Introduce some famous Chinese books to me.

The Book of Songs:

1. is the earliest collection of poems in China. In the pre-Qin period, it was generally called "Poetry" or "Poetry 300", but in the Han Dynasty it was regarded as a classic and called "The Book of Songs". According to different music, The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: wind, elegance and ode.

2. The Book of Songs is a shining example of China's poetry. The three artistic expressions of "Fu, Bi and Xing" have great influence on later generations and are one of the elements that form the characteristics of China's poems.

rank grass

1. Meng is selected from The Book of Songs. Feng Wei belongs to the poem of abandoning his wife, that is, the poem of complaining about abandoning his wife. It can also be regarded as a narrative poem.

2. Self-protection: people. The poem refers to the husband who abandoned his wife in those days: "As for Dunqiu, sending a child is related to Qi", and "Qi" refers to Qi water, which is in Henan today.

3. Understand and memorize the following poem: (1) reflects the marriage custom at that time: "Boer, the body is blameless". According to divination, there is nothing unlucky. ) (2) The poem with sincere taste is "You can't eat mulberries sitting on a pigeon." (3) The poem that shows the heroine's hard work after marriage is "Sleeping all night, there must be a dynasty". Get up early and go to bed late. Not a day goes by without it. The poem that shows the heroine's determination after being abandoned is "growing old with her husband, which always makes me complain." (Husband and wife grow old together, which always makes me complain) (5) The Banquet at General's Corner contains the joy of underage women.

4. "Meng" thought: It reflects the oppression and harm of the unequal marriage system between men and women in society at that time.

5. Analyze Meng's figurative technique and its figurative significance: use "Mulberry leaves flourish first and then fall" and "Mulberry leaves fall first and then fall again" to describe the change of their feelings; This is a metaphor for a woman who cannot indulge in love. Use "qi has a shore, Ji has a plate" to prove that his pain is endless. These metaphors are not only vivid. And it is in line with the character's environment and full of life.

"Serviceman" is selected from the Book of Songs. Feng Wang is a poem about missing women, which describes a peasant woman's deep yearning for her husband who has been away from home for a long time and doesn't know when to return. Love stories are true and simple. Gentleman: This refers to the husband.

General Nakako

1. From The Book of Songs. Zheng Feng is a love poem. A young girl advised her lover not to go over the wall to see her, because she was afraid of being scolded by her parents and brothers and gossiping.

This poem is written in a woman's first-person tone, which vividly shows her intense inner conflict.

Shuoshu

1. From The Book of Songs. Feng Wei exposed the cruel exploitation of the people by the rulers, and at the same time expressed the people's warm yearning for a better life and ideal realm.

2. This poem uses metonymy as a whole. Metaphor is the rhetorical device used in Storytelling. Poetry expresses people's yearning for a better life and tends to pursue social ideals. Paradise, countryside and suburbs in the poem are ideal places.

Jia Jian

1. From The Book of Songs. Qin Feng is a love song for lovers. The structure of the whole poem emphasizes chapters and sentences, and ignores songs and sighs, which deepens the expression of feelings.

2. The emotional content of the poem is intertwined with the obsession with the pursuit of "Iraqis" and the sadness of the pursuit. (1) The object that the author yearns for is out of reach, and he can't restrain infinite melancholy. (2) The words "white dew is frost", "white dew has not yet risen" and "white dew has not yet passed" indicate the passage of time. The protagonist has been searching hard for a long time, lingering in expectation and affectionate. (3) The words "ten thousand in the water", "ten thousand in the water" and "ten thousand in the water" indicate that the right person is within reach.

"The so-called Iraqis are on the water side" is a famous sentence. Yiren, refers to the right person.

4. "The road is blocked and long, the road is blocked and blocked, and the road is blocked and right" is that it is difficult to find an object.

5. The role of scenery description poems such as "Identifying Tibet" in expressing characters' feelings: (1) Rendering the sad atmosphere in clear autumn. (2) It provides a specific background for the characters' emotions and activities, and has been regarded as a good poem with deep feelings and deep feelings in the past dynasties.

