying, such children are noble and will certainly achieve something in the future, but with more stars, it is difficult to raise them, because ghosts and gods are specially used to play tricks on children with "promise". Lu Xun's parents also believe in this folk superstition legend. First, they "signed up" Lu Xun as a baby to Bodhisattva, indicating that he has become a monk. Then they worshipped the monk as a teacher, indicating that he has become a monk and is no longer the darling of the people. With the protection of the gods, he can be protected from evil spirits. Mr. Lu Xun once said: "I was born in Zhou family, and I am an elder" and "hope is the most important". My father was afraid that I would be successful, so I couldn't afford to support him. Less than one year old, I went to Changqing Temple to worship a monk as my teacher. The monk master was the abbot of Changqing Temple at that time, and Lu Xun called him "Dragon Master". Master Long named Lu Xun "Long Gen", and Lu Xun called it "Chang Geng" in My First Master. According to Shaoxing pronunciation, "root" and "Geng" are homonyms, both of which mean to pray for a long life. Master Long also gave Lu Xun a piece of silver gossip with the words "Sambo disciple's dharma name takes root", a piece of "hundred clothes" sewn with various olive-shaped small silk pieces, and something called "cow rope" with scattered small objects such as calendars, mirrors and screens hanging on it. It is said that hanging or wearing these things can ward off evil spirits and children can avoid accidents and live a long life. You can also see these items in the exhibition hall of Luxun Memorial Hall in Shaoxing. Master Long has a slender figure, a thin face, high cheekbones and thin eyes. He is quite rebellious. A monk shouldn't have a beard, but he has two drooping beards. Besides, Master Long has a wife. The process of his wedding was very dramatic: one of them was a social drama in his hometown, and Master Long went to the theatre. Because he knows actors well, he went on stage to knock gongs for them. Although Master Long is beautiful and capable, the audience under the stage all think that he is not doing his duty and does not like to scold him. Not to be outdone, Master Long contradicted a few words, flying onto the stage like rain under the stage, and several even rushed forward to teach the monk a lesson. After all, there are many people in the audience. Although Master Long has a skill in boxing, it is hard to resist, so he has to be defeated and flee, and everyone is in hot pursuit, forcing him to escape into a family. There is only one young widow in this family, but the widow bravely saved him ... and then Master Lailong married the widow.

At that time, the Buddhist precepts were strict, and only "knocking monks" could get married openly. Master Long is good at playing musical instruments, such as gong, drum, huqin and pipa. After marriage, he became a monk. Master Long not only married his wife, but also hoped that all the monks in the temple could marry, so he invited musicians from the Yue Opera Troupe to teach him the skills of blowing and knocking, so that all the monks in Changqing Temple became "blowing and knocking monks", and they could make a living by their own skills and never had to go out to raise money again. At that time, among hundreds of temples in Shaoxing, Changqing Temple was the most prominent.

Master Long is kind, kind to people and has a bodhisattva heart. He has been a monk for a long time. At ordinary times, he cares about other monks in the temple and treats them as equals. He warmly welcomes visitors to the temple, and he often helps some children who live near Changqing Temple. He also signed up for medical practice, taking the money from medical practice as one of the incomes of Changqing Temple, but he did not accept the money for treating the poor.

Young Lu Xun sometimes goes to Changqing Temple to play. The Zhou Jia family in Xintaimen is the patron of Changqing Temple, and all Buddhist works in Zhou Jia are done by monks in Changqing Temple. For example, when Lu Xun's little aunt Zhou Kang died, her husband's family held a seven-day and seven-night amphibious Dojo in Changqing Temple, and Lu Xun also went to see it.

Changqing Temple lost its incense in the 1950 s, because the descendants of Master Long no longer need to work in their ancestral businesses to make a living. The old traces of Changqing Temple are still there, and the couplets on the stone pillars in the temple are still discernible. Lu Xun said in the preface to Scream: "I have been in and out of boutique shops and pharmacies for more than four years, almost every day, but my age has been forgotten." In short, the counter of the pharmacy is as high as mine, and the quality store is twice as high as mine. I sent clothes or jewelry from a counter twice as high, took the money contemptuously, and then went to a counter as high as mine to give it to my father who had been ill for a long time.

