Recognition of one's duties in classical Chinese

1. The word "Lu" appears in classical Chinese

Zheng people buy shoes, a Han fable in the pre-Qin era. It is an idiom, an allusion, and a fable. It tells the story of the Zheng people who believed too much in "measures" and therefore could not buy shoes. It reveals the Zheng people's dogmatic mentality and habit of relying on data. It is often used as a metaphor for people who are rigid in doing things and cannot be flexible.

Original text

People in Zheng who want to ② buy shoes ③ should first take care of their feet and then sit on them. Go to the market and forget to operate it. When he had already taken it, he said, "I forgot to hold on to it." Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Translation

There was a man from Zheng who wanted to buy shoes. He first measured them. Find out the size of your feet, and then put the measured size on his seat. When he arrived at the market, he forgot to bring the quantity and size. He had already picked out his shoes, and then he said, "I forgot to bring the size." So he returned home to get the size. When he returned to the market, the market had closed and he ended up not buying any shoes. Someone asked: "Why don't you use your feet to try on the size of the shoes?" He said: "I would rather believe in the measured size than my own feet."

< p> Comment

This Zheng Guoren made the mistake of dogmatism. He only believed in the size obtained by measuring his feet instead of his own feet. Not only did he make a big joke, but he couldn't even buy shoes and became the butt of the joke. In real life, it may not happen that you only trust your foot size when buying shoes, but not your feet, right? But there are indeed people like this. Some people speak, do things, and think about problems only from books, not from reality; they believe what is written in books, and they do not believe what is not written in books but actually exists. In the eyes of such people, only what is written in books is the truth, and what is not written is not the truth. In this way, thoughts will of course become rigid and actions will hit a wall. 2. Answers to the classical Chinese essay about Linshi receiving the shoes

Original text:

Liu Ningzhi thought that ① the person recognized the shoes ② he had written, so he gave them to him. This person later gained and lost the shoes, so he returned them and did not give them back. He was willing to take it back. And Shen Linshi also recognized the shoes for his neighbor. Linshi smiled and said, "Is this Qing's shoe?" Yeah?" Accept it with a smile.

Although this is a small matter, ④ people should behave like Linshi, not like Ningzhi. (Selected from "Dongpo Zhilin")

< p> Notes:

①For: Being. ②Written by: Shoes worn. ③Qing: You. ④Ran: But, turning conjunction.

Translation:

Liu Ningzhi was pointed out that the shoes he was wearing belonged to this person, so he gave his shoes to him. The person later found the lost shoes and returned Liu Ningzhi's shoes. Liu Ningzhi refused to ask for them again. Shen Linshi was also identified by his neighbor and said that the shoes he was wearing belonged to his neighbor. Shen Linshi smiled and said, "They are your shoes." He gave them to him. The neighbor later found the lost shoes and sent back Shen Linshi's shoes. Shen Linshi said: "Aren't they your shoes?" He accepted them with a smile.

Although this is a small matter, you should behave like Shen Linshi and not like Liu Ningzhi.

The above is for reference only, I hope It will be helpful to you 3. Translation of Suspected Person Stealing the Friend's Footwear

Original text:

In the past, a man from Chu stayed in the house of his friend, and his servant stole his friend's footwear and returned to Chu. People don’t know. It is appropriate for his servants to walk in the street, but for private servants to be straight and steal the shoes to enter, the Chu people don't know it. The next day, a friend came over and saw his shoes on the feet of a Chu man. He was horrified and said: "I doubt it, and it turns out that my shoes were stolen." Then he stopped him. When he was over a year old, things got violent. A friend came to visit someone from Chu, and he regretted and said, "I didn't know my son, and it was my fault that I doubted him. Please treat him as before."

(Selected from "A View of Fables of the Past", author Wang Shouren)

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Translation:

Once upon a time, there was a man in the state of Chu who stayed at a friend's house at night. His servant The man came back from stealing his friend's shoes without his knowledge. It happened that he asked his servant to go to the shoe store to buy shoes. The servant hid the money for the shoes and gave the stolen shoes to him without the knowledge of the man. One day, his friend came to visit him and saw his shoes on this man's feet. He was shocked and said, "I suspected it was you, but it was you who stole my shoes." So he broke up with him.

A year later, when the matter was exposed, his friend came to the man's home and apologized to him: "I didn't know you, but I mistakenly doubted you. This is my sin. Please treat me as a friend as before."

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Word interpretation:

Formerly: Once upon a time

In: In

Steal: To steal

Wear: shoes

Return: come back

Suitable: just in time, coincidentally

Make: let

Market: buy

House: market

Private: embezzle

To: take

Tomorrow: another day

< p> Pass: Visit

Shock: Surprise

Solid: Originally

Fruit: Sure enough.

