Folk customs in Southeast Asia?

Southeast Asia is a new regional name that appeared in the late World War II. There are 1 1 countries in this region: Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei, the Philippines and East Timor (the Democratic Republic of East Timor was formally established on May 20, 2002), with an area of about 4.57 million square kilometers and a population of about 560 million. When it comes to the color of national costumes, it can only be described as colorful. Perhaps influenced by the subtropical and tropical climate, people in many Southeast Asian countries like some bright colors. For example, Malaysians prefer red, orange and other bright colors. They think black is a negative color. Therefore, Malay clothing always gives you a happy and unrestrained feeling, showing tropical customs everywhere. People who have been to Malaysia remember it vividly. Teams of Malay women dressed in colorful sarongs are like bunches of flowers blooming in spring, dressing up small towns in Malaysia. On the other hand, Cambodians have ancient and beautiful dress habits, and they like to use colorful clothes to represent the day. I like to use bright yellow on Monday, purple on Tuesday, green on Wednesday, gray or light blue on Thursday, red on Friday, black on Saturday and red on Sunday. The above-mentioned habit of dressing is particularly popular in religious activities, so it is called "colorful week". In the past, civilians' clothes were rich in local colors. Women in North Vietnam liked brown, women in Central China preferred purple, and women in South Vietnam mostly wore white or embroidered in front, but there is almost no difference at present. Characteristic Southeast Asia is a pluralistic and integrated region. The geographical characteristics of the coexistence of mainland and island, mountain and plain, the natural conditions of the gradual transition between subtropical and tropical climate, frequent ethnic migration and cultural exchanges between ethnic groups constitute a variety of life patterns and colorful national costume culture. Compared with other costumes in Malaysia, "Bati" (batik) can be said to be its most distinctive costume. Badi clothing worn by men is called Malaysia's national costume. Buddy has exquisite designs, various patterns and unique styles, and some knitting techniques are quite fine. Buddy is a long-sleeved shirt with a symmetrical pattern, but one with an asymmetrical pattern is not the real Buddy. Buddy is made of batik cloth and silk with different textures, but most of them are wide, big, thin and cold. "Buddies" have long sleeves and short sleeves, and those who attend dinner wear long sleeves. Traditional Malay women's dresses are divided into tops and sarongs (tube skirts), which are as wide as robes and have long sleeves. The apron is very wide, usually as long as the ankle. When Malay women wear traditional clothes, they wear a thin and gorgeous scarf over their shoulders or chests. Their dress code forbids topless and bare arms. The modeling and design features of Malay costumes have strong national feelings. There is a man's jacket in the Philippines, and its name is "Baron". "Balong" looks like an open-necked shirt, white and can be long-sleeved or short-sleeved. The waist on both sides is slightly split, slightly narrow, with two large pockets in front and vertical white patterns woven on both sides of the chest. This is a Philippine costume, which can be worn at banquets or important meetings. Filipino women love to wear western-style skirts, and some wear national costumes at meetings and banquets, called "Malone", which looks a bit like Indian saris. "Malone" is a wide and long piece of cloth that can be worn in more than a dozen ways. Whether the end of the cloth is over the shoulder after being wrapped in the body, and if it is over the shoulder, how to put it can change many styles. There is also a pineapple suit in the Philippines. This is a dress made of pineapple leaves by Filipinos. Every June 1 1 to April of the following year, pineapple leaves enjoy a bumper harvest in the leafy pineapple plantation. Filipinos use it to make a breathable, non-shrinking and washable fabric, and then process it into men's shirts, blouses and coats, tablecloths, curtains and napkins. But not all pineapple leaves can be made into pineapple clothes, only a special variety-a hard and prickly pineapple leaf can be made. Filipinos like to wear pineapple clothes on festive days. Clothing has changed a country's culture. In the process of historical evolution, it is inevitable and necessary to absorb foreign culture and foreign culture. Only in this way can she be generous and full. Change is necessary, but it is not copying but perfecting yourself. The emergence and development of every national culture are in the same strain, and all of them are marching in this law. Violation of this law will lead to extinction, and only relying on others will become a vassal of others, which has been proved in human history. Being self-centered, based on the construction of the characteristics of the times of national cultural development and absorbing the excellent elements of foreign culture can make the characteristics of our national culture more personalized, more dynamic and enrich the framework of human social civilization. Aobao is the most traditional national costume in Vietnam, mostly made of silk. Its original style draws lessons from the characteristics of China cheongsam, but it also adds the Vietnamese's own national characteristics. Later, many clothing experts, including French designers, modified "Aodai". The "Aodai" we see today was probably shaped in the 1930s. Many people think that "Aodai" is a bit similar to China's cheongsam, but in fact, "Aodai" is a kind of dress that incorporates many cultural elements, which can best reflect the simple character of Vietnamese men and the feminine figure of Vietnamese girls. Nyonya's exquisite and luxurious costumes