Leshan folklore in two couplets

Leshan folklore in two couplets? The story behind Leshan Giant Buddha, article 14? Xu Chengcun

(213-11-19 15:23:36)

Lingyun Mountain, where Leshan Giant Buddha is located, has more "plaques" and "couplets" and is extremely rich in content. Among them, many original works of the ancients were copied. With the development of scenic spots, many good and relatively good works have appeared in newly-built landscapes. Hok Him Wong, director of Leshan Cultural Management Bureau, put it well: "Ancient buildings or antique buildings! If you can't see the couplets inside, you always feel sorry, which means that a person wears a suit but doesn't tie it! What an appropriate and vivid metaphor!

Perhaps this is the case. All the leaders of Lingyun Mountain have paid more attention to this issue. However, when people watch these "plaques" and "couplets", they may not always carefully understand their connotations? In this paper, only two couplets in two newly-built landscapes in Lingyun Mountain are taken as the topics, and the interesting legends and stories contained in the couplets are described:

"Moon Pavilion". Go out from the front door of Dongpo Memorial Hall, go down the stone stairs, and walk to the left, and you will find Meiyuan. Go through the "Meiyuan" and turn left ten steps. The wooden horizontal plaque with the word "Moon Pavilion" written by the famous painter Li Qiongjiu is extremely eye-catching. This exquisite, quaint and elegant Ming and Qing antique building is the "Moon Pavilion".

According to historical records, the "Moon Pavilion" was originally located in the old ancient history city, and Lu You, a patriotic poet in the Song Dynasty, often visited it during his part-time job in ancient history. The name of the "Moon Pavilion" is Chun Ouyang Lu, who is the "Pavilion", the building of the high platform, and the "Moon". Lu You is based on Li Bai's poem "Emei Mountain is half moon and autumn". What a desirable place! Unfortunately, the historical sites have long since disappeared!

in order to inherit the history and record the humanities, I presided over it in 1987, and it was designed and constructed by Zeng Zhiliang, the chief of the Cultural Protection Construction Section of this unit. Let history, a very meaningful ancient cultural landscape, reappear in Lingyun Mountain. "Courtyard" and "courtyard" are intertwined, and "corridor" and "square" are interdependent. Visitors stop at this point! There is a round door in the courtyard, and a picture of couplets on it is not very eye-catching, which often does not attract people's attention!

Part I: "The pole head must carry the land";

bottom line: "Buddha's foot is in limbo".

The author and the calligrapher are the same person, that is, Mr. Wan Yaozong, a calligrapher who participated in the "Leshan Sino-Japanese Calligraphy Pen Club" in Lingyun Mountain and was well received. Couplets with only ten words seem simple, but there are folklore stories that are well known to all ages in ancient history!

"The pole head must carry land". It means that the land in Leshan City was carried by the hoses under the feet of the Buddha's master with the golden bamboo poles in his Dragon Palace.

"Buddha's foot is not like a wave". Leshan Giant Buddha can't "wash his feet", saying that Leshan has been flooded since ancient times, and the feet of the giant Buddha can't be submerged, otherwise Leshan City will be submerged. What a legendary folklore!

