How to treat sewage

Commonly used products for sewage treatment include: quartz sand filter material, anthracite filter material, polyaluminum chloride, activated carbon, honeycomb inclined tube packing, fiber ball filter material, garnet sand, etc.

Polyacrylamide product introduction: Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a water-soluble polymer, insoluble in most organic solvents, and has good flocculation properties, which can reduce the friction resistance between liquids. According to its ionic characteristics, it can be divided into non- There are four types: ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric.

Product characteristics

1. Flocculation: PAM can neutralize suspended substances through electricity, bridge adsorption, and act as a flocculation.

2. Adhesion: It can act as an adhesive through mechanical, physical and chemical effects.

3. Resistance reduction: PAM can effectively reduce the frictional resistance of fluids. Adding a trace amount of PAM to water can reduce the resistance by 50-80%.

4. Thickening: PAM has a thickening effect under both neutral and acidic conditions. When the pH value is above 10, PAM is easily hydrolyzed. When it is in a semi-reticular structure, the thickening will be more obvious.

Instructions for use

1. The usage quantity of cationic polyacrylamide for coal washing can be set from thirty kilograms to one hundred and ten kilograms. The usage quantity should be increased and the usage quantity should be set One hundred to three hundred kilograms is more reasonable. The electroplating wastewater industry and ordinary industrial water should generally not exceed fifty kilograms. Note: (the usage quantities of these industries are the quantity per thousand tons of wastewater)!

2. Application of polyacrylamide in textile industry.

If the main body of the process adopts biochemical methods, that is, the remaining sludge is dehydrated (which may contain part of the primary sedimentation sludge), only cationic PAM is needed as the sludge dehydrating agent.

If the process body adopts physical and chemical methods, such as first-level strengthening, loading magnetic separation and other processes, it is generally between 100 and 100 kilograms; the amount of wastewater used in the chemical industry is generally between 50 and 120 kilograms. ; The wastewater from the bleaching and dyeing industry and the wastewater from the papermaking industry are the most difficult to treat with PAC conditioning, then add anionic flocculant, and finally add cationic flocculant for dehydration. The specific dosage depends on the quality of the sewage.

There are also many sewage treatment stations. For sludge dehydration, PAC or other inorganic flocculants can be added directly. This is widely used in plate and frame filter presses, especially in electronics factories or small sewage treatment stations.

When used as a sludge dewatering agent, the ratio of PAM to water is generally between 0.1% and 0.2%. After being dissolved into a glue-like liquid, it is then added to the sludge for mixing.

The ratio to sludge is generally 5%--10%, and some are lower. This should be determined according to the concentration of sludge. It is best to determine the best input through on-site beaker experiments. Dosage and usage model. Different sludge, different chemicals, different equipment, and different management levels have different sludge treatment effects.

3. Sewage treatment plants use cationic polyacrylamide as sludge dehydrating agent for sewage operations. In the process of communicating with customers, customers often ask about the dosage of sludge dehydrating agent during the sewage treatment sludge dehydration process. To know the dosage of sludge dehydrating agent relatively accurately, first understand these parameters, the moisture content of the sludge, the moisture content of the mud cake, the amount of mud fed, the amount of drug fed, the dosage concentration, etc.

Sewage Sludge moisture content: The percentage of the weight of water contained in the sludge to the total weight of the sludge is called the sludge moisture content.

Moisture content of the mud cake: The percentage of the weight of the moisture contained in the desorbed sludge, that is, the mud cake, to the total weight of the sludge is called the moisture content of the mud cake.

The calculation also needs to be carried out through the following formulas:

1. Dosing amount mg/L = dosing mass/treatment water volume/dispensing concentration

2 , treated water volume and dosage = treated water volume m3/h * chemical dosage g/m3

3. Dry mud volume = treated water volume * (1-sludge moisture content)/(1-mud cake Moisture content)

4. Chemical consumption per ton of dry mud g/m3=dosage amount/dry mud amount

The error in the above calculation results may be relatively large, and it is only used for sewage operation time reference. Actual drug consumption requires actual machine operation testing.

