Safety Information

Traffic safety knowledge

The "six checks" of safety supervision: (1) check ideas; (2) check systems; (3) check measures; (4) check hidden dangers; ( 5) Check for rectification; (6) Check for effects.

The "seven links" between safety management and industry management: (1) Safety management and the issuance and verification of land and water transportation operating licenses; (2) and the review of the qualification level of passenger and cargo transportation enterprises; (3) and the issuance and verification Water and land transportation certificate; (4) and approval of new operating vehicles (vessels); (5) and verification of water and land transportation routes: (6) and issuance of verification and verification of driver’s licenses (crew competency certificates); (7) and review of stations The grade-linked system is referred to as the "seven-linked" system.

Five no-exit system: (1) Failure to leave the station if the driving license, driver’s license, driving permit, road transport certificate, route signboard, or extra-long passenger dispatch notice are incomplete or do not comply with regulations ( 2) The station will not leave the station if the on-site inspection of brakes, lights, steering, wipers, and transmission systems of the registered bus fails; (3) A drunk driver or a bus with less than two drivers on an extra-long night shift will not leave the station; ( 4) The vehicle is too high or overloaded and cannot leave the station; (5) The weather is bad and it is not suitable to drive and cannot leave the station;

What are "three products": explosive, flammable and corrosive dangerous goods.

Control the "five checks": (1) Transportation market access; (2) Driver qualification review; (3) Vehicle inspection; (4) Station "five no-exit checks" "; (5) "Three products" inspection at the station.

What is "anti-violation of three violations": (1) Anti-violation of operations; (2) Anti-violation of command; (3) Violation of labor disciplines.

The "five indicators" of safety assessment: (1) road transportation accident rate; (2) mortality rate; (3) injury rate; (4) economic loss rate; (5) road source mortality rate .

“Three Nos” ships: (1) No ship name and number; (2) No ship certificate; (3) No port of registry.

The "five implementations" of enterprise safety work: (1) organization; (2) personnel; (3) responsibilities; (4) funds; (5) equipment.

"Five Do not sail": (1) Do not sail if it violates relevant national laws, regulations or port and shipping regulations; (2) Do not sail if it is unseaworthy or unfit to be towed; (3) Traffic accident occurs The aircraft will not sail if the post-processing procedures are not cleared; (4) The aircraft will not sail if it fails to pay the required fees to the competent authority or relevant departments, nor provide appropriate guarantees; (5) The aircraft will not sail if it impedes traffic safety.

Anti-"Three Supers":: speeding, overloading, and overtime fatigue driving.

"Three no harms": do not harm others, do not harm yourself, and do not be harmed by others.

"Three single certificates": repair form, process inspection form, completion form, and vehicle maintenance factory certificate.

"Five inspections": 1. The implementation of the safety production responsibility system; 2. Inspection of the establishment, improvement and implementation of the company's safety management rules and regulations; 3. Safety inspections of bus terminals. Focus on the implementation of the "five no exits" management system, "three products" inspections and fire prevention. For passenger terminals that fail to meet the above requirements, the transportation management department will send people to stay on site to supervise rectification; 4. The safety inspection of operating vehicles focuses on checking whether the technical condition of the vehicle is intact, whether a complete technical file of the vehicle has been established, whether the vehicle maintenance system has been adhered to, and vehicles with unqualified technical conditions must be resolutely stopped; 5. Strictly drive correctly. For qualification certification and the issuance of driving licenses, industry management departments and enterprises must conduct an inventory of the driving qualifications of on-the-job employees, and must resolutely implement the provincial government’s requirements that no passenger car must be driven for less than 3 years of driving and less than 50,000 kilometers of safe driving. Reexamine driving qualifications.

"Five Centralizations": "Car registration, household registration, driver's license, driving permit, and insurance card" are centrally managed by the enterprise.

"Five Unifications": Unified labor and personnel management, unified production command and dispatch, unified vehicle technical maintenance management, unified safety and overall insurance management, unified professional ethics education and service quality management.

"Five compliances": service unit, road transport certificate, route plate, door badge, and professional qualification certificate.

Passenger vehicle "five certain" safety management: fixed route, fixed vehicle, fixed driver, fixed vehicle maintenance and inspection person, and fixed operation safety supervision person.

my country’s traffic safety management system: enterprise responsibility, industry management, national supervision, and mass supervision.

"Three grasps and one highlight": grasp the foundation, grasp the source, grasp the implementation, and highlight the key points.

The "Four Principles of No Letting Go" in safety supervision: Don't let go until the cause of the accident is found out, don't let go until the parties and the masses are educated, don't let go until the person responsible for the accident is dealt with, and don't let go until the actual cause of the accident is established. Viable preventive measures should not be neglected.

