Who knows where Huai'an is?

Huaian, with a history of more than 2,200 years, was once a place where ships from the south and horses from the north met. It was at its peak during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and was known as the "Four Cities" along with Yangzhou, Suzhou and Hangzhou along the canal. It enjoys the reputation of "the magnificent first state in the southeast".

Huai'an has a long history of talented people. Zhou Enlai, the founding prime minister of the Communist Party of China and the Republic of China, was born here. In addition, there are Han Xin, a military strategist in the Han Dynasty, Mei Cheng, a poet and poet in the Han Dynasty, Liang Hongyu, the anti-gold heroine, and "Journey to the West" The author Wu Cheng'en, the national hero Guan Tianpei, etc., and the author of "Lao Can's Travels" Liu E also created the masterpiece "Lao Can's Travels" during his long-term settlement in Huai'an.

Huai'an not only has outstanding people, but also has beautiful scenery. Along the Grand Canal and around Hongze Lake, you can not only appreciate the natural scenery, but also view historical sites. The Xuyi First Mountain National Forest Park and Mingzu Mausoleum within the territory, as well as the beautiful river and lake scenery, provide broad space for the development of Huaian's tourism industry in the new century.

Overview of Huaian

Area code: 0517

Postal code: 223000

Location: Located in the hinterland of the Northern Jiangsu Plain, between the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the ancient Huaihe River At the intersection, there is Hongze Lake, one of the five largest freshwater lakes in the country. The city has a total area of ??10,100 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 3,218 square kilometers.

Population: The city’s total population is nearly 5 million, including 2.46 million in the urban area.

District: It governs Qinghe District, Qingpu District, Huaiyin District (formerly Huaiyin County), Chuzhou District (formerly county-level Huai'an City) and 4 counties: Jinhu, Xuyi, Lianshui and Hongze.

Huai'an was originally named Huaiyin, and was renamed Huai'an on February 1, 2001. Huai'an City is an important transportation hub in Jiangsu Province. It has been an important military location throughout the ages. The train service began in 2005, bidding farewell to the history of no trains in northern Jiangsu.

Administrative divisions

In 2005, Huaian City administered 4 municipal districts and 4 counties.

Huaian City covers an area of ??8,962 square kilometers and has a population of 5.23 million (2004).

Qinghe District covers an area of ??134 square kilometers and has a population of 320,000. Postal code 223001.

Qingpu District covers an area of ??293 square kilometers and has a population of 320,000. Postal code 223002. The District People's Government is located at No. 66, Chengde South Road.

Chuzhou District covers an area of ??1,439 square kilometers and has a population of 1.19 million. Postal code 223200. The District People's Government is located in Huaicheng Town.

Huaiyin District covers an area of ??1,264 square kilometers and has a population of 870,000. Postal code 223300. The District People's Government is located in Wangying Town.

Jinhu County covers an area of ??737 square kilometers and has a population of 360,000. Postal code 211600. The County People's Government is located in Licheng Town.

Xuyi County covers an area of ??2,430 square kilometers and has a population of 740,000. Postal code 211700. The County People's Government is located in Xucheng Town.

Hongze County covers an area of ??1,009 square kilometers and has a population of 390,000. Postal code 223100. The County People's Government is located in Gaoliangjian Town.

Lianshui County covers an area of ??1,656 square kilometers and has a population of 1.04 million. Postal code 223400. The County People's Government is located in Liancheng Town.

Overview of Huai'an City

Huai'an is located in the hinterland of northern Jiangsu, connected to Lianyungang to the north, Yancheng City to the northeast, Yangzhou City to the south, Anhui Province to the south, and Suqian City to the west. It has a total area of ??10,072 square kilometers and a total population of 5.2406 million. It currently governs 4 counties and 4 districts.

Huaian is a famous historical and cultural city in the country. The county was established in the Qin Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,200 years. There are famous "Xiacaowan Culture" and "Qingliangang Culture" sites in the territory. Historically, it was a submarine transportation hub and a salt transportation hub. In its heyday during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was known as the "four major cities" along the canal along with Suzhou, Hangzhou and Yangzhou. Huai'an is rich in humanities. Historically, it has produced the great military strategist Han Xin, Han Fu master Mei Cheng, scarf-hatted hero Liang Hongyu, author Wu Cheng'en of "Journey to the West", national hero Guan Tianpei, author of "Lao Can's Travels" Liu E, etc. Huai'an is the hometown of Zhou Enlai, a great man of the generation. Liu Shaoqi, Chen Yi and many other revolutionaries of the older generation also left glorious footprints in Huai'an.

Huaian is a land of fish and rice rich in products. There is Hongze Lake in the west, which is known as "Gold at sunrise", and Gaoyou Lake and Baima Lake in the east, which are rich in fish, shrimps, turtles and crabs.