6. Poetic triggering technique and function: Taking advantage of landscape reeds, "Building a Warehouse, White House is Frost" writes the process that the White House gradually dries up from condensation to frost to melting into water, showing the passage of time. (Jane or choose)

7. What are the structural features and artistic effects of poetry? (1) It uses repeated sentences. (2) The artistic effect of singing sigh. (1)-sing three sighs to show the rich feelings of the lyric hero. ② indicates the passage of time. ⑧ Express the bitter pursuit of the lyric hero.

Qu Yuan:

1. Pingming, a native of Chu at the end of the Warring States Period.

2. The symbolic work of China's poetry from the folk collective singing to the poet's independent creation stage: Chu Ci. In Han Dynasty, Liu Xiang compiled the works of Chu Ci writers such as Qu Yuan into Chu Ci. The earliest extant annotation of Chu Ci is Wang Yi's Chapters and Sentences of Chu Ci in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

Xiangfuren

1. The group poem "Nine Songs" selected from Qu Yuan is adapted from the folk music song "Sacrifice to God", and written (lyric hero, expectation and yearning for Mrs. Xiang. This is a welcome song sung by Xiang Jun and played by a wizard.

2. "Autumn wind is curling, Dongting waves are under the leaves" is a famous sentence describing autumn scenery.

national mourning

1. is one of the nine songs. "National mourning" means offering sacrifices to the soldiers who died for the country, so as to inspire the people of Chu to share the same enemy and wash away the national humiliation.

2. The theme and intention of this article: Sacrificing soldiers who died for their country. This poem not only praises their heroism and heroism, but also expresses the author's lofty feelings of loving the motherland.

3. Why did National Mourning defeat me from the enemy? (1) This is a reflection of reality. During the Warring States Period, Qin Chu was at war and Chu was defeated repeatedly, which reflected the political and military situation of Chu at that time. (2) Qu Yuan wrote "National Mourning" in order to inspire Chu people to advance wave after wave, fight against the enemy and carry forward the spirit of patriotism and heroism.

grieved

1. One of the nine chapters. Ying is the capital of Chu State, in Jiangling, Hubei Province. There are two most popular views about the writing background of Songs of the South: (1) Wang Yi's Chapters of Songs of the South are believed to have been written by Qu Yuan in exile. (2) Wang Fuzhi's interpretation of The Songs of the South holds that Qu Yuan is mourning for the fall of Qin generals.

2. "Why forget it day and night" is a sentence that directly expresses feelings in mourning.

3. The poem containing Qu Yuan's exile destination is "Lingyang is like a fire, Nansen is like a fire". Lingyang is in today's Anhui Province.

4. Poems written by Qu Yuan that conform to the order of exile include "Going abroad to worry", "Going to Dongting to go down to the river" and "How can I worry in Lingyang".

The word "Zhi" in "Don't believe my sin and give it up, why forget it day and night" refers to the capital: "Looking too hard, crying too hard" refers to the snow bead.

6. The poet's thoughts and feelings expressed in "Mourning" are straightforward, including grief and indignation for the country and the people, and sorrow for being wronged and sunk, and the words are straightforward.

7. The contrasting lines in the poem are: "Love is embarrassing, weakness is hard to hold", "I hate the beauty of my husband and the generosity of a good wife." Many people are advancing day by day, and beauty is out of reach. "What method is used to reflect the reality of the State of Chu? (1) Kings hate the good qualities of loyal princes and ministers and like those seemingly warm and generous villains. When a small group of people are scrambling to find jobs, smart people are increasingly alienated. (2) Loyalty, treachery, goodness and evil are in sharp contrast, revealing the reality that the villain was in power and the gentleman was treacherous at that time. (Jane)

What means is used in the sentence "Birds fly back to their hometown, and foxes die first", which reflects the author's thoughts and feelings: (1) Metaphor is used. (2) I deeply miss my hometown of my old capital until I die. (Jane or choose)

Lisao

1. is the representative work of Qu Yuan and the longest lyric poem in China ancient literature. The title of the article is Li Sao, and Ban Gu interprets it as suffering. Wang Yi thinks it refers to the sadness of parting.

2. The symbolic meaning of Li Sao is particularly noteworthy. Symbol developed from Bi Xing in The Book of Songs, which further promoted the art of creation.