Water treatment chemicals used in sewage treatment - flocculants

There are many types of sewage treatment chemicals, the most commonly used ones are flocculants, which can be divided into inorganic and organic.

Inorganic flocculants

Inorganic flocculants are divided into low molecular weight and high molecular weight according to their molecular weight.

1. Low molecular weight inorganic flocculants

The most widely used inorganic flocculants are iron and aluminum metal salts. The mainstream inorganic coagulants in the market include ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate.

The water molecular formula of ferric chloride is (FeCl3·6H20)

Features: The alum flower formed has good precipitability and is better than aluminum salt in treating low-temperature water or low-turbidity water. , the suitable pH value range is wider, but the color of the treated water is higher than that of aluminum series, and it is corrosive.

The molecular formula of ferrous sulfate is (FeS04·H20)

Features: The dissociated Fe2+ can only generate the simplest mononuclear complex, which is not as effective as the ferric salt. Good coagulation effect.

The molecular formula of aluminum sulfate is Al2(S04)3

Features: Aluminum sulfate is the most commonly used flocculant in wastewater treatment. It is easy to use and has good flocculation effect;

< p>Disadvantages: When the water temperature is low, hydrolysis is difficult and the floc formed is loose; its effective pH range is narrow.

Mingji (Al2(S04)3·K2S04.24H20) is similar to aluminum sulfate.

2. Polymer inorganic flocculant

Inorganic polymer flocculant has high coagulation effect and low price, and is the most commonly used flocculant. It can be divided into cationic and anionic types according to different ionic degrees

Cationic type: polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum phosphate, polyferric sulfate, polyaluminum ferric chloride, etc.

There are few varieties of anionic inorganic flocculants, and the more mainstream one in 2013 was polymeric silicic acid.

Flocculant

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Elastic filler, three-dimensional elastic filler

1. In the production process of wool using elastic filler, The addition of hydrophilic and biophilic additives and some nutritional slow-release elements can better promote the growth and metabolism of microorganisms and increase the amount of microorganisms.

2． The four grooves in the green and environmentally friendly cross wires and special-shaped wires can effectively resist water erosion in the horizontal direction (inlet and outlet water flow) and vertical direction (generated by aeration), making it easier for bacteria to parasitize and reproduce in the early stages of film formation, overcoming the problem of round shapes. Cilia have the disadvantage of being difficult to form films due to their smooth surface; the angular edges of the hair have a better cutting effect on air bubbles, improve the utilization rate of dissolved oxygen, and reduce the power consumption of oxygen exposure.

3. The elastic filler has a long service life, good oxygenation performance, fast film start-up, easy film removal and renewal, simple operation and management, corrosion resistance, no clogging, and no agglomeration

Processing method

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By function

Sewage treatment can be divided into physical, biological and chemical methods according to its functions.

①Physical method: Mainly uses physical effects to separate insoluble substances in sewage without changing the chemical properties during the treatment process. Commonly used ones include gravity separation, centrifugal separation, reverse osmosis, air flotation, etc. Physical method treatment structures are relatively simple and economical, and are used in villages and towns where water bodies have large capacity, strong self-purification capabilities, and low sewage treatment requirements.

②Biological method: Utilize the metabolic function of microorganisms to decompose and oxidize dissolved or colloidal organic matter in the sewage into stable inorganic substances, so that the sewage can be purified. Commonly used methods include activated sludge method and biofilm method. The degree of treatment by biological methods is higher than that by physical methods.

③Chemical method: It is a method that uses chemical reactions to treat or recover dissolved substances or colloidal substances in sewage. It is mostly used for industrial wastewater. Commonly used methods include coagulation method, neutralization method, redox method, ion exchange method, etc. Chemical treatment method has good treatment effect but high cost. It is mostly used as the effluent after biochemical treatment for further treatment to improve the quality of the effluent.

According to the degree of treatment

Sewage treatment can be divided into primary treatment, secondary treatment and tertiary treatment according to the degree of treatment.

