Cultural Epitaphs of Fan Yang Lu Family in Zhuozhou and Lu Yu in Northern Qi Dynasty in Zhuozhou

Over the past 1000 years, the Lushi family in john young has been full of fruits and vegetables, with a strong family style and talented people.

In the history of Zhuozhou, the Lushi family in Fanyang is a famous family in the oil and salt areas. Lumeng is known as a "generation of celebrities" with many scholars and famous ministers in the past dynasties. New Tang book? The Prime Minister's Book lists the names of Lu XXII as ancestors. There are 668 people, including 308 people with official positions and knighthood. All kinds of dictionaries, such as Twenty-five History and China Celebrity Dictionary, and Lushi Family Riding, have records of talents. The star-studded Lushi Toshihiko adds a lot of color to China's political history, economic history, cultural history, religious history, philosophy history and science and technology history, and at the same time, it also becomes valuable materials for talent research and citation.

"The Book of the New Tang Dynasty" says: "Lu is from the surname of Jiang. Wen Qi's son is Gao, and his great-grandson is Qi Zhengqing. He said that he was loyal to Zhong, his food was collected in Lu, and he was also in the county in northern Hebei. Later he thought it was his last name. Tian He usurped Qi, and Lu was scattered in Yan Qin. Qin has a doctor, Ao, and his descendants were born in Zhuozhou Water God, hence the name Fanyang Zhuozhou. Sun Zhi, a descendant of Han Bei, is a corps commander. "

Lu Zhi, praised by Cao Cao as "a drop in the ocean, being an official with excellent learning, being an official with excellent learning, and consolidating the foundation of governing the country", was regarded as the mainstay of Confucianism in the violent social turmoil, and his knowledge, courage, meritorious service and moral demeanor had a wide influence, which was recognized as a model by the world at that time.

Zhuozhou Dictionary of Historical Place Names (edited by Liu Guiyu, reviewed by Wang Fawen and Yang Weidong, published by China Archives Publishing House in 20 14) includes and introduces 94 ancient Lushi celebrities represented by Lu Zhi. The academic achievements and moral demeanor accumulated by later generations in the Han, Wei and Northern Dynasties have also become the prestige foundation and spiritual motivation of Lu descendants for more than a thousand years. Millions of Lu's descendants at home and abroad think of their ancestors, and Lu has made great achievements in Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. Fan Yang's Lu culture lasted for two thousand years, with clear context, huge branches and strong blood relationship. It has gone far beyond the geographical scope of Zhuozhou, Hebei and even China, and has become a part of world culture. To explore the cultural connotation of the Lu family, in addition to the information recorded in the literature, epitaph, a stone document, naturally becomes an important way to understand the Lu characters as much as possible and reproduce the historical facts of the Lu descendants for more than a thousand years. From ancient times to the present, it is impossible to make a complete statistics on the number of inscriptions related to Fan Yang Lv Shi, and I believe there should be many physical objects and rubbings. However, after man-made wars and natural disasters, most of these stone cultural relics were lost or destroyed immediately after being unearthed, while some of them were still sleeping in graves. Fortunately, there are still some objects or inscriptions handed down and become precious historical materials to describe and explain the Lu family.

199 1 year, Epitaph of Zhuozhou edited by Mr. Yang Shaoshan included 12 epitaphs of Lu people such as Lu Sidao. In recent years, with the coordinated development of Zhuozhou archaeological work and urban and rural construction, epitaphs of Lu Yu in Northern Qi Dynasty, Lu Changyu in Sui Dynasty and Lu Maosun in Tang Dynasty have been unearthed successively. 1992, the author rescued and cleaned a destroyed ancient tomb at the residential building site of Zhuozhou Electric Power Bureau. Due to the destruction of the tombs, only a number of broken pottery figurines and an epitaph of the Northern Qi Dynasty were unearthed (no cover was found). Information about Lu Yu's epitaph was published in the third issue of Cultural Relics Spring and Autumn Annals in 2007. After the restoration, 77 pieces of Northern Qi pottery figurines and the epitaph have been displayed in the first exhibition hall of Zhuozhou Museum "Zhuoshui Long song". This epitaph of Northern Qi Dynasty is 54 long, 55 wide and 10 cm thick, which is square. The main book is written vertically, with 26 lines and 28 words, and the full text is 698 words. According to textual research, the epitaph is the epitaph of Lu Fujun, a doctor in the middle period of Qi Dynasty (hereinafter referred to as the epitaph of Lu Yu), and the owner of the epitaph is Lu Yu, a descendant of Lu. Lu Yu (493 ~ 54 1 year) was born in Zhuoxian County, Fanyang County. The word Qingcheng. Grandfather is a general in Zhenyuan and a satrap in western Liaoning. Father Lu joined the army to do exercises for Youzhou. Lu Yu became a gifted scholar in Beijing when he was a teenager. Later, he became an assistant minister on horseback and was transferred to Zhenyuan General and Infantry Captain. Brilliant, literary friends like a cloud. He was promoted to General Lu and Dr. Zhong San. At the age of 49, he died in Xinghe, Eastern Wei Dynasty (539 ~ 542). Epitaph is an epitaph, a stone carving engraved with the life story of the deceased in the tomb. After the Northern Wei Dynasty, the epitaph of Fang became customized. There is a cover at the bottom, an inscription on the bottom and a title on the cover. The chronicle records the name, birthplace and life of the deceased, which can be used as historical materials to supplement the shortcomings of historical books.