3. The poems that express superb talents with fragrant grass are: "Shanghai River is separated from Xi Zhi, thinking that she is admirable"; The poem expressing noble character is: "cultivate fungi and flowers through the dropping of seeds of Ficus pumila." "Make the clothes of lotus, and pick the clothes of hibiscus".

4. The poem expressing talent with grass is as follows: "I am a nine-acre orchid and a hundred-acre tree. To stay abroad and expose the car, Du Heng and local chronicles are mixed. "

5. The poem expressing perseverance is: "Mulan in the morning, Xi Xi at night."

6. Road is not an ordinary road in poetry, but a way to govern the country. Therefore, Yao and Shun "get the Tao by following the Tao" and "get embarrassed by shortcuts". The road of the party is "seclusion to narrow the gap", and the poet's service to the country is "running ahead, the heel of the former king."

7. The poem expressing Qu Yuan's firm ambition is: "Although I had a narrow escape, my heart was still kind." "I'd rather die in exile, but I can't bear it." "Although I haven't changed my mind, I can be punished." .

8. "Xiu Yuan is a long way to go, and I will go up and down" comes from Qu Yuan's Lisao.

Zuo Zhuan: Zuo Zhuan, Ram Zhuan and Gu Liang Zhuan are collectively called Three Biographies of the Spring and Autumn Period.

Battle of Chengpu, Chu Jin

1. "Chengpu" was originally located in Shandong Province. The Battle of Chengpu was a battle between Chu Jin and China for hegemony in the Spring and Autumn Period, and it was a famous example in the ancient military history of China. Monarchs of both sides: the monarch of the State of Jin is Jin Wengong (the Duke of Jin); The King of Chu State is the king of Chu. Commander-in-Chief of both sides: Yuan Yi (Xian Zhen) is the commander-in-chief of Jin State, and Yu Zi is the commander-in-chief of Chu Army. The allies of both sides, the allies of Jin State are Song State, Qi State and Qin State; Chu's allies are Chen, Cai, Cao and Wei.

2. In the battle of Chengpu, Chu Jin, it was the son of the State of Jin who put forward the idea of "avoiding three houses", and "Zi Chu" in Dream of Chu Zibo after Jin refers to Chu Wangcheng.

3. The son's "victorious vassal" reveals the essence that the strong is king in the hegemonic war.

4. Analysis of the reasons for the victory or defeat in the battle of Chengpu, Chu Jin: (1) The monarch and the minister are United as one. (2) Be good at using diplomatic means to disintegrate the enemy alliance and isolate Chu; At the same time, take a restrained attitude, "stay out of it" and take the initiative. (3) Pay attention to tactics, command well, and adopt clever tactics of avoiding the strong and attacking the weak, pretending to defeat and luring the enemy. (4) The personal qualities of Jin monarchs and ministers also played a role.

5. The Battle of Chengpu, Chu Jin describes the characteristics of the war: (1) This paper does not describe the war in isolation, but combines the war with the political and diplomatic activities of both sides, thus showing the causal relationship between the development of the war and the reasons for the victory or defeat of the war. (2) The author also expressed some thought-provoking military thoughts through the main characters, such as "invincible virtue" and "less courtesy available". (3) When describing the war process in detail, we can convey the atmosphere on the battlefield realistically with concise pen and ink, and clearly explain the battle process.

6. Try to compare the images of Jin Wengong, Xian Zhen and Yu Zi: Jin Wengong is cautious and steady, thoughtful, good at listening to subordinates' opinions, knowing people and being good at their duties; Xian Zhen is very knowledgeable, understands diplomacy and strategy, and can correctly use strategies and tactics; Yu Zi is impulsive, willful, arrogant and arrogant. His wild talk and arrogant attitude are in sharp contrast with the caution, deliberation and deliberation of Jin Wengong and Xian Zhen.

Quit Qin Shi with the power of candles

1 from Zuo Zhuan; The art of candle is Dr. Zheng: "How to accompany neighbors with Zheng's death", and "neighbors" refers to the state of Jin.