Primary treatment is mainly to remove suspended solid matter in sewage, and physical methods are commonly used. The BOD removal rate of the wastewater after primary treatment is only 20%, which is still not suitable for discharge and requires secondary treatment. The main task of secondary treatment is to significantly remove colloidal and dissolved organic matter in sewage, with a BOD removal rate of 80% to 90%. Generally, sewage that has undergone secondary treatment can meet the discharge standards. The activated sludge method and biofilm treatment method are commonly used.

The purpose of tertiary treatment is to further remove certain special pollutants, such as fluoride removal, phosphorus removal, etc. It is an advanced treatment and chemical methods are commonly used.

Sewage process flow selection requirements 1. The transformation and transformation of the existing primary treatment process to enhance the treatment effect should be based on the actual situation, make full use of the existing treatment facilities, and apply more chemicals in existing hospitals. The septic tank and contact tank should be modified in structure or operation mode, and some facilities should be added if necessary to improve the treatment effect as much as possible to meet the discharge standards of hospital sewage treatment.

First-level intensive treatment

1. Process flow description

For sewage treatment in general hospitals (without infectious diseases rooms), "pretreatment → first-level intensive treatment" can be used Process → Disinfection” process. Through coagulation and sedimentation (filtration), particles carrying viruses and germs are removed, the disinfection effect is improved and the dosage of disinfectant is reduced, thereby avoiding the negative impact of excessive dosage of disinfectant on the environment. The hospital sewage enters the regulating tank through the septic tank. An automatic grille is installed in the front of the regulating tank, and a lifting pump is installed in the regulating tank. After being lifted, the sewage enters the coagulation sedimentation tank for coagulation and sedimentation. The effluent from the sedimentation tank enters the contact tank for disinfection. The effluent from the contact tank meets the standards for discharge.

Garbage generated in the sewage treatment station such as sludge and screen residue from the regulating tank, coagulation sedimentation tank, contact tank, etc. will be centrally disinfected and transported out of the country. Disinfection can be done by pasteurization steam sterilization or adding lime.

2. Process characteristics

The one-level intensive treatment that enhances the treatment effect can improve the treatment effect, remove particles carrying viruses and germs, improve the effect of subsequent in-depth disinfection and reduce the risk of disinfection dosage of agent. Among them, the transformation of the existing primary treatment process can make full use of existing facilities and reduce investment costs.

3. Scope of application

The first-level enhanced treatment to enhance the treatment effect is suitable for general hospitals where the effluent finally enters the secondary treatment urban sewage treatment plant.

Secondary treatment process

1. Process flow description

The secondary treatment process is "regulating pool → biological oxidation → contact disinfection". Hospital sewage enters the regulating tank through the septic tank. An automatic grille is installed in front of the regulating pool. There is a lifting pump in the regulating tank. After the sewage is lifted, it enters the aerobic tank for biological treatment. The effluent from the aerobic tank enters the contact tank for disinfection, and the effluent reaches the standard for discharge.

Garbage generated in the sewage treatment station such as sludge and screen residue from the regulating pool, biochemical treatment pool, contact pool, etc. will be transported out for centralized disinfection and incineration. Disinfection can be done by pasteurization steam sterilization or adding lime.

Secondary treatment process (non-communicable and infectious sewage)

Sewage and feces from infectious diseases hospitals are collected separately. Domestic sewage directly enters the pre-disinfection tank for disinfection treatment and then enters the regulating tank. The patient's feces should be independently disinfected first and then enter the septic tank through the sewer or be processed separately. Each structure must operate in a closed environment and be ventilated through a unified ventilation system. The waste gas is discharged after disinfection. Ultraviolet disinfection system can be used for disinfection.

2. Process characteristics

The aerobic biochemical treatment unit removes organic pollutants such as CODcr and BOD5. The aerobic biochemical treatment can choose contact oxidation, activated sludge and high-efficiency aerobic treatment processes. , such as membrane bioreactor, aerated biological filter and other processes. The use of an efficient aerobic treatment process with filtration function can reduce the concentration of suspended solids and facilitate subsequent disinfection.