The new reconstruction and expansion project and the main project must achieve "three simultaneities": simultaneous design, simultaneous construction, and simultaneous production and use.

"Dangerous goods": refers to flammable and explosive goods, dangerous chemicals, radioactive materials and other items that can endanger personal safety and property safety.

Significant hazard sources: refers to units (including places and facilities) that produce, transport, use or store dangerous goods for a long time or temporarily, and the quantity of dangerous goods is equal to or exceeds the critical quantity.

Principles of safety production management: Safety first, prevention first.

Principles for accident investigation and handling:: Seeking truth from facts and respecting science.

The principles of inland river traffic safety management: safety first, prevention first, convenience for the masses, and management in accordance with the law.

Water traffic accidents: refers to incidents such as collision, contact, grounding, wave damage, stranding, fire, explosion, sinking, etc. of ships and floating facilities in inland navigation waters that cause personal casualties and property losses. .

Firefighting policy: Put prevention first and combine prevention with firefighting.

Those with direct leadership responsibility: refer to party members who, within the scope of legal responsibilities, are not responsible for the work they are directly responsible for, do not perform or incorrectly perform their duties, and bear primary leadership responsibility for the losses caused. Leading cadres.

Important leadership responsibilities: refers to those who, within the scope of legal responsibilities, do not perform or incorrectly perform their duties for the work they should be responsible for or the work they should participate in and decide, and are responsible for the losses caused. Party members and leading cadres with secondary leadership responsibilities.

General leadership responsibility: Refers to party members and leading cadres who fail to observe major problems existing in subordinate units or fail to correct them after discovery, resulting in major accidents, and who bear certain leadership responsibility for the losses caused.

Direct economic loss: refers to the actual value of property damage directly related to the behavior of the person directly responsible.

Amount of direct economic loss: refers to the actual amount of loss up to the time of filing the case.

Ten safety management systems:: safety work responsibilities; safety activity system; safety inspection system; safety reward and punishment system; equipment (vehicle and vessel) inspection system; equipment (vehicle and vessel) inspection system; labor protection equipment use system; Safety learning, education, and training systems; job safety technical operating procedures; safety meeting records, telephone records, and accident file management systems.

Safe production: refers to a series of measures and activities taken to prevent personal and equipment accidents during the production process and create a good labor environment and working order. The content includes: formulating labor protection regulations, adopting various technical and organizational measures in safety technology and industrial hygiene, and regularly carrying out mass safety education and safety inspection activities.

"Three checks and one supervision": Strictly control the transportation market access, vehicle technical level, driver qualifications, and strengthen safety supervision of passenger stations.

Safety technology: In order to prevent or eliminate the root causes of accidents, there may be combustion, explosion, electric shock, rolling, and falling from high altitude that may be harmful to the safety and health of workers or damage machinery and equipment during the production process. , dust pollution and other dangerous factors, various technical measures taken from the aspects of design, process, production organization, operation, etc.

Labor protection: Labor protection refers to various measures taken to protect the safety and health of workers engaged in production activities during the production process.

Unsafe behavior: refers to the behavior of operators that violates the production safety system and safe operating procedures. The main manifestations of unsafe behavior are: (1) Wrong operations due to wrong feelings or judgments in normal or abnormal mental states; (2) Unsafe operations due to lack of knowledge and experience; (3) Failure to use Or do not use labor protection supplies correctly as required; (4) Failure to perform operations and warnings to ensure safety; (5) Operate machines and work at unsafe speeds; (6) Use devices that lose safety functions; (7) Use unsafe (8) Unsafe loading, mixing and connecting methods; (9) Working in unsafe locations and with a disregard for safety.

What are the policies, principles and systems for enterprise labor safety work:: The labor safety work of industrial enterprises should rely on technological progress and scientific management, adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first" and "manage production" "Safety must be managed" principle; implement a system that combines corporate responsibility, industry management, national supervision and mass supervision.

Safety responsibilities of enterprise leaders: The legal representative of the enterprise is the first person responsible for safety and is fully responsible for the company's safe production; the leader in charge of safety work of the enterprise is the second person responsible for safety production and is responsible for the company's safety production. The second responsibility is for production safety; the chief engineer and technical director bear technical responsibility; labor safety work is included in target management during the term, and no instructions are allowed in violation of regulations.

What are the safety responsibilities of enterprises: Enterprises must implement national labor safety laws and regulations, adhere to safe and civilized production, equip appropriate safety technical personnel, conduct labor safety education and training for employees, and establish and improve labor safety regulations. Safety responsibility system, job responsibility system and safe operating procedures. Funds for labor safety measures shall be withdrawn and used in accordance with national regulations and shall not be misappropriated for other purposes.