Lu Yu is the son of a noble family. With the help of his ancestors, he entered the temple when he was a teenager. "Lu Yu's Epitaph" wrote that "a hundred lines are not sharp, six arts are not left behind, and the blue points are sloppy, and the breeze spreads childhood; Yu Yin Maria, makes a question. ..... You and the wanderer, the home of ideas, also tend to the door of the central defender. As a result, the price is five times that of the capital and the sound is nine times. The ruling and opposition parties were moved, and the hard villages and towns were tired. Russia moved to recruit General Lu and Dr. Zhong San to indulge themselves and travel alone. Zhuang sheng's water is rich in meaning, and Zhang zi's bamboo forest is full of affection. Wen Rao takes infatuation, Bo mixes moderation. If you don't know what to do, you will be happy. It can be said that you are the best in the world, and you are a generation. Fang accompanied rosewood in Qingxiong. Shi Jin picked up Yu Songhua. Then the wind wheel floated, the sun flew, the feathers soared, and Xiaoyun escaped. ..... "Although his article is notorious, it is also a true record. Lu Yu failed to occupy an important position in his life, but he was determined to be intelligent, broad-minded, careless and careless. Although he is famous for being an official, he is the first leader in the world and says a lot of beautiful words and empty words. So big, it may be behind the times, and it's hard to say. Lu Yu, 49, died young, or died in battle, or died of illness, but I don't know about it. Some experts speculate that in 565, when the Zen position of Wu Chengdi in the Northern Qi Dynasty was ceded to the late master, there was an amnesty, and the first year of the child was another day. So is Lu Yu's burial at this time related to this Amnesty? I don't know. In history, the Eastern Wei Dynasty was founded only 17 years ago, and settled in a corner. There are not many carved stones in the world, so the unearthed stones are particularly precious.