3. Scope of application

Applicable to infectious disease hospitals (including general hospitals with infectious disease wards) and general hospital sewage treatment that is discharged into natural water bodies.

Treatment Technology

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Modern sewage treatment technology can be divided into primary, secondary and tertiary treatment according to the degree of treatment, generally based on water quality conditions and the destination of treated water to determine the extent of wastewater treatment.

Primary treatment

Mainly removes suspended solid pollutants in sewage. Most physical treatment methods can only meet the requirements of primary treatment. For sewage that has undergone primary treatment, BOD can generally be removed by about 30%, which does not meet the discharge standards. Primary processing is a preprocessing of secondary processing.

Secondary treatment

Mainly removes colloidal and dissolved organic pollutants (BOD, COD substances) in sewage. The removal rate can reach more than 90%, so that the organic pollutants can reach Discharge standards, the suspended solids removal rate reaches 95% and the water effluent effect is good.

Third-level treatment

Further treatment of refractory organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and other soluble inorganic matter that can cause eutrophication of water bodies. The main methods include biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, coagulation sedimentation, sand filtration, activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange and electrodialysis.

The whole process is that the raw sewage that passes through the coarse grille is lifted by the sewage lift pump, passes through the grille or sieve, and then enters the grit settling tank. The sewage that has been separated from sand and water enters the primary sedimentation tank. The above It is a primary treatment (that is, physical treatment). The effluent from the primary sedimentation tank enters biological treatment equipment, including activated sludge method and biofilm method. (The reactors of activated sludge method include aeration tank, oxidation ditch, etc., and biofilm method. The method includes biological filter, biological turntable, biological contact oxidation method and biological fluidized bed). The effluent from the biological treatment equipment enters the secondary sedimentation tank. The effluent from the secondary sedimentation tank is disinfected and discharged or enters the third-level treatment. After the first-level treatment is completed, This is secondary treatment, and tertiary treatment includes biological denitrification and phosphorus removal, coagulation sedimentation, sand filtration, activated carbon adsorption, ion exchange and electrodialysis. Part of the sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank flows back to the primary sedimentation tank or biological treatment equipment, and part of it enters the sludge concentration tank, and then enters the sludge digestion tank. After dehydration and drying equipment, the sludge is finally utilized.

Commonly used methods

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Production wastewater

Industrial wastewater treatment methods

A kind of industrial wastewater treatment The sewage method belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment. The method is to lead the sewage to the water collection tank, adjust the pH of the last cell of the water collection tank, use a first-level dissolved air water pump to lift it to a first-level pressure dissolved air tank, and at the same time inhale air and condensed decolorizing agent, which will be in the first-level pressure dissolved air tank. The first-level saturated gas-dissolved water in the tank is suddenly released to the first-level air flotation tank to form the first-level treated water; the first-level treated water overflows into the buffer tank, and then the second-level dissolved air water pump is used to control the pH to raise the first-level treated water to the second-level pressure. In the dissolved air tank, air and coagulated decolorizing agent are sucked in at the same time, and the secondary saturated air dissolved water in the secondary pressure dissolved air tank is suddenly released to the secondary air flotation tank to form secondary treated water, which overflows to the sedimentation tank and is discharged after sedimentation. ; The floating mud in the primary and secondary air flotation tanks enters the floating mud tank, is pressed and filtered into a filter cake, and the filtrate is returned to the collection tank. The CODcr, decolorization rate, SS, and BOD5 removal rates of the industrial sewage treated by this method are 80-90%, 95%, more than 90%, and 75-80% respectively, which conforms to the GB8978-1996 first-level water discharge standard. Biogas power generation is a new technology for comprehensive energy utilization that integrates environmental protection and energy conservation. It uses the biogas produced by anaerobic fermentation of industrial sewage to drive the biogas generator set to generate electricity, and can fully utilize the waste heat of the generator set for biogas production, making the comprehensive thermal efficiency reach about 80%, which is much higher than the general 30~40% power generation. Efficiency and significant economic benefits for users are a good way to treat industrial wastewater.