The "Five Simultaneities" of production safety management: The "Five Simultaneities" of production safety refer to: planning, arranging, inspecting, summarizing, and evaluating production work at the same time Work safely.

Classification and content of safety education: Safety education is generally divided into: safety education for cadres, "three-level safety education for new workers entering the factory, safety education for workers in special operations," "four new" (new products, The content of safety education includes eight categories: new technology, new technology, new equipment) safety education, work resumption safety education, job change (job transfer) safety education, safety activity monthly education and daily safety education. , policy and legal education, safety technology knowledge education, advanced experience and accident lessons education, etc.

Special operations: Special operations are a major hazard to the operator himself, especially to the safety of others and surrounding facilities. Factorial operations mainly include: electrical work, metal welding (gas cutting) operations, boiler furnaces, pressure vessel operations, blasting operations, hoisting machinery operations, building aerial operations, high-temperature operations, motor vehicle (ship) driving, underground coal mine gas detection, etc. .

Why people are prone to accidents when they are tired: (1) In a state of fatigue, people's hearing and visual acuity decrease, and their "attention" becomes unstable psychologically. The range becomes smaller, making it difficult to transfer and allocate "attention"; (2) Abnormal reactions may occur after fatigue, such as weaker reactions to stronger stimuli and stronger reactions to weaker stimuli; (3) After fatigue, people make more errors in thinking and judgment, and do not consider potential risk factors and treatment strategies thoroughly. Therefore, accidents are prone to occur when people are in the above state.

What are the "Three Certainties and Four Don'ts" to prevent the rectification of hidden dangers from going through the motions: Three Certainties: Determine personnel, measures, and deadlines; Four Don'ts: Whatever can be solved by the team itself, the team will not push it to the workshop ; The workshop will not be recommended to the factory department: the factory department will not be recommended to the competent bureau (company); the competent bureau (company) will not be referred to the government.

How to exercise the safety management system of mass supervision: Mass safety supervision is the way for employees to supervise and assist administrative leaders at all levels to implement safety production guidelines, policies, and regulations through organizations such as trade unions and workers’ congresses, and continuously Improve working conditions and do a good job in safety management.

According to national standards, casualty accidents are divided into 20 categories: (1) Object strike; (2) Vehicle injury; (3) Mechanical injury; (4) Lifting injury (5) Electric shock; (6 ) Drowning; (7) Burning; (8) Fire; (9) Falling from height; (10) Collapse; (11) Roof collapse; (12) Water penetration; (13) Cannon fire; (14) Gunpowder explosion; (15) Gas explosion; (16) Boiler explosion; (17) Pressurized container explosion; (18) Other explosions; (19) Poisoning and suffocation; (20) Other injuries.

What is the crime of major liability accidents: Article 14 of the Criminal Law stipulates that the crime of major liability accidents refers to employees of enterprises and institutions who are dissatisfied with management, violate rules and regulations, or force workers to work in violation of regulations and take risks. Serious casualty accidents resulted in severe punishment for Yaguo. The criminal subjects are limited to employees of enterprises and institutions, mainly those who are directly engaged in production, science and technology, and production command. Excludes non-productive personnel. The crime of major liability accident is generally the crime of negligence.

Those responsible for accidents should be severely punished: (1) After a serious injury or death accident, concealment, false reporting or deliberate delay in reporting; (2) During the accident investigation, concealment (3) After the accident, due to irresponsibility, failure to actively organize rescue or ineffective rescue, resulting in heavy casualties; (4) Failure to seriously learn lessons and take precautions after the accident Measures taken to cause similar accidents to reoccur; (5) Abuse of power, handling matters without authorization or shielding or shielding those responsible for the accident.

What is fire: Any burning phenomenon that gets out of control and causes damage to property and people.

What are the ignition point, autoignition point and flash point: The ignition point refers to the combustion heat released after a combustible substance is heated and ignited, which enables the substance to produce enough flammable vapor to maintain its combustion; Autoignition point refers to the lowest temperature at which a combustible substance can spontaneously ignite when heated. At a certain temperature, combustible substances are in contact with air (oxygen) and can burn without the action of an open flame; the flash point refers to the mixture of vapor and air emitted by flammable and combustible liquids, which can flash when exposed to a fire source. The lowest burning temperature.

Four don’t let go: Don’t let go until the cause of the accident is clearly identified, don’t let go until the leaders and employees of the unit responsible for the accident are educated, don’t let go until the person responsible for the accident is dealt with, don’t let go until the preventive measures are implemented Let it go.