Ran: like this

Sui: so

Jue: cut off

Over: passed

Violent: Exposed

Heel: Arrive, go

Xie: Apologize

Miao: Same as "fallacy", wrong

Sin: Sin

Reason:

In our lives, misunderstanding of others often happens, but it is also commendable if we have the courage to admit our mistakes at the time. 4. Zheng people's actual shoes (ancient text and translation)

If a Zheng person wants to buy a shoe, he first puts it on his feet and sits on it. Go to the market and forget to do it. When he had already taken it, he said, "I forgot to hold on to it." Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Translation

There was a man in the state of Zheng who wanted to buy shoes. Use a piece of string at home to measure your feet, and then put the measured size on the seat. He went to the market in a hurry and forgot to bring the size. He had already gotten the shoes, but said, "I forgot to bring the size." He went home to get them. When he came back, the market had closed and he didn't buy any shoes after all.

Someone asked him: "Why don't you try the size of the shoes on your own feet?" He replied: "I would rather believe in the size than my own feet!" 5. Zheng Ren's real shoes (Old text and translation)

Original text

The people of Zheng who have shoes and put them on their shoes first take care of themselves and put them on their seats. When they get to the market and forget to take care of them, they already have the shoes. Said: "I forgot to uphold the measure." Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties.

People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Text version

Zheng people have desires Those who buy shoes should first hold their feet and place them to sit on. Go to the market and forget to do it. Having already obtained it, he said: "I forgot to uphold the measure." Instead, he returned to take it. When he rebelled, he was dismissed from the market and could not carry out his duties. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Translation

There was a man in the state of Zheng who wanted to buy shoes. Use a piece of string at home to measure your feet, and then put the measured size on the seat. He went to the market in a hurry and forgot to bring the size. He had already gotten the shoes, but said, "I forgot to bring the size." He went home to get them. When he came back, the market had closed and he didn't buy any shoes after all.

Someone asked him: "Why don't you try the size of the shoes on your own feet?" He replied: "I would rather believe in the size than my own feet!"

Notes

Zheng - the name of a small country in the Spring and Autumn Period, in present-day Xinzheng County, Henan Province.

Lu - Yinlu, leather shoes, shoes.

Degree - the sound duó means to think about degree. It is used as a verb here, which means to calculate and measure. The following word for degree, yindu (dù), is used as a noun, which is ruler.

It is a pronoun in classical Chinese, which refers to good size.

Sitting - Sitting together is a seat, which refers to furniture such as chairs and stools.

Cao - Manage, meaning to bring or hold.

Forget it - forget it, it means to finish, here it means that the market has been disbanded.

Nothing - nothingness, nothing, here means cannot, cannot.

6. Classical Chinese translation of Zheng Ren Buying Lu

Basic information Zheng Ren Buying Lu: "Idiom Dictionary" states that "Huainanzi·Shuo Lin Xun": "The husband raises and harms what he raises, just like cutting off his feet. But if you are suitable for wearing shoes, you will be crowned after beheading."

Note: Lexicologist Mr. Wang Guanghan's "Research on Dictionary Issues - A Brief Discussion on the Origin of Idioms" pointed out: There is neither a Zheng person nor a buying shoe in the article. Why? Become a "source"? This sentence should come from "Han Feizi·Wai Chu Shuo Upper Left": "If a Zheng man wants to buy a shoe, he first puts it on his feet and then puts it to sit on. When he comes to the market and forgets to move it, he has already bought the shoe, so he says:' I forgot to hold on to it, so I returned to it. When the market stopped, I couldn't do it. People said: "Why not try it?" He said: "I would rather trust it than have confidence." '" Original text: If a Zheng person wants to buy shoes, he first measures his feet and then sits on them. Go to the market and forget to operate it.

Having already taken it, he said: "I forgot to uphold the measure." Instead, he returned to take it.

If he rebels, the market will be closed and he will not be able to perform. People said: "Why not give it a try?" He said: "It is better to have faith than to have confidence."

Edit this paragraph Translation There was a man from Zheng who wanted to buy shoes. He first measured his feet. size and placed it on his seat. When he arrived at the market, he forgot to bring the quantity and size.

After he got the shoes, he said, "I forgot to bring the size." So he went back to get the size.

When he returned, the market had closed and the shoe sellers had left. He ended up not buying any shoes. Someone asked: "Why don't you try it on your feet?" He said: "I would rather believe in the measured size than my own feet."

Editor's Notes for this paragraph Zheng: A small country in the Spring and Autumn Period The name is located in present-day Xinzheng County, Henan Province. By:.

people.

(Attributive postposition) Desire: Want. First: first.

Degree (duó): the measure of length. And: then.