Pawnshop, also known as pawn shop, quality shop. The boutique shops mentioned by Lu Xun in his article mainly refer to the Hengjidang on the Xiajiahe River in the East Ring Road. Henderson is not far from Zhou Jia. It passes through the street pavilion and tower bridge in front of Tugu Temple, and walks hundreds of steps eastward along the north bank of Dongxian Ring Road. There is a tall white wall with a huge word "dang" written on it. This is the former site of Henderson. In the old society, Henderson was like other pawn shops. There is a rectangular golden signboard on the black background above the lintel, with the name of the bookstore opposite and the word "dang" in the middle. The wall of the pawnshop is very strong. Usually, the whole slate is used as the foundation of the wall, commonly known as "stone wall", which is used for fire prevention and theft prevention. Signs such as "Yuguo Convenience" are hung on the screen wall of the pawnshop gate. The counter of pawnshop is much higher than other shops, about two meters. No wonder Lu Xun recalled that the counter of the quality store was "twice as high as me". Henderson became the boss, named Huai Qing, and donated the grain and grass route in Hubei. Later, he "didn't want to be an official". In his later years, he returned to Shao to "support his family" and "be charitable" and opened Henderson Pawnshop for profit. Some people secretly call him "the last generation of summer". When Lu Xun's grandfather Zhou Fuqing became an official, Xia Jia and Zhou Jia had contacts. However, when Lu Xun 13 years old (1893), his family suffered many changes, and he was forced to go in and out frequently, and was ridiculed and deceived by Hagar and "Mr. Chao Feng" (a pawnshop clerk), which made Lu Xun suffer from human sufferings. No wonder Lu Xun sighed angrily: "Who is well-off when it's raining down?" I thought that on this road, I could probably see the true face of the world. " There seem to be many Antang halls in Shaoxing, and there are several with the same name in Lu Xun's The True Story of Ah Q. The nearest to Lu Xun's home is an nunnery, which was built in the light years of Qing Dynasty (182 1- 1850), less than 100 meters away from Tugu Temple and Changqing Temple.

There is a stone bridge in front of the temple, five rooms are connected, there are east and west compartments between the entrances, and there are two stone pin walls around. The original couplets on the stone pillars of the second room are hard to see. The vegetable garden is outside the stone back door of the third room in the west, surrounded by high walls. There are rape, mustard, radish and Chinese cabbage in the garden. Arguably, Ah Q couldn't climb the fence of a nun, so Lu Xun had to give him convenience in his novel and rewrite the fence into a mud wall of a hundred herbs garden. Ah Q climbed the low wall, tugging at the vine of Polygonum multiflorum, and the soil was still rustling. Finally, he climbed the mulberry branches and jumped in.

In the old society, most people who cut their hair for Nepal were women from humble origins. Although some of them belong to the upper class, they are all greatly stimulated and see through the world of mortals. Nuns are discriminated against by society and regarded as "unlucky things". Shaoxing people have a habit of "creating bad luck" when they meet unlucky people or things, which means to vomit a few times to avoid bad luck. When you meet a nun on the road, you have to vomit a few times. So after being beaten by a fake foreign devil with a funeral stick, Ah Q thought he was unlucky because he saw a little nun. Although I was beaten in front and saw a nun in the back, I still "spit loudly." Ah Q is a weak and oppressed person, but Ah Q "treats young nuns like dirt", sees foul language and even moves, which also shows the humble status of nuns.