are the pride of Malaysian Chinese. Nyonya costumes are another representative of Nyonya culture. It is a woman's nature to love beauty. On the basis of traditional Malay clothing, it is changed into western-style low-cut shoulder lining, and added with traditional lace decoration in China, which is called "Niangjiafu". Nyonya clothes are mostly made of gauze, which is a typical tropical style. Its colors are not only the traditional red and pink of China, but also the auspicious Turkish green of Malays. The decorative patterns on the clothes are traditional flowers, birds, fish, insects, dragons and phoenixes in China. Indonesia is famous for its colorful dyeing and weaving culture. Especially in clothing, traditional culture and colonial culture are intertwined and colorful. The local culture of our nation overlaps with Pinton culture 100 years ago, which is perfectly reflected in a piece of cloth. Influenced by China culture, cheongsam also appeared in Indonesia. After adaptation, Indonesians absorbed it into local traditional costumes. Today, Indonesian clothing is obviously influenced by China culture in dyeing and weaving patterns and embroidery techniques. On the basis of local culture, Indonesian costume culture has been influenced by regional culture (such as Pinton culture), Islamic culture, China culture and western culture, and blossomed everywhere on many islands. Nowadays, Indonesian fashion with multi-ethnic culture as the main theme is developing internationally with its unique design. Indonesians have successfully integrated various cultures into their own national culture and formed their own unique historical and cultural background. This may be the reason why Indonesian fashion can stand on the international stage today. Burmese believe in Buddhism, and they must take off their shoes and go barefoot to visit the temple pagoda to show their respect for the Buddha. Burmese people regard touching their heads as impolite. Don't touch children's heads casually. Vietnam is a country that attaches importance to independence and is committed to economic development. Although materials are still scarce at present, people are equal, just like comrades. Even hotel waiters should treat each other with courtesy, and must not show contempt and cause dissatisfaction among local people. Thailand is a country where Buddhism prevails. There are many provisions in the law to protect religion. Don't disrespect the Buddha statue. Because monks must strictly abide by the teachings of Hinayana Buddhism, it is absolutely forbidden to touch or be touched by women, so female tourists should avoid touching monks in public places. Islam is the state religion of Malaysia, so don't disturb Muslims during evening prayers. In addition, it is impolite to point at people with your index finger in Malaysia, so it is better to use your thumb. It is also impolite to touch a child's head. The stunning architectural appearance of Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia and other 10 Southeast Asian countries is undoubtedly a major attraction of the Expo site. From the splendid palace-style traditional buildings and colorful national costumes to colorful folk songs and dances and unique lifestyles, all reveal the unique and mysterious customs of Indochina Peninsula and Malay Archipelago. The architectural style of Southeast Asia Pavilion has a strong religious color and the characteristics of nature, health and leisure. The Thailand Pavilion presents visitors with a classical Thai architecture and a Thai minaret that is eye-catching from any angle. The exhibition hall style and temple architecture of Myanmar Pavilion show the charm of Myanmar's architectural art ... Cambodia Pavilion displays the ancient civilization treasure "Angkor Monument", including the goddess relief of Angkor Temple and the south gate building of Dawangkor, so that visitors can appreciate its architectural culture, historical background and splendid civilization. The wavy bamboo exterior wall and bamboo palace of Vietnam Pavilion attract tourists' attention. East Timor's Los palos-style roofs and carved wooden doors constitute a unique urban landscape. "Thai Color"-Thailand Pavilion. Thailand's traditional costumes, bright makeup, beautiful dances and Thai food all fascinate tourists. Mr. Wu from Harbin said that Thai traditional dance is beautiful, not only in dress, but also in dance. Telling stories by dancing makes people feel mysterious. The national costumes of Southeast Asia Pavilion can only be described as colorful. At the entrance of Malaysia Pavilion, costumes representing Malays, China, Indians and other nationalities in the country are displayed. The costumes and customs of many ethnic groups in Indonesia are also fully reflected in the exhibition hall. Young men and women in Brunei dressed in traditional handmade Malay wedding dresses, led by their elders, entered the wedding stage and held a series of traditional Malay blessing ceremonies. The subtropical scenery of Southeast Asia Pavilion is charming. Maldives is one of the most beautiful island countries in the world and a romantic paradise in people's minds. Tuna, carp, mackerel, lobster, sea cucumber, grouper, shark, shell, turtle and hawksbill are abundant here. The scenery and exhibits of the Maldives Pavilion are full of island customs, showing the sunny sea area, and various seafood in the pavilion shows the developed local fishery resources. The Indonesian Pavilion "Underwater World" shows the rich and colorful natural landscapes such as oceans, beaches and rivers, and shows the myriad customs of the country of Thousand Islands. The national song and dance performances in the Southeast Asia Pavilion are colorful. Malaysian Pavilion is a song and dance performance composed of cultural elements of many ethnic groups in China. During the Expo, there will be two folk music performances of traditional instruments such as alto xylophone, dulcimer and castanet in the Thailand Pavilion