Domestic sewage

1. Rural sewage treatment methods

Domestic sewage → septic tank → anaerobic tank → artificial wetland (planting with developed root system, like Canna, water onion, calamus and other plants with wet and strong absorptive capacity) are treated by "filtering" and then discharged. It is mainly suitable for scattered domestic sewage treatment in rural areas. After completion, the operating cost is basically zero and the service life is more than 10 years.

2. Urban domestic sewage treatment method

Transport urban domestic sewage to the countryside around the city, and use the vast rural land to purify urban domestic sewage. It will be a good way to achieve once and for all and achieve more with one stone. Taking a large and medium-sized city with a daily supply of 100W cubic meters of domestic tap water as an example: the cost of ordinary sewage treatment facilities is 1,000 yuan/cubic. The construction cost is 1 billion, and the annual operating cost is 100W cubic/day × 365 × 0.5 yuan/cubic = 180 million. The construction cost using the soil purification method is 1,000 yuan/cubic, and the annual operating cost is 100W cubic/day × 365 × 0.1 yuan/cubic = 0.4 100 million. At the same time, it saves 360 million cubic meters of agricultural water resources per year, saves about 10,000 tons of chemical fertilizers per year, and reduces the use of pesticides by 5 tons per year. The comprehensive benefits are considerable.

3. New technology for domestic sewage treatment: decentralized treatment

The decentralized biological integrated treatment system for domestic sewage is a new, economical and environmentally friendly treatment system for domestic sewage. This system has the advantages of low equipment investment, low operating costs, and easy installation. It uses bioaugmentation technology to efficiently degrade pollutants, achieve on-site and nearby treatment of domestic sewage, and achieve the purpose of recycling and reusing water resources.

As an effective supplement to the sewage treatment of traditional sewage treatment plants, this system has gradually been widely used in urban residential communities, hotels, tourist attractions, new rural communities and other fields.

Decentralized sewage treatment technology has the characteristics of small equipment footprint, no need to lay pipe networks, and high equipment integration. Therefore, infrastructure costs and civil construction costs account for a relatively small proportion of the overall investment, only about 30%. About 70% of the investment is mainly used for the purchase and installation of sewage treatment equipment.

Microelectrolysis is used to treat industrial water

1. Technology overview:

Microelectrolysis technology is an ideal process for treating high-concentration organic wastewater. Also known as internal electrolysis. It uses the micro-electrolytic material filled in the wastewater to generate a potential difference of 1.2V to electrolyze the wastewater without electricity to achieve the purpose of degrading organic pollutants. When the system is filled with water, countless micro-battery systems will be formed in the device, forming an electric field in its action space. The new ecology [H], Fe2 +, etc. generated during the treatment process can undergo oxidation-reduction reactions with many components in the wastewater, such as chromophoric groups or auxiliary groups that can destroy colored substances in colored wastewater, and even break chain to achieve the effect of degradation and decolorization; the generated Fe2 + is further oxidized into Fe3 +, and their hydrates have strong adsorption-flocculation activity, especially after adding alkali to adjust the pH value, ferrous hydroxide and ferric hydroxide colloids are generated Flocculants, their adsorption capacity is much higher than the ferric hydroxide colloid obtained by hydrolysis of general agents, and can adsorb a large number of tiny particles, metal particles and organic macromolecules dispersed in water. Its working principle is based on the simultaneous action of electrochemistry, oxidation-reduction, physical adsorption and flocculation precipitation to treat wastewater. This method has the advantages of wide application range, good treatment effect, low cost, convenient operation and maintenance, and no need to consume power resources. This process is used to treat refractory high-concentration wastewater, which can significantly reduce COD and chroma, improve the biodegradability of wastewater, and has a good effect on the removal of ammonia nitrogen. Traditionally, the micro-electrolysis materials used in the micro-electrolysis process are generally iron filings and charcoal. They must be activated with acid and alkali before use. It is easy to passivate and harden during use. Moreover, because iron and carbon are in physical contact, it is easy to form between them. The isolation layer prevents micro-electrolysis from continuing and loses its function, which leads to frequent replacement of micro-electrolysis materials, which not only requires high workload and high costs, but also affects the treatment effect and efficiency of wastewater. In addition, the surface area of ??traditional micro-electrolysis materials is too small, which also makes wastewater treatment take a long time and increases the investment cost per ton of water, which seriously affects the utilization and promotion of micro-electrolysis technology.