Four hard measures for safe production: hard measures are needed to strengthen leadership, hard measures are needed for publicity and education, and hard measures are needed for key positions; "Two bases": (basic, grassroots) work must be Hard measures.

The basic principles of safety management in our country: "Whoever is in charge is responsible" and the principle of "going up one level" for accountability.

Driver equipment and driving time: The "Two Ministries and One Bureau" notice requires that passenger vehicles with a one-way distance of more than 100 kilometers (600 kilometers on the highway) must be equipped with more than two drivers. Passenger transport drivers may not drive continuously for more than 3 hours at a time, and the actual driving time within a 24-hour period shall not exceed 8 hours. Passenger buses operating at night (from 22:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m. the next morning) must avoid mountainous roads below level three (including level three).

The driver's "three inspection system": 10 inspections before driving Including: (1) Check whether the lights and turn signals work reliably; (2) Check whether the braking device works well, including inspection of the brakes, brake fluid level and brake tail lights; (3) Check the fuel level; (4) ) Check whether the position of the rearview mirror is appropriate; (5) Check whether the headlights, rear taillights, brake lights and window glass are clean; (6) Check whether the tire pressure and light tire condition are normal; (7) Check the engine lubrication Whether the liquid level meets the requirements; (8) Check whether the wiper and windshield cleaning surfaces and working conditions meet the requirements; (9) Check whether the bolts and nuts of the exposed parts of the vehicle are complete; (10) Start the engine and check whether the engine rotates It is normal. Is there any abnormal sound? Are all instruments and warning lights working normally?

Six checks when stopping during driving include: (1) Check whether the engine and chassis are working normally; (2) Check whether various instruments work effectively and reliably; (3) Check whether the steering gear, handbrake and clutch equipment work normally and reliably; (4) Check the tire pressure and remove inclusions in the tire pattern; (5) Check for water, oil, and air leaks; (6) Inspect the entire vehicle exterior to check for any abnormalities. 13 methods for inspection and maintenance after closing the car: (1) Check whether the engine is running normally and listen for air leaks; (2) Check and replenish fuel, oil, and cooling water; (3) Check and inspect lubrication points according to regulations. Add lubricating oil (grease); (4) Twist the oil filter handle 3-4 turns; (5) Check whether the brake drum is overheated or overheated by hand; (6) Check whether the tire pressure is sufficient; (7) When the temperature is below zero , if there is no antifreeze in the cooling system, the cooling system should be drained; (8) In severely cold areas, the battery should be placed in a warm room; (9) Turn off all switches and buttons; (10) Check and complete the vehicle tools and accessories; (11) Clean the entire exterior of the vehicle, clean the cab and compartment; (12) Check whether the brake fluid level in the master cylinder meets the regulations; (13) Finally press the door switch button, remove the ignition key, and close the door. After the car door is closed, pull it again to see if it is locked.

The "Eight Most" of traffic safety:: The biggest saving is safety; the biggest waste is accidents; the biggest hidden danger is paralysis; the biggest bane is dereliction of duty; the most critical guarantee is leadership; the most effective The method is education; the most reliable measure is inspection; and the most fundamental way is implementation.

The "nine don'ts" for safe driving: (1) The road is wide, the visibility is good, and no hero cars are used; (2) Pedestrians and vehicles block the road illegally, and no gas cars are used; (3) Rich experience , technical proficiency, do not drive an arrogant car; (4) If the line of sight is blocked and the situation is unclear, do not drive an adventure car; (5) At an intersection, the situation is complex, do not drive a lane-rushing car; (6) In urban industrial and mining areas, where people and vehicles are densely packed, do not drive Paralysis car; (7) Do not drive the fatigue car if you are mentally tired and in a daze; (8) Do not drive the sick car if the parts are incomplete or malfunction; (9) Do not drive the impatient car if the task is heavy and time is tight.

The "Twelve Thoughts" for safe driving: Think before getting out of the car, and do not drive with sick vehicles; think about it when the motor starts, concentrate and don't think randomly; think about it when you start, and observe the sound. before passing the car; think about it when meeting another car, slow down first and then stop more politely; think about it when overtaking, and don’t force it before the car in front gives way; think about it when reversing, turn around, and pay attention to pedestrians and obstacles; think about it when passing through villages and towns, Don’t forget to slow down and honk the horn; before crossing a bridge, think about how to give way when you meet on a narrow road; when turning, think about it to prevent vehicles on the left and right; think before a bicycle, if he doesn’t want to avoid it, I will give way first; think about it on the ice and snow road, at low speed It is most appropriate to drive; put the car away and think about it, check the condition of the car and maintain it frequently.