With the development of the protection project of Lu Xun's hometown, the renovated retreat is open to tourists as a place to visit Lu Xun's footprints and interpret Lu Xun's works. Lu Xun Cultural Square is located at the intersection of Lu Xun on the west side of Xianheng Hotel. The square is adjacent to Fuhe River in the west, Xianhuan River in the back and the city building in the south. Because of the small floor space, the square adopts sinking design, part of the foundation sinks, and then takes the form of step-by-step rise, which makes the narrow plane of the square give people a sense of hierarchy, change and three-dimensionality. The upper floors of the square are stacked with red flowers and green leaves, and the vegetation is lush. The pavement of the whole square is paved with bluestone slabs, which highlights the traditional characteristics of Shaoxing. There is also a typical river port scene on the first line of Fuhe River in the square, and two exquisite awning boats are moored on the surface of Fuhe River. The ancillary buildings around the square are modeled after the traditional style of Shaoxing folk houses, with white walls and black tiles, quiet and clean. The difference is that modern building materials are adopted, and some modern aesthetic elements are incorporated into the modeling of the building, which is more contemporary. The atmosphere of the square is solemn and solemn, lively and cheerful, which embodies the * * * nature of the memorial square and the cultural rest place. On the east side of Luxun Cultural Square, there is a huge granite monument, with a height of1.12m and a length of 3.30m, which is embedded in a solid wall made of square stones. The inscription is "List of Donations of Lu Xun's Bronze Statue", which was erected by Shaoxing Bronze Statue Preparatory Committee. The tablet is engraved with the name of the grantee whose unit 1000 yuan or more and whose individual 100 yuan or more. The above rows of names from all directions, both at home and abroad, illustrate an undeniable fact: people who love and admire Lu Xun are all over the country. Luxun Cultural Square was officially opened on 199 1 to commemorate the anniversary of Luxun's birthday 1 10. The bronze statue of Lu Xun stands in the north of Lu Xun Cultural Square, facing Lu Xun Road. A row of green camphor trees on the back constitutes a natural barrier, which further sets off the height and solemnity of the bronze statue. The bronze statue of Lu Xun is 3. 18 meters high and weighs 2.5 tons. It is made of brass. Lu Xun's face in the bronze statue is kind, serene, vivid and rich in connotation. Through the image, we can clearly feel Mr. Lu Xun's wise thoughts, firm beliefs and perseverance. The base of the bronze statue is l.6 meters high, made of rough granite with yellow and red spots, which symbolizes the unyielding character of Mr. Lu Xun. On the side of the bronze statue stands a majestic and heavy stone tablet: Inscription on the Bronze Statue of Lu Xun erected by Shaoxing Municipal People's Government (written by Chen Yi and written by Shen Dingan). It is 1.2 meters high and 2 meters wide, and is placed on a solid base. The monument records an ordinary and historic feat: on the occasion of the anniversary of Lu Xun's birth 1 10, people from all walks of life who admired Lu Xun cast this magnificent statue in his hometown with sincere heart; This bronze statue will be told through the ages and shine from generation to generation.

The bronze statue of Lu Xun was initiated by famous writers Ba Jin, Xiao Jun and Huang Yuan on the occasion of commemorating the 50th anniversary of Lu Xun's death in 1986, and was built with public funds. It was grandly unveiled on the occasion of 199 1 commemorating the 60th anniversary of Lu Xun's birth.

Inscription on the bronze statue of Lu Xun

Accumulate goodness and mirror water, the more ancient it is, the more handsome and virtuous it is, and the outstanding people are outstanding. Shaoxing has cultivated a generation of elite Lu Xun.

Lu Xun, formerly known as Zhou Shuren, was a talented man. 188/kloc-0 was born on September 25th, 2008 in Zhoujiaxintaimen, Duchangfang, Shaoxing. The three pools and the moon inspired the childlike interest of Baicao Garden, from which Lu Xun set out, went to life and the world, and became a great writer, thinker and revolutionary. "Look at a thousand fingers coldly, bow your head and be a willing ox" is a brilliant portrayal of Mr. Wang's life and his motto for future generations. Lu Xun's spirit shines on the earth and is praised by the world. Lu Xun is worthy of the reputation of "soul of china".