To know the ins and outs of the story, we still need to mention "Leshan Giant Buddha-Lingyun Mountain"! It is said that Su Dongpo in Dongpo Memorial Hall was so knowledgeable that the water dragon king of the Dragon Palace in Sanjiang fell in love with him, so he ordered his "third prince" to worship Dongpo as a teacher and often went to Dongpo Memorial Hall to study. The "three princes" are very diligent. They come early and return late all year round, and often haunt the cave at the foot of the giant Buddha. One day, Su Dongpo saw the three princes when they were sad, and asked him why? The "third prince" replied with a sad face: "I heard my father say yesterday that Jiazhou City will soon face sinking, so I am anxious!" Su Dongpo was very surprised and deeply disturbed! So he agreed with the "three princes" to go to the Dragon Palace for help. The dragon king suddenly saw his son's teacher "coming", so he honored Su Dongpo as a guest of honor and asked happily, "Does your husband have to ask for something when he comes?" Su Dongpo quietly replied, "You're right, I want to borrow something from the Dragon King!" The Dragon King said, "There are treasures everywhere in the Dragon Palace, so you can choose!" Su Dongpo said, "You don't need a treasure, just borrow a piece of land from the Dragon King!" The dragon king was deeply surprised! Ask: "What's the use of land? Not worth mentioning! " Su Dongpo replied: "The use of vegetable garden, the need to grow vegetables!" The Dragon King asked, "Where is the best place? Just borrow it! " Su Dongpo looked up at the ancient city of History and said, "That's it! Can you call? " The dragon king readily agreed. Su Dongpo asked knowingly, "There are unexpected events in the sky. Is the land in History safe?" The dragon king replied, "To tell you the truth, there will be a sinking disaster in history soon!" Dongpo's topic changed: "In this case, is it available?" The dragon king smiled: "What's the difficulty? I use gold and bamboo to support each other, which is foolproof! " Su Dongpo was so happy that he just got up to leave, but the Dragon King asked, "When will the teacher return to the ground?" Dongpo never expected that he pretended to be confused in his panic and waved his hand high, which meant that he would never give it back again. But the Dragon King misunderstood Su Dongpo's palm high as "holding out five fingers" and said, "Ah! Got it! When the fifth watch rings, it's time to return to the ground! " Su Dongpo, who is knowledgeable, also ate a "closed door". In the face of embarrassment, I can't say yes and say goodbye quickly. Immediately after landing, he ordered: "The ancient city of Jiazhou is not allowed to play the fifth watch from now on." If the gong doesn't ring, Jiazhou City will be safe forever! "Leshan has never played even since ancient times!" "The flood never floods the Buddha's feet!" Since then, it has become a well-known story of Leshan people, old and young!

"Buddhist paradise". Surrounded by pine and bamboo, surrounded by pink walls, a towering imitation Tang-style palace located above Danxia Peak is the extended landscape of Leshan Giant Buddha's cultural connotation "Buddha Paradise". (This landscape will be described exclusively later.) On the main entrance of the Tianwang Temple, there is a gold-lettered couplet of nanmu.

the first part: "Maitreya's failure to become a Buddha is to make all living beings get a degree";

bottom line: "every man should be kind if he wants to ascend to heaven"!

Two famous cultural figures, cultural relics experts and calligraphers died in Leshan. The former was Luo Mengding and the latter was Tian Jiale. The creation of this couplet by two old gentlemen originated from a Buddhist Sutra Story:

It is said that in the western paradise, one day, two brothers, namely "Sakyamuni Buddha" and "Maitreya Buddha", went out to travel with their teacher "Disha Buddha". Walking, relaxed and happy, they suddenly landed on the earth, walking, walking, and suddenly a high mountain blocked their way. "Bottom Sand" flew up to the top of the mountain with his feet vertical, and laughed heartily, sounding like Hong Zhong, saying, "Listen! With my call, you two will start at once. Whoever can get to me first, our teacher will give way to him, that is, the present Buddha, and vice versa, the future Buddha! " After the words "bottom sand" are finished, "release and increase" are coming! When I turned to look at it, "Maitreya" did not move a step, asking why? "Maitreya" opened the pot-bellied hand-held cloth bag, and said with joy: "Brother goes first, and brother goes to all beings!" The story shows that "Sakyamuni" is the "present Buddha" and "Maitreya" is the "future Buddha".

The author wrote a couplet based on the Buddhist Scripture Story, which means to warn the world that "Maitreya", who has great magical powers, is willing to be only a "future Buddha" for the sake of universal life. And we ordinary people today, if they want to "ascend to heaven" after death in the future, then when they are alive, they must be kind-hearted, do more good things and don't do bad things!

consecutive articles, to be continued?

? November 19th, 213

Ling Yunshan? The story behind Leshan Giant Buddha, the first one? Xu chengcun

? (213-2-28 13::18)

? "The Buddha and the mountain are high, and the mountain is in harmony with the Buddha". This is the shock when I first met Leshan Giant Buddha in the early 195s! When people pay homage to Leshan Giant Buddha, they will definitely associate their association with Lingyun Mountain. The reason is very simple, because the Leshan Giant Buddha was carved along the cliff of Lingyun Mountain. In a sense, if there is no Lingyun Mountain, there may be no Leshan Giant Buddha. To put it more directly: the Leshan Giant Buddha takes Lingyun Mountain as its pure land, and Lingyun Mountain shines because of Leshan Giant Buddha!

