Lingbao Huangdi Legend The Death of Huangdi

There is a huangling county in the middle of Shaanxi Province and a Qiao Shan in the north of huangling county. On the top of Qiao Shan, there is a tall mausoleum. This is the tomb of Huangdi, the legendary ancestor of the Chinese nation. People called it Huangling, so the county originally called "Central" was renamed huangling county.

The Huangdi Mausoleum is magnificent. According to ancient records, it is surrounded by mountains and waters: "Its mountains are like bridges, surrounded by meandering water". Huangling is surrounded by the ups and downs of the northern Shaanxi Plateau, where there are many ancient cypresses, lush trees and towering trees, symbolizing the ancient, tall and energetic Chinese nation.

Legend has it that this Huangdi Mausoleum existed in the Han Dynasty. Sima Qian's Historical Records records that "the Yellow Emperor was buried in Qiao Shan". The famous emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wudi, once came here to offer sacrifices. There is another episode about this: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty traveled north to Shuofang (now Hetao area in Inner Mongolia) and returned south, and more than 100,000 troops passed through Qiao Shan. When he saw the Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, he suddenly thought of a question and said to his liegeman, "I heard that the Yellow Emperor didn't die, and now his grave has appeared. What is the reason? " The liegeman replied, "The Yellow Emperor became an immortal and went to heaven. This mausoleum belongs to the Yellow Emperor, and his clothes were buried in memory of him. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang, the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and Kangxi, the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, also wrote their own eulogies to offer sacrifices to Huangling. All these show that the sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor has a long history in China.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, there were also grand sacrificial ceremonies in Tomb-Sweeping Day Huangling and the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region from 65438 to 0937. On April 6th this year, Xinhua Daily, which was published in northern Shaanxi at that time, had a very striking report on this activity: the Chinese Soviet Union and the central government of China sent Lin as a representative to attend this nationwide grave-sweeping ceremony to show their determination to be pioneers in resisting Japan and saving the nation. Chairman Mao and Commander-in-Chief Zhu also personally wrote Ode to the Yellow Emperor, which greatly appreciated the contribution of the Yellow Emperor: "The ancestor of harmony is Wuhuazhao (meaning the beginning); Yan Yan (the continuation of future generations) snake face (the country of longevity), Yue 'e (the mountain) and a vast river. Smart and wise, the light is far (far and near); Build this great cause and stand tall in the East. " The memorial hall regards the Yellow Emperor as the spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation to resist foreign aggression and revitalize the motherland. Lu Xun also regarded the Yellow Emperor as a great national symbol. He said in a poem: "I recommend Xuanyuan with blood", that is to say, I will defend the Chinese nation with my own blood. In recent years, every time you go to Tomb-Sweeping Day, people from China will come to the Huangdi Mausoleum to pay tribute to the ancestors of this nation. When compatriots from Taiwan Province Province and overseas Chinese come to the mainland, almost all of them will come here to seek their roots and pay homage to their ancestors. People regard the Yellow Emperor as a symbol of the Chinese nation.

Five thousand years later, the image of the Yellow Emperor has always inspired the Chinese nation to work hard and make more contributions to mankind.

What kind of person is the Yellow Emperor? What contribution has he made to our country? Unfortunately, the Yellow Emperor is too far away from us. It is difficult to understand his deeds. Only with the help of ancient myths and legends can we outline his great image. This is explained in ancient books. The book Huai Nan Zi said: "Middle Earth is also the Yellow Emperor, and its auxiliary (assisting) Houtu (the god of soil management) holds the rope (dharma) and controls the four directions." This means that because the Yellow Emperor is the central leader in charge of the Quartet, specializing in land, the land is yellow, hence the name "Yellow Emperor". Why is the Yellow Emperor also called Xuanyuan? According to historical records, the Yellow Emperor once invented a chariot fighting method. When fighting, soldiers stand on chariots; During the armistice break, the chariots were connected in a circle with the commander in the middle, leaving only one vacancy as the entrance to protect the commander. The ancients called the chariot with curtain "Xuan", and the space between the two cars was "Yuan". Because the Yellow Emperor was the inventor of this vehicle tactic, later people called him Xuanyuan.

