Harbin has a long history. This is a city that has never had a wall. As early as 22,000 years ago in the late Paleolithic period, there were already human activities here. About 5000 years ago, Harbin entered the Neolithic Age. About 3000 years ago, in the late Shang Dynasty, Harbin entered the Bronze Age, belonging to the distribution area of Baijinbao culture, the earliest ancient civilized country in Heilongjiang Province. Harbin is the birthplace of Jin Dynasty and Qing Dynasty. 1 1 15 years, the Jin dynasty made its capital in Shanghai (Acheng, Harbin). /kloc-At the end of 0/9, there were dozens of villages in Harbin with about 30,000 residents. Economic factors such as transportation, trade and population began to expand, which laid the foundation for the formation and development of the city. From 1896 to 1903, with the construction of the Middle East Railway, industry and commerce and population began to gather in Harbin. When the Middle East Railway was completed, Harbin had already formed the embryonic form of a modern city. At the beginning of the 20th century, Harbin became an international commercial port. More than 1.6 million expatriates from 33 countries have gathered here, and 1.9 countries have set up consulates here. [8] At the same time, China's national capital also developed greatly, and Harbin was established as the economic center and international city of Northern Manchuria at that time. Harbin is a city where China's Marxist thoughts spread earlier and the workers' and students' movements were more active. 1923, Harbin established the first party organization in Northeast China. 1927, the first party congress in Northeast China was held in Harbin, and the Manchuria Provisional Provincial Party Committee was established. Harbin became the command center for the Party to lead the people in Northeast China in the revolutionary struggle and later the anti-Japanese struggle. From 65438 to 0932, Harbin was ruled by the Japanese puppet government. Harbin people, under the leadership of China * * * Production Party, waged arduous struggles, and Zhao Shangzhi, Yang Jingyu, Li, Zhao Yiman and other immortal national heroes and revolutionary martyrs emerged. 1945, Harbin was liberated from Japanese puppet rule with a population of more than 700,000. 1946 On April 28th, Harbin formally established the people's political power and became the earliest big city in China. After the founding of New China, Harbin quickly restored and developed the national economy. During the "First Five-Year Plan" period, Harbin was one of the national key construction cities. Of the 156 key construction projects aided by the former Soviet Union, 13 are located in Harbin, which has become an important industrial base of the country and rapidly transformed from a consumer city into a new industrial city. From 1958 to 1965, Harbin experienced a tortuous development process of "Great Leap Forward" and economic adjustment. During the Cultural Revolution, Harbin's national economy suffered serious setbacks, and the normal economic and social order was seriously damaged. Since the reform and opening up, Harbin has made great achievements in national economy and social undertakings. The sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenth five-year plans have all been overfulfilled. Among the 40 major industries in China, there are 38 in Harbin, with more than 4,000 major products covering the whole country and exported to 100 countries and regions. Since 1990, the 17th China Harbin Economic and Trade Fair has been held continuously. Successfully held the third Asian Winter Games and '98 Harbin International Northern Cities Conference; Successfully hosted the 2009 winter universiade, and its international popularity and influence have been continuously enhanced; The process of building a harmonious society and building a well-off society in an all-round way is constantly moving forward. After decades of construction and nearly 30 years of reform and opening up, Harbin is transforming from an industrial city to a comprehensive and multifunctional modern city. 1996, the State Council approved the merger of Songhua River and Harbin to form the new Harbin. Harbin has jurisdiction over seven districts and twelve counties (cities), with an administrative division area of 53,000 square kilometers and a total population of 9.483 million. On February 4th, 2004, the State Council approved the adjustment of some administrative divisions of Harbin. After the adjustment, Harbin has jurisdiction over 8 districts of Daoli, Daowai, Nangang, Xiangfang, Dongli, Fangping, Songbei and Hulan, 7 counties of Binxian, Bayan, Yilan, Yanshou, Mulan, Tonghe and Fangzheng, and 4 county-level cities of Wuchang, Shuangcheng, Acheng and Shangzhi. The total area of the city is 53,068 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 4,272 square kilometers; The population is 9.7484 million, of which the urban population is 3.9896 million. On August 15, 2006, the State Council approved Harbin to adjust some administrative divisions, that is, to cancel the Power Zone and Xiangfang District and form a new Xiangfang District; Cancel Acheng and establish Acheng District; Whether Acheng Yongyuan Town and Juyuan Town are under the jurisdiction of Daowai District. After adjustment, Harbin has jurisdiction over eight districts, namely Daoli, Daowai, Nangang, Xiangfang, Fangping, Songbei, Hulan and Acheng, seven counties, namely Binxian, Bayan, Yilan, Yanshou, Mulan, Tonghe and Fangzheng, and three county-level cities, namely Wuchang, Shuangcheng and Shangzhi, with a total area of 53,068 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 7,086 square kilometers.
The best season to travel to Harbin is 65438+ February of the following year to 65438+ 10. Although it is cold at this time, you can see the ice and snow scenery different from the water towns in the south of the Yangtze River. In addition, the summer from July to September is definitely an ideal summer season for tourists.
The urban landscape of Harbin, which combines Chinese and western cultures, the rugged and bold northern ethnic customs, and the beautiful scenery make people linger. The annual Harbin Summer Concert, Ice Lantern Garden Party, Ice and Snow World and other large-scale activities show the profound cultural heritage of Harbin. More than 500 cultural and natural landscapes in Harbin, such as polar museum, Flood Control Memorial Tower, Confucian Temple, Gokurakuji, St. Sofia Church, Russian Central Street, Xiaohong's former residence, Northeast Forest Garden, Yabuli Ski Resort and Primitive Forest, together with Jingbo Lake, Wudalianchi and Zhalong Nature Reserve around Harbin, constitute a unique tourist destination in northern China. Coupled with these advantages, Harbin has 65438+. Harbin has always had the reputation of "Little Paris in the East" and "Moscow in the East". The architecture of this city combines the styles of China and the West. Humanities has a long history, which not only brings together the history and culture of northern minorities, but also is a famous city combining Chinese and western cultures. The majestic Hagia Sophia Church, the mysterious Nikolai Church, exquisite Russian wooden houses, elegant and chic Gothic architecture, the central street of European architecture, elegant and bright architectural colors, colorful and prosperous urban landscapes, the annual "Summer of Harbin" concert, the "Ice and Snow Festival" international ice sculpture snow sculpture Competition and the "International Economic and Trade Fair" all reflect "Oriental Moscow".