"Lingyun Mountain". As the name implies, the ambition is "Lingyun". What a veritable title! Dan Cliff Cliff, lush, mainstay, Wei Town "Three Rivers". Regardless of the "Dadu River" and the "Three Rivers" rushing and "storming the shore", it "stands still"! The raging evil water reached its feet, letting it roar and roar, and finally it had to rush eastward!

The ancients said, "The mountains and rivers in the world are in Shu, and the mountains and rivers in Shu are called history, and the victory of history is called Lingyun". Lingyun Mountain consists of nine small peaks: Lingbao, Wangyun, Jifeng, Qiluan, Yongcui, Danxia, Jiuri, Duiyue and Zhu Rong, so it is called "Lingyun Jiu Feng" or "Xiao Jiu Ben". The ancients once left wonderful poems on every mountain peak. Let's give just one or two examples:

Qiluan Peak: the cliff overhangs skillfully Qiluan, and Maitreya is tired of looking at the sky, with seven floors and 3 feet on the pavilion, and the Tsing Yi River meets Huai 'an.

Lingbao Peak: Lingbao is opened in secret, the cloud roots are broken, and Sanshui trades in ten thousand horses, and the light is seen outside Miluoping. All peaks list this peak.

Being in Lingyun, the bamboo is cultivated in Maolin, and the eaves of Zhulou are painted, with green peaks and mountains, and the scenery is charming. Lingyun Temple, a thousand-year-old temple, is simple, solemn and spotless. Because it is located at the top of Lingyun, there is a saying that "the temple is full of birds, and the Qingfeng Mountain carries Zhu Lou". In the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Lingbao Tower, despite the vicissitudes of life, still stands in peace, with bells hanging from the tower, bells ringing in the wind, and Sanskrit sounds coming from the sky.

Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, countless literati have left their remains here. Su Shi, a writer in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "I don't want to seal Wan Huhou, and I don't want to know Jingzhou in Korea. I hope I can travel in the clouds while carrying wine", which can be recited by primary school students in Leshan City. Enter from the north gate of Lingyun Mountain, climb the stairs along Lingyun plank road, overlook the sky, sail a little, and meet the sky with water and light; Looking back, there are countless traces left by the ancients on the cliff. The most striking thing is the five-character regular script "Su Dongpo travels when he is carrying wine", which is vigorous and vigorous. The "wine-carrying pavilion" on the platform on the right side makes people stop!

Huang Tingjian, who is as famous as Su Shi, suffered from the disorder of the party's authoritarian power. He was full of knowledge and talent, and traveled all over the world. He also left a beautiful poem in Lingyun Mountain: "Lingyun smiled and saw the peach blossom, and he began to get home in 3 years. From then on, he swam to the end of the world with chaos."

A picture of couplets by Yang Sheng 'an, a writer in the Ming Dynasty, directly left Ling Yunshan with a "eternal swan song": "Spring water, autumn moon and winter pines in Xia Yun occupy the scenery of four seasons, and the east Quxi wins the north Lunan, and the golden heaven dominates all laws".

There are many historical sites such as Dongpo Memorial Hall, Haishi Cave, Tibetan Scripture Building and Zhuyi Cave ...

What is more precious is the national first-class cultural relics protection unit-the Tomb of Mahao Cliff in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Tens of thousands of tombs are concentrated in the "Tiger's Head Bend", with multiple layers up and down. Unearthed cultural relics in the museum: sarcophagus, wooden coffins, pottery coffins, pottery houses, pottery horses, pottery chickens, pottery dogs, pottery turtles, and pottery turtles. What's particularly amazing is that many different and lifelike pottery servants, the world-famous carved Maitreya Buddha, happened to be arranged in such a scenic spot. People have to turn their fancy back to Haitong, the founder of Leshan Giant Buddha and a great figure in history.

Let's read it first. It is recorded in the Monument to the Mile Stone Statue of Lingyun Temple in History written by Wei Gao, the late project engineer of Leshan Giant Buddha, Tang Xichuan. In the past, at the foot of Lingyun Mountain, "people roared and roared, thundering for a hundred miles", "demanding payment and hitting the cliff, swinging into alkaline air" and "the boat went with the waves, and no one remained". It vividly describes the ancient history in history, the severe situation of the Three Rivers rushing straight to Lingyun Mountain, the flood, the shipwreck and the death of people. In order to eradicate the "water disaster", Haitong, a monk, with his fearless spirit of "gouging out one's own eyes, making a fortune is rare", went around begging for alms and directly directed the huge project of "thousands of people exert their strength and struggle together". As you can imagine, under the historical conditions at that time, as the poem of Qin Shen, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, said, "The wall is in the air, and I am so happy that I can climb to the top, only then can I know that the universe is vast and look down at the three rivers." Haitong is not afraid of difficulties and dangers, commanding the project of carving Buddha under the extremely dangerous conditions of cliffs and stormy waves.