2. "Wang didn't listen, so China people didn't dare to speak. In three years, Liu Wang was in Wei Xiao (now Shaanxi Province), and "Wang" means.

Mandarin: Shao libel 1. Selected from Mandarin. Shao Gong is a famous scholar in Zhou Liwang.

2. Shao Gong's words of exhortation are metaphors. For example, the metaphor of "guarding the people's mouth is better than guarding Sichuan" generally reveals two different attitudes of rulers towards people's speech.

Warring States Policy: The Warring States Policy reached its peak in the development of historical prose in the pre-Qin period. The most ingenious use of fables is the Warring States Policy.

"Su Qin began to talk to Lian Heng about Qin"

1. Selected from The Warring States Policy, it is a compilation of historical materials during the Warring States Period, mainly recording the activities and speeches of strategists during the Warring States Period, and edited by Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty.

2. Su Qin was a famous strategist in the Warring States Period. He lobbied Qin Huiwang to advocate Lian Heng, but Qin Huiwang refused. Later, he lobbied Zhao Suhou to advocate an alliance, and finally succeeded.

3. This idiom comes from "Su Qin began to talk about Qin with Lian Heng".

Feng Xuan guest Meng Changjun 1. Feng Xuan: A guest of Meng Changjun. Meng Changjun is an aristocrat of Qi.

2. The specific content of "Three Caves of Cunning Rabbit": The idiom "Three Caves of Cunning Rabbit" comes from Feng Xuan. The meaning of the three caves: (1) Meng Changjun Yixue won the support of the people of Xuecheng, a fief. (2) Return to Qi State and gain the reputation of talents. (3) The establishment of Xue ancestral temple made the King of Qi unable to treat it lightly.

3. Why do you want to "show your sword" three times? To test whether you are really polite to Corporal Xian and whether you can find a confidant.

4. Feng Xuan's personality analysis: Feng Xuan was a typical strategist in the Warring States Period. He is willing to serve his bosom friend, with his insight and foresight, assess the situation, and use the complicated relationship between governors to consolidate Meng Changjun's position in Qi.

5. Analyze the contrast between Meng Changjun and his words and deeds on the image of Feng Xuan, that is, the portrayal of Feng Xuan: The article reflects Feng Xuan's eccentric character and extraordinary knowledge through the description of people around Meng Changjun's "laughter" and "evil" towards Feng Xuan and Meng Changjun's "unhappiness" towards Feng Xuan. Take the method of suppressing first if you want to improve, and improve layer by layer, constantly changing.

The Analects of Confucius: Zuo Shi

1. is the longest chapter in The Analects of Confucius, which is full of literary color and completely records a discussion between Confucius and students about their ambitions.

2. Lutz is frank and confident, brave and wise.

3. In Zuo Shi, "Me and Point" and "Point" refer to Ceng Zhe; I was willing to be indifferent and yearned for a leisurely life.

4. The meaning of Confucius' saying that "I take the point to bring the face" shows Confucius' yearning and indifferent feelings for the peaceful and prosperous times of ritual and music, as well as the sadness that his ideal cannot be realized and his political status has declined.

5. Confucius also affirmed the thoughts of Lutz, You Ran and Gong Xihua on governing the country by the way of the world. Luz: "A country thousands of times ... is also for it. Compared with three years, it can make you brave and know one side. " You Ran said, "Compared with three years, we can satisfy the people. If you are polite, you can be a gentleman. " Gong Xihua: "If you can't do it, you are willing to learn. If the ancestral hall is agreed, it will be a small matter. "

6. Analyze the characters of Confucius and his four disciples: Confucius is amiable, persuasive and tireless in teaching others; Reckless on the road, not modest enough; You Ran and Gong Xihua are resourceful, modest and prudent; I used to be respectful and indifferent.

7. The article is good at expressing the characters' personalities through language, manner, action and narration: recording the characters' languages can vividly show the internal and external identities and personalities of things. The narrative is not much, but the words are accurate and concise. For example, the generous character is expressed by "outspoken", the expression of Confucius after listening to the speech is expressed by "eloquent", and a series of actions before his speech are described by "drumming, singing and playing", which shows his calm and natural bearing, very vivid and shows the beauty of wording and sentence making.