2. Reaction formula:

Anode: Fe - 2e →Fe2+ E (Fe / Fe2+) = 0.44V

Cathode: 2H﹢ + 2e →H2 E(H﹢/ H2)=0.00V

When oxygen is present, the cathode reaction is as follows:

O2 + 4H﹢ + 4e → 2H2O E (O2)=1.23V< /p>

O2 + 2H2O + 4e → 4OH﹣E (O2/OH﹣)=0.41V

3. Technical features:

⑴ Fast reaction rate, general industry Wastewater only takes half an hour to a few hours;

⑵ It can act on a wide range of organic pollutants, such as difficult-to-remove and degraded organic substances containing afluorine, carbon double bonds, nitro, and halogen structures. Very good degradation effect;

⑶ Simple process flow, long service life, low investment cost, convenient operation and maintenance, low operating cost, and stable treatment effect. Only a small amount of microelectrolysis reactants are consumed during the treatment process.

The microelectrolyte only needs to be added regularly without replacement, and it can be added directly without activation;

⑷ After the wastewater is treated by microelectrolysis, original ferrous iron or iron ions will be formed in the water, which is more powerful than ordinary The coagulant has better coagulation effect, no need to add coagulant such as iron salt, high COD removal rate, and will not cause secondary pollution to water;

⑸ It has good coagulation effect, The removal rate of color and COD is high, and the same amount can greatly improve the biodegradability of wastewater;

⑹ This method can achieve the effect of chemical precipitation and phosphorus removal, and can also remove heavy metals through reduction; < /p>

⑺ For high-concentration organic wastewater treatment projects that have not met the standards, this technology can be used as a pretreatment for the wastewater from the built projects. It can degrade COD while improving the biodegradability of the wastewater, which can ensure the stability of the wastewater after treatment. Meet emission standards. Biochemical wastewater can also be subjected to micro-electrolysis or micro-electrolysis combined with a biological filter bed process for in-depth treatment;

⑻ Each unit of this technology can be used as a separate treatment method, and can also be used as a precursor to biological treatment. The treatment process is conducive to the settlement of sludge and biological film formation.

4. Applicable wastewater types:

This technology is especially suitable for the treatment of wastewater with high organic concentration, high toxicity, high color, and refractory biochemicals, and can greatly reduce the color of wastewater. and COD, increasing the B/C ratio increases the biodegradability of wastewater; it can be widely used in the treatment and reuse of various industrial wastewaters such as printing and dyeing, chemicals, electroplating, pulping and papermaking, pharmaceuticals, scouring, pesticides, alcohol, etc. project.

⑴Dye, printing and dyeing wastewater; coking wastewater; petrochemical wastewater;

------While the above-mentioned wastewater is decolorized, the BOD/COD value in the treated water is significantly increased.

⑵ Petroleum wastewater; leather wastewater; papermaking wastewater, wood processing wastewater;

------The BOD/COD value of the above-mentioned wastewater treatment water is greatly increased.

⑶Electroplating wastewater; printing wastewater; mining wastewater; other wastewater containing heavy metals;

------Heavy metals can be removed from the above wastewater.

⑷ Organophosphorus agricultural wastewater; organochlorine agricultural wastewater;

------Greatly improve the biodegradability of the above wastewater, and can remove phosphorus and sulfide.