If we look at the problem from today's point of view, can we come to the conclusion that Haitong is not only a master of compassion and Buddhism. He is also a warrior who saves people's suffering, fights the heavens and the earth, and cuts mountains and waters. From the perspective of architecture, he was really a well-read and scientifically leading designer and engineer under the historical conditions at that time, and from the perspective of fine arts, he could completely act as an artist proficient in aesthetics.

However, Haitong died before it was finished because of the huge project of carving Buddha statues and the long construction period! His spirit deeply touched the "official" at that time. Then, Zhang Qiu and Qiong, the interview and making envoy of Jiannan and Xichuan, and Wei Gao, the ambassador of Xichuan, presided over it successively before it was completed.

A historical figure like Haitong can be said to be rare from ancient times to the present. His intelligence lies in facing the reality, adapting to local conditions, promoting advantages and avoiding disadvantages, taking the form of mountains, chiseling cliffs to build buddhas, throwing stones to fill rivers, and slowing down the rush. That is, it has achieved the goal of avoiding "water disasters" and "icing on the cake" for this beautiful picture of Ling Yunshan. From the perspective of the historical environment, a good situation in which mountains, water, buddhas and cities complement each other and blend together has been formed, which has made this beautiful picture of ancient history more unique!

Of course, the essence of this "Superman" masterpiece is concentrated in the Buddha statue itself, which is kind-hearted, dignified and seated, with smooth lines and well-balanced comparison. However, when he chiseled the main body of the Buddha statue, he also made an extremely careful and comprehensive consideration of the surrounding environment that matched the main body of the Buddha statue. He cleverly placed the seat of the Buddha statue in an important position overlooking Emei, the "Three Rivers" of Megatron and the "Water Disaster" of Zhidang. The Buddha statue, with its feet on the lotus, is impressive and awe-inspiring. On the rock walls on both sides of the Linjiang River, two majestic King Kong statues are symmetrically engraved. What is particularly fascinating is the "Jiuqu plank road" carved at the same time. On the stone wall on the right side of the Buddha statue, it circled nine times from bottom to top until it reached the top of Lingyun. People are there, whether from top to bottom or from bottom to top, as long as they get to the half of the "Nine Songs", they feel unreal and empty, step by step like a cloud, like a fairyland. I can look down and feel dizzy in the abyss of dangerous rocks. Perhaps you will naturally think of Li Bai's poem: "Thanks for your shoes, up a ladder of blue cloud, sunny ocean half-way, holy cock-crow in space". Some people say: "Infinite scenery is on a dangerous peak", and the more dangerous the place, the better the scenery will be. This statement may have some truth.

It is also worth mentioning that when people climb the Jiuqu plank road, they should never forget the extremely precious two reliefs of the Tang Dynasty remaining on the rock wall of the plank road. It is a well-preserved cliff statue among thousands of original niches on both sides of the Maitreya statue. Although the weathering is seriously incomplete, some parts are still very clear, with exquisite carving, vivid characters and beautiful lines. It is also engraved with pavilions and pavilions, which are valuable materials for studying the architecture and stone carving art of the Tang Dynasty.

After climbing the plank road to Lingyun, a quaint and unique gallery pavilion immediately appeared. In the Ming Dynasty, Yuan Zirang was full of praise for this pavilion: "There are three towering pavilions, the water comes from the sky, the smoke is extremely eye-catching, and the green fields are endless", which is called "the pavilion near the river".

Lingyun Mountain is really a treasure house of cultural relics and a paradise of calligraphy. With its irreplaceable physical witness, she has been praised as

a famous Buddhist shrine in China and a national-level scenic spot.

The Leshan Giant Buddha, the world's largest and world-renowned, was founded in the early years of the Kaiyuan reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 713). Its project spanned 9 years and experienced four emperors. It was completed in the 19th year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (AD 83). It reflects the intelligence and perseverance of the Chinese nation with indisputable facts! Tonggao