every day. Folk dances include Northern Nail Dance, Northeast Handnet Dance, Central Prayer Dance and Southern Fan Dance. Cambodia presents a major feature of national music-sliding performance, which is performed with beautiful dance in Asia Square. The Philippines has ancient tunes of alpine tribes and Muslim dances at weddings in Mindanao. Diet Thailand's eating habits are similar to those in southern China. The staple food is rice, supplemented by flour. Northeasters are used to eating glutinous rice and like to eat fruits and sweets after meals. Thailand is famous for its hot and sour taste, and it is generally greasy. So people who can eat spicy food need not worry about eating Thai food. There aren't many taboos on dishes, but in southern Muslim areas, they all eat authentic dishes, just like the Hui people in China. Thai food is rich in spices, such as pepper, shrimp sauce, fish sauce, soy sauce and vinegar. There are many Chinese in Thailand, and in some big cities and tourist areas, there are Chinese restaurants with completely North-South flavor. Traveling to Thailand and tasting seafood is also one of the important activities. There are two seas in southern Thailand, and the fishery is very developed. Tropical seafood is rich in variety and cheap, and some seafood is rare in China. But you can't be greedy when eating seafood, especially grilled shrimp, grilled fish, sashimi and oysters. You must use seasonings prepared according to Thai customs. It's best to drink some wine and eat more garlic to prevent diarrhea. Authentic Thai food has a unique flavor and usually uses fresh ingredients. The taste of food is mainly spicy, but some dishes are similar to those in southern China (such as Cantonese food and Chaozhou food). The main courses are cooked seafood, game, vegetables and cold salad, mostly spicy. Because there is a kind of seasoning called "citronella" in the dishes, there is a peculiar smell, which is unacceptable to most people. If you can get used to it, you will also like its unique taste. There is a famous dish in Thai cuisine, which is called "Dongyang Palace" in Thai and "Sour and Hot Shrimp Soup" in Chinese. It is cooked with fresh shrimp and spices such as citronella, wild eggplant, pepper and fresh mushrooms, which has the characteristics of Thai food. Another good dish-curry seafood, such as curry shrimp and curry crab. It's also worth a try. Its taste is different from that of "Dongyang Palace", and everyone can accept it. In addition, there are many varieties of cold salad, but most of them are raw and cold, with peculiar smell, which may not be used to at first. Therefore, when choosing cold salad in buffet, you can taste it before eating it. There are many snacks in Thailand, and they are cheap and good, which are similar all over the country. More common are mixed rice, all kinds of steamed buns, all kinds of soups, desserts and so on. Among them, the snacks in Chinese restaurants are the most distinctive, similar to the morning tea food in Guangdong and Hong Kong. Thailand's barbecue food has a unique flavor, such as grilled squid, which is crispy and delicious, and the more you chew it, the more fragrant it is; Fried bananas have a unique taste. After the banana is peeled, it is fried into brown soft strips, which makes it feel sweet and sour. Zhu Xiang glutinous rice is delicious and sweet. You must try it. In addition, there are roast beef slices, roast chicken breasts, roast prawns, roast chicken wings, and fruit and flavor snacks such as fish, dried bananas, mango strips and durian cakes. Thai drinks are generally coffee, cold boiled water or mineral water, most of which need ice cubes, and there are not many hot teas. Therefore, tourists who are not used to drinking cold boiled water or ice water can bring their own tea and teacups and make tea with the electric kettle prepared by the hotel. If the hotel doesn't have it, please ask the tour guide to try to solve it. Tasting fresh fruit in Thailand is also a pleasure. You can use fruit instead of water. Because Thailand is rich in fruits, the fruits supplied all year round are abundant and the prices are cheaper than those in Hong Kong. The famous four-season fruits in Thailand are durian, mangosteen, rambutan, litchi, longan, mango, pineapple and papaya, among which durian, mangosteen and rambutan are the most distinctive. Malaysia Malaysia has a stronger diet than other countries in Southeast Asia, and likes curry and pepper. Because the local climate is hot and humid, eating some spicy food will make people feel refreshed when sweating. Because they believe in Islam, Malays do not smoke or eat pork, dead animals or animal blood. Malays are used to grabbing food with their right hands. They must wash their hands before eating, and they are very hygienic and polite when eating. Vietnamese cuisine Vietnamese cuisine can usually be divided into three major cuisines. Northern Vietnam is the main birthplace of Vietnamese culture, and many famous dishes (such as Vietnamese rice noodles and Vietnamese rice rolls) originated in the northern region. The dishes in northern Vietnam are more traditional, and the choice of seasonings and raw materials is more strict. South Vietnamese cuisine has been influenced by immigrants from southern China and French colonists in history. Southerners in Vietnam like sweets. As a more diverse region, southerners in Vietnam use more kinds of herbs. The diet in central Vietnam is obviously different from that in the south and north, and the dishes in central Vietnam use more small side dishes, which are more spicy. Exotic meat, such as snake meat, nail fish, dog meat, mutton, etc., is mostly used in drinking, not as a daily dish. Duck eggs, which have been hatched for 15 to 18 days, are about to hatch ducklings, cooked with boiling water, cracked with eggshells, seasoned with salt, etc. Dig with a small spoon. It is usually eaten with fresh vegetables such as Vietnamese coriander, salt, pepper and lime juice.