After entering the 1960s, what challenges did tank weapons face?

Since the 1960s, tank weapons have been challenged in all aspects. The first challenge was the birth of anti-tank missiles, which led to the emergence of "Land of Kings" II. 1944 At the end of World War II, German fascists developed an anti-tank missile codenamed "X-7" by their Army Weapons Bureau in order to deal with Soviet tanks. But its birth did bring an ominous sign to the tank that just put on the "crown". After the end of World War II, anti-tank missiles grew rapidly, and eventually the tanks were hit hard in the fourth Middle East war that broke out in 1974. The throne of the "king of the land" has been seriously impacted. So "King of the Marines" II bravely met this challenge, and let his skills continue to grow, arming himself with new technologies and tricks. This is the second generation tank after the war, that is, the first generation of main battle tanks, which appeared in the 1960 s. Its firepower and comprehensive protection reach or exceed the level of heavy tanks in the past, and it also has the advantage of strong mobility of medium-sized tanks, which can play the role of two tanks at the same time in combat. In this way, the development of traditional medium-sized tanks and heavy tanks has lost its value. So in the tank family, there is no longer a distinction between medium and heavy, and the "new boss" of the tank brothers-the main battle tank appeared. Since then, tanks have entered the "modern society". The weight of main battle tanks is equivalent to that of heavy tanks, reaching 36 ~ 57 tons, and some even reaching 60 tons, but not as heavy as heavy tanks. This is because its armor is thick, but it is flexible and has many other protective facilities. Moreover, the firepower of the main battle tank has become more powerful, and the rifling guns from 105 to 120 mm are widely used. In addition to powerful firepower, it is more important to have higher shooting accuracy, because modern fire control systems are widely used in main battle tanks. This fire control system takes the fire control computer as the core, and consists of gun bidirectional stabilizer, various sensors, rangefinder, sight, etc. Although the main battle tank is heavy, it is flexible and agile. The maximum speed reaches 50 km/h, and it only takes 12 ~ 16 seconds to accelerate from a static start to 32 km/h, which shows that modern tanks not only run fast, but also have good explosive power, which can make them stop in an emergency, make them make various complicated actions, get rid of the tracking of anti-tank missiles and reduce the chance of being hit. Representatives of this generation of main battle tanks are: Soviet T-62, American M60 series, German Leopard 1 series, British Chifutan, French AMX-30 and so on. A wave of unrest, another wave. The rise of anti-tank helicopter gunships poses a new and greater threat to tanks. Especially after the 1980s, the new product of anti-tank missiles-automatic guided missiles equipped with armed helicopters greatly improved the attack capability of armed helicopters on armored targets on the ground, and special anti-tank helicopters appeared. Anti-tank helicopters are obviously superior to ground tanks in firepower, range, accuracy and vision. As a result, some people questioned the "kingship" of tanks and predicted that "the status of tanks as the main weapons on land will give way to helicopters". At this time, the "king of land warfare" II had to give way to the "king of land warfare" III, which is the second-generation main battle tank. Its overall performance has been significantly improved, and most of them use 120mm or 125mm high-pressure muskets. Some tank guns have automatic loaders, which can fire many kinds of bombs and even anti-tank missiles. Generally, it can penetrate high-quality steel armor above 500 mm, and the direct combat distance is 1800 ~ 2200m. As the most advanced main battle tank, it is generally equipped with a fire control system centered on an electronic computer. At the same time, the protection is greatly improved. In addition to improving the bulletproof appearance, reducing the height of the car and increasing the inclination angle of the front armor, almost all of them are made of metal and nonmetal composite armor. Manipulation is not the same as that of the previous generation. Representative models are: Soviet T-64, T-72, T-80 series, Black Hawk, American M 1A 1A2, German Leopard 2 series, British Challenger series and French leclerc series.