New catalytically active microelectrolytic filler

1. Product overview:

New catalytically active microelectrolytic filler is jointly developed by scientific research institutions and is composed of High potential difference metal alloy fusion catalyst is produced using high-temperature microporous activation technology. It has iron-carbon integration, fusion catalyst, microporous frame alloy structure, large specific surface area, light specific gravity, strong activity, high current density, and high efficiency. High water efficiency and other characteristics. Acting on wastewater, it can efficiently remove COD, reduce chroma, improve biodegradability, and has stable treatment effect, and can avoid filler passivation, hardening and other phenomena during operation. This filler is an important guarantee for the continued effect of the microelectrolysis reaction.

2. Technical features:

⑴ The cathode, anode and catalyst are smelted at high temperature to form an integrated iron-carbon system to ensure that the "primary battery" effect continues to function. Unlike the physical mixture of iron and carbon, it is not easy to separate the anode and cathode, which affects the reaction of the primary battery.

⑵ The filler is smelted at high temperature to form a framework microporous alloy structure. It has a large specific surface area, strong activity, no passivation, and no hardening. The cathode and anode are proportioned for different wastewaters, providing greater efficiency for wastewater treatment. The current density and micro-electrolysis reaction effect are better, the reaction rate is fast, and it only takes 30-60 minutes for general industrial wastewater, and the long-term operation is stable and effective.

⑶ Technical parameters:

Specific gravity: 1.0 tons/cubic meter, specific surface area: 1.2 square meters/g, void ratio: 65%, physical strength: ≧1000KG/CM

p>

Chemical composition: iron 75-85%, carbon 10-20%, catalyst 5%

⑷ Specifications:

1cm*3cm (size can be customized)

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Processing equipment

The most important ones are as follows:

Centrifuge

Centrifuge is mainly used to remove solid particles in suspension Separate from liquid; or separate two immiscible liquids with different densities in an emulsion (such as separating cream from milk); it can also be used to remove liquid from wet solids, such as drying wet solids in a washing machine Clothes; special ultra-fast tube separators can also separate gas mixtures of different densities; taking advantage of the different sedimentation speeds of solid particles of different densities or particle sizes in liquids, some sedimentation centrifuges can also separate solid particles according to density or particle size. Grading.

Sludge dehydrator

The sludge dehydrator is characterized by automatic control operation, continuous production, and stepless speed regulation. It is suitable for a variety of sludges, and is suitable for water supply, drainage, and papermaking. , foundry, leather, textile, chemical, food and other industries for sludge dehydration.

Aerator

The aerator injects "microbubbles" directly into untreated sewage through a diffuser impeller. * Under the same action, the suspended matter undergoes physical flocculation and chemical flocculation, thereby forming large suspended matter flocculation. Under the lifting action of the bubble group, the "flocculation" floats to the liquid surface to form scum, which is separated from the water using a slag scraper; There is no need to clean the nozzle and no clogging will occur. This equipment has good integrity, is easy to install, and saves operating costs and floor space.

Microfilter

Microfilter is a drum-type screen filtration device. The treated wastewater enters the drum along the axial direction and flows out through the screen in a radial pattern. Impurities in the water (fine suspended solids, fibers, pulp, etc.) are trapped on the inner surface of the filter on the drum. When the impurities trapped on the filter screen are brought to the upper part by the rotating drum, they are backwashed by the pressure flushing water and flow out into the slag discharge tank. During operation, 2/5 of the diameter of the drum is exposed to the water, the rotation speed is 1-4r/min, the filter speed can be 30-120m/h, the flushing water pressure is 0.5-1.5kg/cm2, and the flushing water volume is the production water volume. 0.5-1.0%, when used in reservoir water treatment, the algae removal efficiency reaches 40-70%, and the plankton removal efficiency reaches 97-100%. The microfiltration machine occupies a small area, has a large production capacity (250-36000m3/d), and is easy to operate and manage. It has been successfully used in water supply and wastewater treatment.

Air flotation machine

The air flotation machine is a device that removes suspended solids, grease and various colloids from various industrial and municipal sewage. This equipment is widely used in the treatment of industrial wastewater and municipal sewage such as oil refining, chemical industry, brewing, slaughtering, electroplating, printing and dyeing.