Blue sky, Fengqi Tonglin, Mr. Wang's soul returns to his hometown, and people's hearts return to spirit. 1in the autumn of 986, at the initiative of Ba Jin, Huang Yuan and Xiao Jun, Shaoxing villagers carefully carved and prepared a bronze statue of Lu Xun, so that Mr. Fengcai could form a fax for future generations to remember and pay tribute to. As soon as the initiative came out, all parties responded and people from all walks of life at home and abroad enthusiastically supported it. 199/kloc-0 was completed on September 25th, and was undertaken by Shaoxing Lu Xun bronze statue construction committee.

The sun, the moon and the stars, rivers, lakes and seas are everywhere, and the gentleman's demeanor is always there. Lu Xun's spirit endures forever, and the spring breeze melts the rain, which is a memory left for future generations.

Shaoxing Municipal People's Government has the same respect for Xianheng Hotel as other small hotels in Shaoxing in the past. In this street, there is a big counter in the shape of a curved ruler. There are some porcelain-colored bottles at one end of the bar counter near the shop. The bottle is filled with soju, and the words "Rose Burn" and "Cortex Acanthopanacis" are pasted on it. Afraid of the fragrance of wine escaping, the bottle mouth is wrapped in a small sandbag with blue cloth. There is a fence on the horizontal counter facing the street, and there are dishes for drinking in the bar, commonly known as "wine base", fennel beans, chicken gizzards, peanuts, dried tofu, rotten chicken, tied meat and so on. There is an old wine jar under the counter, which contains Shaoxing famous wines, such as Justin, rice, good wine, fragrant snow, etc., with sandbags on it, and tools for scooping and warming wine, such as wine racks, funnels, barrels, etc., are placed next to the jar. After winter, hot water is prepared in the counter, and "warm wine" is made of tinplate. There are several tables and benches in the shop for customers to sit and drink.

At that time, there were not many customers who came to Xianheng Hotel to drink, and most of them were "short clothes gangs" standing outside the counter to drink. Regular customers have gone to Dexing Hotel in the west. Dexing Hotel is owned by Xie, and the business is good. Lu Xun's teacher Shou Jason Wu often goes there to drink. The only "gown guest" who came to Xianheng Hotel for a drink was a man named Meng Fuzi. He is a neighbor of the Zhou family. He tried many times, and he was poor and addicted to alcohol. In his early years, he helped copy official documents at Zhoujia Private School in Xintaimen. On one occasion, "Master Meng" was caught sneaking into someone else's study, but he argued that "stealing books is not stealing". As a result, my leg was broken, so I had to sit on the ground with a straw bag and walk with my hands. Based on Mencius, Lu Xun created the artistic image of Kong Yiji.

Old Xianheng Hotel has long been a historical relic. 198 1 In September, in order to commemorate the centenary of Lu Xun's birth, the relevant departments rebuilt a Xianheng hotel with Shaoxing local traditional characteristics in the middle section of Lu Xun Road.

Xianheng Hotel is a hotel with three facades. There is a horizontal plaque with the store number under the eaves of the store door. On the Qinglong card at the counter, the four characters "Taibai Inheritance" are written straight. There is a portrait of Kong Yiji painted by the famous painter Fang Zengxian in the shop. There is also a pair of couplets: "Small shops are famous, and old wines are intoxicating", written by the famous writer Lee Joon. Another famous performing artist, Mo Bao of Yu Shizhi, said, "Your Excellency, Kong Yiji, the wedding; Three thousand, seventy, jade pot gives birth to spring. " Today, Xianheng Hotel has become a famous Jiangnan store integrating traditional styles and characteristics of the times, integrating famous city customs and famous wines, and has opened 20 chain stores in Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou. Every day, customers are full and business is booming. Curved counters, rustic pottery pots, tinplate pots, mellow rice wine, delicious fennel beans ... all these often remind Chinese and foreign guests of the Kong Yiji era written by Lu Xun.