What is important is that Wen Zhi recorded Lu Yu's "wife is the same as the county ancestor". At that time, the ancestral home was also the most popular in Youzhou, and he studied in a family. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, there appeared many aristocratic families in Youzhou, such as Lu, Zu, Shanggu Hou Shi, Shanggu Kou, Liu and Beiping Wudong Yang. The custom of praising surname and surname rose in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and flourished in Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties. At that time, the most popular surnames in the Southern Dynasties were Wang, Xie, Yuan, Xiao, Zhu and Zhang, while the most popular surnames in the Northern Dynasties (Northern Wei and Northern Qi) were Wang, Cui, Lu, Li, Zheng and Wei. Officials appointed at that time were judged by surnames, and marriages were compared with each other. Most of the stone carving documents at that time were also related to these valve reading rooms. For example, the Lushi family looks at Zhuoxian County in Fanyang County. According to incomplete statistics, up to now, dozens of plaques and local chronicles of Lu family members have been found and scattered in Zhuozhou area. The epitaphs on land in the past dynasties mostly involved ethnic origins and distant ancestors. These figures include Lu Wan, Lu Zhi and the Three Kingdoms, Jin Lu Yu and Lu Chen, and Xuan Lu, Lu Yuan and Lu Daoqian in the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the traditional concept, the marriage between Lu and his ancestral home is suitable, and historical records are examples of the marriage between Lu and his ancestral home. This local chronicles magazine has horizontal and vertical lines, neat and meticulous calligraphy layout, correct and rigorous writing style, refined and subtle brushwork, elegant and beautiful. From the front of the font, it is dignified and square, and its shape is mostly flat and square. It is very heavy, and there is no need to use Lian Bi and regular script, but a formal meaning. You can see the rest of the northern Wei dynasty inscriptions; The difference from the "thousands of people with different words on one side" of the scripture calligraphy at that time is that the pen is flesh and blood, and the whole writing method, writing method and composition are naturally unpretentious and can be called a masterpiece. The epitaph is also quite gorgeous, strictly following the format, with an orderly inscription and many words. Although there is no calligrapher's signature, it is also written by celebrities. This inscription is also very skillful, which can convey the meaning of the original book in detail, showing the craftsman's skill of pulling stones. However, the title of the epitaph was scrawled, and the word "General Lu" was written as "General Lu" and the word "Lu" was added. In addition, when describing the year of Lu Yu's death, Wen Zhi only said, "He died in Xinghe on the tenth day of the first month, when he was forty-nine." . I left out the exact year of death. According to the convention, the burial date and the time of death are generally not too long apart, but the owner of the tomb, Lu Yu, died in the Xinghe period of the Eastern Wei Dynasty, but was buried until the first year of Tiantong, the main day after the Northern Qi Dynasty (565), which is what Wen Zhi said: "On the 19th day of the first year of Tiantong, Ding You was buried 70 miles southeast of the city." What prevented Lu Yu from being buried in his own cemetery for more than 20 years after his death? The owner of the tomb died strangely and was buried strangely. The epitaph is slightly rough, and some unexplained places in the epitaph make people feel rough. This seems to imply some important events, but it is not convenient to write clearly in the epitaph and can only be omitted. Lu Yu's epitaph is the earliest stone relic among the existing epitaphs in Zhuozhou, and its starting point is less than 3 kilometers away from Lujiachang Village, Lu Zhi's hometown. The real stone is immortal, and the youth lasts forever. The excavation of Lu Yu's epitaph not only enriches the collection of Zhuozhou Museum, but also provides valuable material for studying Lu culture in john young. Attachment: The epitaph of Dr. Lu Fujun in the middle period of Qi Dynasty is Ruofu! The new structure of Xiatang will be a false pillar; Peng Yi hangs to the sky, and feathers come first. Based on the Qinwang Dance Festival, it has made great contributions to the beginning of Xibo, and it is difficult to follow it. At the end of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, it has been handed down from generation to generation. Following Xun Yu, Gao Yu has lived for thousands of years. Your reputation is taboo, this word celebrates the city, and john young is also a person. At the beginning of the trip, people flow, righteousness becomes custom, corridor is independent, Zhang Changmao. The ancestors had no scruples. General Zhenyuan, the western Liaoning satrap, his father Yuan Shao, and Youzhou Facao joined the army, and their successors were re-elected. You have no score, and you don't leave six arts. Lan Fang is sloppy, and the breeze broadcasts Youth Day; Yu Yin Maria, makes a question. I am familiar with the sound of the sun, and I don't appreciate Huang Zhong's reputation. A thousand miles away is hard to see, but Wan Li is unpredictable. I started as a senator and rode an assistant minister. Honor and shame, noisy and sparse, in the loose orpiment, the bell should be far away; Autumn is covered with skin, and the moon is thin. At first, Xie Yanjing and Gui Gu worshiped the Sect, ashamed of the wonderful solution, and found General Zhenyuan and an infantry captain. They also sighed and turned into tears for their heirs. I often take pride in my heart, the mountains and rivers are in my heart, the wine is not empty, the guests are often full, and I admire him. I treat him with kindness, talk about harmonic sighs, forget the tiredness of the listener, reward people's kindness at random, be kind to the East House, and smell people's evil. It's just Yuan, who is rich in the East and rich in the West Han Dynasty. Gentlemen and vagrants, the home of ideas, are also approaching the gate of the central defender. As a result, the price is five times that of the capital and the sound is nine times. The ruling and opposition parties were moved by it, and the hardworking hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard-working hard Russia recruited general Lu San, indulged himself and swam alone. Zhuang sheng has the meaning of water, the love of bamboo forest, Wen Rao's infatuation, and Bo began to mix the mean. So he died at the age of forty-nine on the tenth day of the first month of Xinghe. It's not worth working for the grass you see in Tanabe, but it's valuable to be a talent. Five incense sticks far away, nine lamps and medicines don't chase. If you have a son who is righteous, you will be sad and sad. The first year of Guangdong Tiantong system, and the second year is the second year. 1 1 month 19 is Ding You, just seven miles southeast of the city. The purpose of cutting stones and drawing extravagance is to inscribe: depending on life can help life. Public hair flows, branches divide Miao people. The family attacked the dragon, and the people scattered algae. You are blessed with wealth, and you pass on books. Being a gentleman makes you ask questions earlier. Idle, wonderful thoughts scattered. They all say it's unique, and they know it every day. Only on the land where people live is it called feather instrument. The water keeps flowing, and time is in a hurry. Zhongyue is ruined. When it is spring, it will stop. The moon is loose and the wind is singing on the hillside. A good city lasts forever, and the dust is extremely fragrant. The wife is the same as the county ancestor. On the first day of the first month of the first year of Qing Dynasty, He Daqi lost his father's ancestral home, Nanyang Prefecture, with two men and five women.

Lu ④ Epitaph (1) Zhuozhou (1)