According to the dissolved air method, it is divided into: inflatable air flotation machine, dissolved air air flotation machine and electrolytic air flotation machine. The principle is to efficiently mix gases that are difficult to dissolve in water or two or more different liquids (generating fine bubbles with a particle size of 20-50 microns). Microbubbles are used as carriers to adhere to impurity particles in the water. The particles are carried by the bubbles and float to the water surface to separate from the water, achieving the purpose of solid-liquid separation.

Ozone Generator

Ozone is a strong oxidant that can decompose large organic molecules into small molecules, decompose refractory substances into soluble substances, and transform refractory substances into It is a degradable substance that decomposes harmful substances into harmless substances, thereby achieving the function of sewage purification.

Features of sewage treatment ozone generator

1. Ozone is an excellent oxidant and can completely decompose organic matter in sewage.

2. It can kill all pathogenic microorganisms including viruses and spores that are highly resistant to chlorine.

3. During the sewage treatment process, it is less affected by conditions such as sewage pH value and temperature.

4. Ozone decomposes into oxygen, increasing dissolved oxygen in water and improving water quality.

5. Ozone can decompose large organic molecules that are difficult to degrade into small organic molecules and improve the biodegradability of sewage.

6. Ozone will be completely decomposed in sewage and will not cause secondary pollution due to residue.

Treatment chemicals

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There are many types of sewage treatment chemicals, the most commonly used ones are flocculants, which can be divided into inorganic flocculants and organic flocculants.

Inorganic flocculants

Inorganic flocculants can be divided into low molecular weight and high molecular weight inorganic flocculants according to their molecular weight.

Low molecular inorganic flocculants

The most widely used are iron and aluminum metal salts. The mainstream ones in the market include polyaluminum chloride, ferric chloride, ferrous sulfate and aluminum sulfate.

Polyaluminum chloride (cpolyaluminium chLoricle) is a new type of mainstream inorganic polymer flocculant. Because it has higher efficacy than traditional inorganic agents in water treatment, it has developed rapidly. and wide range of applications.

The water molecular formula of ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H20)

Features: The alum flower formed has good precipitability and is better than aluminum salt in treating low-temperature water or low-turbidity water. The suitable pH value range is wider, but the color of the treated water is higher than that of the aluminum series and is corrosive.

The molecular formula of ferrous sulfate is (FeS04·H20)

Features: The dissociated Fe2+ can only generate the simplest mononuclear complex, which is not as good as the divalent iron salt. The coagulation effect.

The molecular formula of aluminum sulfate is Al2(S04)3

Features: It is the most commonly used flocculant in wastewater treatment. It is easy to use and has good flocculation effect. It is difficult to hydrolyze when the water temperature is low. The floc formed is looser and its effective pH range is narrow.

The mechanism of action of Mingji (Al2(S04)3·K2S04.24H20) is similar to that of aluminum sulfate.

Polymer inorganic flocculant

Inorganic molecular flocculant has high coagulation effect and low price, and is the most mainstream inorganic flocculation agent. Types of inorganic polymer flocculants can be divided into cationic and anionic types according to different ionic degrees

Cationic types: polyaluminum chloride, polyaluminum sulfate, polyaluminum phosphate, polyferric sulfate, polychlorinated Iron, polyferric phosphate, polyferrous iron, etc.

There are few varieties of anionic inorganic flocculants, and the most popular one in 2013 is polymeric silicic acid.

Organic flocculants

Organic flocculants are divided into ionic and nonionic types.

Ionic organic flocculants can not only change the surface charge of particles, but also act as bridges to cause flocculation. Such as polyacrylamide (also known as 3 flocculant). Used to accelerate the rapid settling of concentrates in dense pools. Thereby reducing the water content of the concentrate and reducing metal loss.

Organic flocculants generally have relatively large molecular weights, usually tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands, or even millions, so adding a small amount can play a bridging role.