From a scientific point of view, the Yellow Emperor is probably the leader of a tribal alliance in the patriarchal clan commune era at the end of primitive society in China. At that time, tribes and clans lived together, and classes and countries had not yet appeared. The historical records of the tribes in the Yellow Emperor are different. Some people say that the Yellow Emperor once lived in a mountain bend in Zhuolu County, Hebei Province, which is called "Zhuoluye" in history books. It is also said that his tribe lives in Xinzheng, Henan Province, and is called the "Hill of Xuanyuan". This shows that it was not completely settled at that time, and tribes often migrated. Huangdi tribes generally live along the Yellow River in Shaanxi, Henan and Hebei today. According to legend, the Yellow Emperor was a very clever and capable person. He not only calculated astronomy, worked out the earliest calendar in China, but also made cars, boats and compass cars. He is also proficient in medical skills, and worked out a set of diagnosis and treatment methods with Qi Bo, an imperial doctor. The dialogue between him and Qi Bo about medicine was compiled into China's earliest medical work Huangdi Neijing by later generations. Huang Di's wife Lei Zu is also very capable. She taught people to raise silkworms and summed up a set of experiences in raising silkworms, reeling and weaving silk. Since then, people can not only make clothes, but also make crowns and shoes, dressing up from top to bottom, completely changing the original habit of wearing leaves and skins in ancient times. In ancient times, people were limited by drinking water and lived by the river, so it was inconvenient for herders to chase water plants. When the Yellow Emperor invented wells, people could develop them far away from rivers. At that time, people could not build houses, dig holes in the wild or build wooden nests; It was the Yellow Emperor who taught people to "cut trees to make palace treasures, build buildings upstairs and downstairs to avoid the wind and rain". The Yellow Emperor has many talented people, all of whom can give full play to their specialties. For example, the philologist Cang Xie created hieroglyphics, and the musician Ling Lun divided the twelve scales into music. Li Shou, who is proficient in mathematics, made various weights and measures and so on. Of course, these inventions are mixed with many myths and legends. In fact, any invention will never be attributed to one or two people. These records in history only reflect the wisdom and wisdom of our ancestors in the era of the Yellow Emperor. The Yellow Emperor, because he was unanimously recognized by ancient scholars as the ancestor of China, people pushed all civilized systems away from him. "

The Yellow Emperor is also the representative of ancient justice. According to ancient books, he was just and won the support of many neighboring tribes. At that time, Chiyou, the leader of a tribe in the south, was brave and good at fighting. With his powerful strength, he often attacked other tribes, burning and looting, making it impossible for people to live a stable life. Chiyou pointed the finger at the Yan Di tribe allied with the Yellow Emperor, and drove the Yan Di tribe to Zhuolu area in Hebei Province controlled by the Yellow Emperor. Chiyou pursued the victory and followed Zhuolu again. Here, we finally launched a fierce battle with the Yellow Emperor tribe. The battle of Zhuolu is a rather bitter war in ancient legends of China. Legend has it that Chiyou asked Fengbo and Rain Master to cast spells, and suddenly it was stormy, which made the followers of the Yellow Emperor lose their way. The Yellow Emperor set up a surprise attack formation. Before defeating Chiyou, he used a compass made after the wind to identify the wind direction. The Yellow Emperor caught Chiyou and killed him. He took Chiyou's head back to Zhuolu and buried it there. There is still a tomb of Chiyou in Zhuolu County, southeast of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province.

After defeating Chiyou, the Yellow Emperor gained higher prestige and was honored as the tribal leader of the Central Plains. Later, Huangdi tribe and Yan Di tribe merged, collectively known as Huaxia tribe. The Chinese nation is the predecessor of the Chinese nation. The Chinese nation has called itself "descendants of the Yellow Emperor" for generations. According to ancient records, Yao, Shun and Yu who appeared after the Yellow Emperor in China's history, as well as Xia, Shang and Zhou, were descendants of the Yellow Emperor. Not only the Han people in the Central Plains say so, but also the Huns in the north, the Qiang people in the west (Qiang people, a minority in northwest China, living in Qinghai) and some ethnic minorities in the south all claim to be descendants of China.

There is also a beautiful myth about the death of the Yellow Emperor. It is said that he is not dead, and his final destination is Lapras's ascension to heaven. Therefore, there is a stone tablet on the front of the wall in front of Huangling, Shaanxi Province, engraved with four Chinese characters, called "Yu Long of Qiaoshan", which refers to this story. This shows that the Yellow Emperor is very respected by people. People don't want him to die, but they want him to live forever. This myth expresses the good wishes of his tribe and future generations.