The whole territory has vast plains, fertile land, abundant grain, luxuriant forests, and wide water areas. It is rich in aquatic products, vegetables, forest fruits, various poultry and livestock, and high-quality grain and oil and other agricultural and sideline products, forming a strong agricultural and sideline industry with vegetables, livestock, poultry, pigs, aquatic products, and forest trees. It is a nationally renowned base for the production, processing and marketing of green agricultural and sideline products. It is rich in mineral resources. There are rock salt, mirabilite, attapulgite, oil, natural gas and other non-metallic minerals underground. The proven rock salt reserves are 130 billion tons, ranking first in the world.

Huaian is an emerging industrial city. There are nearly 30,000 industrial enterprises of various types in the city, including 10 large enterprise groups such as Huaiyin Cigarette Factory and 50 key enterprises such as Jiangsu Qingyin Group, forming an industrial cluster with chemical industry, machinery, metallurgy, textile and tobacco as the main body and with certain capabilities. basic industrial system. The scale of enterprises in the city continues to expand, technology continues to upgrade, and high-tech industries such as bioengineering, energy conservation and environmental protection, and emerging materials are emerging.

Huaian is a rapidly emerging transportation hub city. Highways, railways, and waterways extend in all directions within the territory. Five expressways, including Beijing-Shanghai, Ning-Suxu, Huai-Yan, Su-Huai, and Ning-Huai, which have been completed or are about to be completed, intersect within the territory. The Xin-Chang Railway runs through the entire territory, and water canals crisscross the territory. A transportation network with high-grade highways as the main skeleton and both water and land has been initially formed, highlighting Huai'an's status as a transportation hub in Jiangsu and even the country.

Huaian City is located on the east bank of Hongze Lake, where the sun rises and the gold rises. The ancient Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and the young Beijing-Shanghai Expressway intersect here, where splendid history and splendid civilization** *Hui. The city spans both sides of the ancient Huaihe River. According to legend, Dayu once came to the territory to control the water and "make the Huaihe River peaceful forever." The city's name means Huaihe River's tranquility. Just like the long Huai River, Huai'an has a long history.