The driver's "cross song" for safe driving:: 1. Persistence: Adhere to the laws, regulations and policies of the party and the state and production safety, firmly establish the idea of ??"safety first, prevention first", and comprehensively complete all production tasks tasks and contribute to the development of the enterprise. 2. Consciousness: (1) Consciously participate in safety learning, continuously improve safety awareness and driving skills, and do a good job in safe production. (2) Consciously abide by rules and disciplines and obey the unit's safety management. 3. Do it frequently: (1) Do frequent inspections (strictly carry out vehicle safety inspections before departure, during driving and after arrival). (2) Fasten frequently: (fasten the screws of tires, ground shafts, rotating shafts, and vehicle components). (3) Adjust frequently (adjust the carburetor, regulator, distributor, clutch stroke, brake clearance, etc. at any time). 4. Drive slowly: (1) When entering or exiting the station, if you find obstacles or unclear conditions, or your vision is unclear, drive slowly. (2) Vehicles must drive slowly when starting, meeting, yielding, reversing, entering the station, and parking. (3) Driving slowly through intersections, narrow roads, narrow roads, curves, dangerous roads, steep slopes, stations, schools, bustling areas and in rain, fog, ice and snow weather, morning and evening, and at night. (4) Drive slowly when encountering over-height, over-length, over-weight, hazardous materials, fire trucks, ambulances, police cars on duty, and limousines. 5. Understand: (1) Understand whether the vehicle condition is good; (2) Understand whether the road conditions are familiar; (3) Understand climate changes and wind and rain; (4) Understand the control of medium-speed driving of vehicles; (5) Understand the dynamics of vehicles, pedestrians, and passengers , especially the activity patterns of students and children.

6. Prevention: (1) Prevent the vehicle in front from sudden emergency braking; (2) Prevent braking and steering parts from malfunctioning; (3) Prevent sudden oncoming traffic at intersections, railway crossings, and sharp bends; (4) Prevent sudden driving after rain, Ice and snow roads, vehicles skidding and overturning; (5) Prevent pedestrians from suddenly crossing the road or livestock running away in fear; (6) Prevent motor vehicles and non-motor vehicles from suddenly cutting and turning in the same direction. 7. Do the following: (1) Drive politely and civilly; (2) Do the five changes (slow down, turn on the turn signal, sound the horn, keep to the right, and be ready to stop at any time). (3) Do not drive reluctantly when braking, turning lights and signaling devices are faulty; (4) Slow down and drive on narrow roads, concentrate and pay attention to the movement of oncoming traffic; (5) Pass through intersections and railway crossings, and do the following: "Look first, slow down twice, pass three times"; (6) When driving, be patient on complicated roads, take effective measures when encountering obstacles, and pay attention when there are many cars and people; (7) Actively assist the public security and transportation agencies in their operations. Carry out traffic order maintenance and accident investigation and handling. 8. Don’t drive: (1) Don’t drive a bully car; (2) Don’t drive a gas car; (3) Don’t drive a lane-stealing car; (4) Don’t drive a speeding car; (5) Don’t drive a fatigue car; (6) Don’t drive a lucky car; (7) Don’t drive an adventure car; (8) Don’t drive a “sick” car. 9. Don’t do: (1) Don’t do things that endanger national security interests; (2) Don’t do things that endanger national property and the safety of people’s lives and property; (3) Don’t do things that endanger collective labor honor; (4) Endanger safety Do not do things related to management, safe driving, and safe production; (5) Do not do things that endanger the safety of pedestrians and passengers; (7) Do not do things that endanger the development of the enterprise; (8) Do not do things that endanger the interests of individuals, teams, and collectives ; (9) Do not do anything that endangers your own safety. 10. Not allowed: (1) Driving without a license is not allowed; (2) Driving while fatigued is not allowed; (3) Drunk driving is not allowed; (4) Vehicles without fire-fighting equipment and safety devices are not allowed to go on the road; (5) No. You are not allowed to park at will to pick up or disembark passengers; (6) You are not allowed to give way to a car without giving way to the speed, or the speed is not allowed to give way; (7) You are not allowed to wear slippers, high heels, bare feet, or drive bareback; (8) You are not allowed to drive in the sight of rain or fog If it is not clear, the light wipers are not used in accordance with the regulations, and the vehicle carries passengers through it at risk; (9) Forcible overtaking is not allowed, and overtaking is strictly prohibited on curves, ramps, bridges, and busy road sections; (10) It is not allowed to look at pagers or talk while driving. Use your cell phone and wear earplugs to listen to music.