Place: put, put aside. It: pronoun, it, here refers to the good size.

Its: His. Sitting: Tongjia: the same as "seat"; seat.

To: To. Of: Arrive.

Go.

Fuck: take, carry. Already: Already.

Get: get; get. Shoes: shoes.

Nai: Talent. Hold: take.

Degree (dù): measured size. Anti: Tongjia: the same as "hui"; return.

City: bazaar, market. Stop: disperse, end, stop.

Sui: Finally. Said: Yes.

Say.

Ning (nìng): Rather. None: No.

Confidence: Believe in yourself. And: think.

Edit this paragraph with Chinese characters: 1. The "si" in "Zhi Qi Si" is the same as "seat", which refers to the seat. To place on his stool.

2. The "anti" in "turn back to get it. And turn back" is the same as "turn back", which means returning.

Return to get size. Edit this paragraph to note that the pronunciation of the word is: lǚ, the side sound, the third tone is pronounced: duó, the second tone is pronounced ning: nìng, the nasal sound, the fourth tone is pronounced suì, which is very common with new words, and the fourth tone edits the meaning of this paragraph : It satirizes people who are stubborn, rigid, ignorant of flexibility, and do not know how to adopt flexible countermeasures based on objective reality.

Edit the topic of this paragraph. This story tells us that we should pay attention to reality when dealing with things and not stick to the rules. ?Word explanation Explanation: Used to satirize people who only believe in dogma, are unrealistic, and rigidly adhere to it.

?From "Han Feizi·Wai Chu Shuo (top left)": "If the people of Zheng want to buy a shoe, they first find their feet, then put it to sit on. When they get to the market, they forget to take care of it, and they have already obtained it." He said: "I forgot to hold on to it." He returned to take it, and when he was beaten, he could not walk."

Han Feizi (about 280 BC - 233 BC) was Han Fei. A thinker and politician in the late Warring States period of our country.

He was a student of Xun Qing, a famous thinker at that time. Han Fei inherited and developed Xunzi's Legalist thoughts, absorbed his previous Legalist theories, and became the master of Legalism.

In the fourteenth year of Qin Shihuang (233 BC), he was killed in Qin due to Li Si's slander.

Later generations of his works were called "Han Feizi", and there are 55 extant works.

He opposed the hierarchical system centered on blood, and advocated the equality of "nobles" and "people" (mobs); opposed "employment of relatives" and advocated "employment of merit"; and opposed Confucian "rule by etiquette" , advocating "rule of law"; at the same time, "shu" (the means by which the monarch controls his subjects) and "shi" (the monarch's power) are also proposed to complement "law". Grammatical subject-predicate sentence patterns are used as attributives and adverbials, and are derogatory idioms.

Edit the synonyms of this paragraph, copy the dogma by rote, stick to the dogma, stick to the rules, be stubborn, wait for the rabbit. Edit the antonyms of this paragraph, act by ear, adapt to circumstances, make wisdom out of haste. Edit the comments of this paragraph. This Zheng Guoren made the mistake of dogmatism. He only believed in the size obtained by measuring his feet instead of his own feet. Not only did he make a big joke, but he couldn't even buy shoes.

In real life, when buying shoes, you only believe in the foot size and not the feet. Maybe it doesn’t happen, right? But there are indeed people like this. Some people talk, do things, and think about problems only from books, not from reality; they believe what is written in books, but they do not believe what is not written in books but actually exists.

In the eyes of such people, only what is written in books is the truth, and what is not written is not the truth. In this way, thoughts will of course become rigid and actions will hit a wall.

Edit this paragraph reading exercises 1. "Zheng Ren Buys Shoes" is selected from "Han Feizi", written by Han Fei, a native of the Warring States Period. 2. Give phonetic notation to the following words.

①邰（lǚ） ②宁（nìng） 3. Explain the words. (1) Shoe (shoes) (2) Cao (carry) (3) Ning (rather) (4) Stop (scatter) 4. Translate the following sentences.

① If you rebel, the market will be dismissed and you will not be able to perform. : By the time you return to the market, the market has ended.

So I didn’t buy any shoes. ② It is better to be trustworthy than to be confident.

: (I) would rather trust the good size than trust my own feet. ③ First lift his feet and place them on his back to sit.

: First, measure the size of your feet, and then put them on your seat. 5. What truth does this fable contain? You can't stick to dogma when doing things, you have to learn to be flexible.

6. Please write down at least two idioms with the word "邰". An Chang Lushun Postscript to the Mountains and Rivers 7. Tongjia Zizai: seat, seat Anti: return, return 8. What kind of person does this short essay satirize? It satirizes the kind of people who are stubborn, do not know how to adapt, and do not know how to adopt flexible countermeasures based on objective reality.