As early as five or six thousand years ago, there were traces of the activities of ancestors in the city, leaving behind the "Qingliangang Culture" that has been recorded in history.

~~~~Historical Evolution~~~~

Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties

The city has been developed to a considerable extent, "the advantage of transportation and irrigation" "Across the country", there are not only Hangou (i.e. Huaiyang Canal) connecting the Yangtze River and Huaihe River, but also a land trunk road - Shandao, which connects the north and south. Therefore, it became an important area fought over by the powers in the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, and was owned by Wu, Yue and Chu successively.

Qin and Han Dynasties

After Qin unified the six countries, it implemented the system of prefectures and counties. The first counties in the city included Huaiyin (today's Pier Town, Huaiyin District), Xuyi (today's north of Xuyi County), and Dongyang (today's Maba, Xuyi County). In the great peasant uprising at the end of Qin Dynasty, the people of Huai'an responded in droves. The famous military strategist Han Xin joined the army at this time and made great military exploits. During the Western Han Dynasty, Huaipu (today's west of Lianshui County), Sheyang (today's southeast of Chuzhou District), Fuling (today's Hongze Lake) and other counties were added to the city. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, agricultural production conditions, especially irrigation conditions, were significantly improved. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Chen Deng, the prefect of Guangling, built a 30-mile Gaojia Weir (today's Hongze Lake Embankment) to contain floods in the Huaihe River, protect farmland, and build ponds to irrigate farmland. Iron farm tools and cattle farming were also promoted, so agricultural production still developed greatly despite the wars. Transportation has also improved. The Chi Road built by Qin Shihuang passed through the territory, and Chen Deng built the Hangou West Road to make transportation between the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers more convenient. As a result, in the years of peace, the handicrafts and commerce in the territory were relatively prosperous, and the culture also developed to a high level. Family education and private education emerged in the Han Dynasty, and a number of literary masters emerged, such as Mei Cheng, Mei Gao and his son, the masters of Han Fu, "Jian'an" Chen Lin, one of the Seven Sons.

During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties

The city has long been at the forefront of wars and confrontations. The long-term war has brought about the miserable scene of "thousands of miles of bare land between the Jianghuai River and the Huaihe River", and the economy and culture have been severely damaged. It is worth mentioning that in the seventh year of Yongming in the Southern Qi Dynasty (489), 100 households from the lower reaches of Huaiyin Town to the east of Zhidu and Pofu were cut off and settled in Huai'an County, and the name "Huai'an" first appeared.

During the Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties periods

The territory has been in a stable environment for a long time, and the economy has been able to continue to develop and prosper again. During this period, the excavation of the Grand Canal and the construction of the Huaibei Saltworks played a huge role in the prosperity of the city. During the Daye period of the Sui Dynasty, the Grand Canal, an important water transportation route from Luoyang to Yangzhou (water transportation for supplying imperial grain), was built, and the territory became an important water transportation channel. From the Sui Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty, the imperial court had always set up official offices in Huai'an and appointed senior officials to take charge of and supervise water transportation. In the early Tang Dynasty, Lianshui became one of the four major salt fields in the country. In order to transport and sell Huai salt, the Salt River was opened during the Chui Gong period, and Huai'an salt transport flourished again. Chuzhou (governing Huaicheng in present-day Chuzhou) and Sizhou (governing the opposite bank of present-day Xuyi County) became two famous cities along the canal. Among them, Chuzhou was praised by Bai Juyi as "the first state in the southeast of Huaihe River".

Song and Yuan Dynasties

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the territory was relatively peaceful, and water transportation and salt transportation were further developed. The government encourages reclamation, repairs and additions of irrigation facilities, and introduces and promotes "Champa rice". "Yellow oranges and purple crabs are found in the rivers and seas, red rice and white fish are enough to feed the children" is a vivid portrayal of this period. During the period of confrontation between the Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, the city once again became the front line and suffered long-term torture from war. After a long period of war, the city was in a desolate state. Frequent floods caused by the Yellow River diverting the Huaihe River made the city even worse and more depressed. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the culture within the territory developed in the years of peace. Prefectures, prefectures, and county schools were generally established, and the number of educated people increased. There are also many cultural celebrities, such as Zhang Lei, a famous poet and one of the "Four Bachelors of the Soviet Union", Wei Pu, a famous blind astronomy and calendar master who majored in "Feng Yuan Li", and Gong Kai, a famous painter who pioneered freehand painting in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. , author of "Painting Appreciation", famous calligraphy and painting connoisseur and theorist Tang Xie, etc. Particularly worth mentioning are the Song and Yuan inscriptions on Xuyi No. 1 Mountain, among which there are many treasures from Su Shi, Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu, Cai Xiang, Zhao Mengzhaoye and others.

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Huai'an Prefecture was built in the territory. During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, water transportation in Huai'an flourished again, and Qingjiangpu began to rise. After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the entire Yellow River flowed away from the Huaihe River. Floods in the territory became more and more serious, agriculture declined, and the prosperity of the Land of Fish and Rice was no longer there. In both the Ming and Qing dynasties, officials were appointed to Huaihe to regulate the river. With the Qingjiang Pu River as the axis, the two Huainan cities controlled the water transportation, salt transportation, river engineering, Guanguan, and postal stations. They entered their heyday and were known as the "four major cities" along the canal line with Yangzhou, Suzhou, and Hangzhou. The prosperity of the cities of Huaihe and Huaihe has brought about a gathering of humanities. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were more than 200 Jinshi in Shanyang (today's Chuzhou) county alone. Hexia Town also had the top prize, the second prize, and the top prize, leaving behind the legend of "Hexia Three Tripods". Here also produced Wu Chengen, the author of "Journey to the West", Yan Ruocha, the famous classics master, Bian Shoumin, a flower-and-bird painter who is one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou", Wu Jutong, the author of "Bernard's Treatise on Febrile Diseases", one of the four classics of traditional Chinese medicine, and others. Batch famous people.

During the Republic of China

Huai'an Prefecture was abolished, and most of the city's territory first belonged to Huaiyang Road, and later to the Huaiyin Administrative Supervision District. The benefits of the canals, salt, rivers, and rivers within the territory were all lost, and it further declined. The long years of war have dealt a heavy blow to the newly emerging modern transportation industry, industry and mining. The Communist Party of China was established in 1927. During the Anti-Japanese War and the War of Liberation, the territory became an important base area and liberated area. The Central China Bureau of the Communist Party of China, the New Fourth Army Military Headquarters, the Central China Branch of the Communist Party of China, the Central China Military Region, and the Jiangsu-Anhui Border Region Government were all stationed in the territory. Liu Shaoqi , Chen Yi, Huang Kecheng, Peng Xuefeng, Deng Zihui, Luo Binghui and other older generation proletarian revolutionaries and senior generals of the People's Army have all fought here. The people of Huai'an have made great contributions to the independence and liberation of the Chinese nation. In December 1948, the entire city was liberated. In May 1949, the Huaiyin Zone was established.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China

After several adjustments, until 1971, the entire city belonged to Huaiyin District. In 1983, Huaiyin District was changed to Huaiyin City. In 1987, the counties Huai'an and Suqian under its jurisdiction were changed into county-level cities. In August 1996, the four counties (cities) of Suqian, Siyang, Shuyang and Sihong were separated from Huaiyin City and established the prefecture-level Suqian City. At the same time, Guannan County was placed under Lianyungang City. In February 2001, Huaiyin City was renamed Huai'an City, the former county-level Huai'an City was changed to Chuzhou District, Huai'an City, and the former Huaiyin County was changed to Huaiyin District, Huai'an City.

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the people of Huai'an have carried forward the revolutionary spirit and fine traditions of the people in the old areas. Especially after the reform and opening up, they have pioneered, innovated and forged ahead, and made great achievements in socialist revolution and construction, transforming a "poor and white" "The construction of Huai'an has become an emerging transportation hub and industrial city in Jiangsu, an important production, processing and marketing base for agricultural and sideline products in the country, and an important commercial port in the Jianghuai Plain.