1 person sacrificed more than 6,700 people in vain. The 38th Army of the Volunteers defeated baimashan. What happened?

1952 10 10 On 3 October, Korean soldiers stationed in baimashan, South Korea suddenly found a volunteer officer coming towards him with his hands raised.

South Korean soldiers in charge of the alert immediately rushed up and detained the officer. Subsequently, the South Korean government flew to the US military camp.

So who is this volunteer officer who voluntarily surrendered? What is the reason for his voluntary surrender to South Korea? How did his defection affect the volunteers?

Let's review this period of history and learn about one of the most hateful traitors in the history of the Volunteers, which caused more than 6,000 casualties in the 38 th Army of the Ace Army of the Volunteers!

During the period of 1952, the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea fell into a stalemate stage of stopping fighting. Although the U.S. government intends to solve the North Korean issue through peace talks.

However, the U.S. government does not want to give up the interests it has won, and strongly demands that China and the DPRK take a step back. Both sides are unwilling to retreat, so the peace talks are often forced to be interrupted.

In this regard, the representative of the United States said arrogantly that if it is not available at the negotiating table, it will be available on the battlefield! Therefore, the US military constantly launched a counterattack against the volunteers.

In view of the bad attitude of the American representative to the peace talks, Chairman Mao, the leader of the Party and state, personally gave instructions: promote peace through war and promote talks through war.

So under the command of Peng, the commander-in-chief of the Volunteers, the Volunteers launched a resolute struggle against the counterattack of the US military, and the smoke of war still hung over the Korean Peninsula.

At this time, after two years of Korean War, the fighting capacity of the volunteers has been unprecedentedly enhanced, and the tactics and tactics of the volunteers have also been greatly improved.

At the same time, according to the prewar agreement with New China, the Soviet Union began a large amount of military assistance, and a steady stream of Soviet-style weapons were sent to the Northeast.

Volunteers also returned to the Yalu River to receive aid weapons and equipment, and a large number of Soviet-style weapons were installed by volunteers.

As the trump card of the Volunteers, the 38th Army was the first army to complete all Soviet weapons reloading, and its combat effectiveness was greatly improved.

At this time, the 38th Army was not only equipped with Soviet-style weapons, but also equipped with 20 tanks and more than 30 large-caliber guns, and its firepower was comparable to that of the second-line troops of the US military.

Therefore, the 38 th Army was eager to fight, so it actively appealed to the General Command of the Volunteers. Faced with the high morale of the 38 th Army, the General Command agreed to the invitation of the 38 th Army.

First of all, the reason for agreeing is that it can't hurt the morale of the army. Otherwise, the morale of the army is unstable and it is easy to go wrong, especially for the ace troops like the 38 th Army, and it is even more impossible to go wrong in the war.

The second is that the general command wants to practice observation. How much has the combat effectiveness of the 38 th Army, all equipped with Soviet weapons, improved?

Finally, I want to see if Soviet-made weapons are suitable for the operational needs of our soldiers, because the performance of weapons is very important in combat!

Therefore, for various reasons, the General Command issued a combat mission to the 38 th Army, first to conquer the baimashan area and occupy it for at least 7 days; Second, wipe out at least 5,000 enemy troops.

The 38th Army mobilized the whole army immediately after receiving the operational order, and ordered the 1 14 division as the main force of this attack on baimashan.

Baimashan is called 394.8 Highland by our army, and baimashan is called 39 1 Highland by the United Nations Army, with the endless Tieyuan Plain in the east and the transportation supply line of the United Nations Army in the south.

This is the "bridgehead" on the north bank of the valley of the United Nations post. Controlling this area, the United Nations forces can attack or retreat, posing a serious threat to the volunteer positions in the southern line.

In order to compete for the control of this place, the volunteers fought with the United Nations several times, but under the strong firepower of the US military, the volunteers were defeated one after another and were forced to withdraw from their positions.

After the withdrawal of the volunteers, the US military did not want to resist the possible counterattack of the volunteers in the future, so it ordered the 9 th Division of South Korea to defend in the first line and hide in the second line.

South Korea's 9 th Division complained that this order obviously regarded itself as "cannon fodder", but South Korea's 9 th Division had no choice but to station troops according to the orders of the US military.

The 9th Korean Division built a permanent bunker group in baimashan with cement and steel bars, and also dug a large number of tunnels. At the same time, South Korea's 9th Division also completely changed into American-made weapons, with increased firepower.

The 9th Korean Division has sent two integrated battalions, tanks and armored vehicles to baimashan, and deployed more than 10 guns.

But even so, the 38th Army still thinks it is possible to conquer baimashan, which is also the confidence of the 38th Army as the trump card of volunteers!

However, although the 38 th Army looks down on the Korean army, it will not look down on the Korean army. In order to successfully complete the combat mission, the 1 14 division also conducted training for more than one month.

In this battle, 1 14 division focused on the 340th regiment with strong fighting capacity, and the rest of the troops stood by as reserves.

In order to better lurk, the 340 regiment conducted special training for more than a month, striving to move forward silently, and the special training achieved remarkable results, which the soldiers could basically do.

Later, in order to find out the position of the Korean army, the 340th Regiment also sent a reconnaissance company to approach and investigate the position of the 9th Division of South Korea, and got a preliminary understanding of the deployment of the Korean army.

At the same time, the 340th regiment also launched a mobilization meeting before the war, which was a great success. The soldiers begged to join the commando.

Among those who signed up for the commando team, one is Gu Zhongjiao, a cultural teacher of the 7 th Company of the 340 th Regiment.

In the early days of New China, intellectuals were always treated with courtesy by the society, because national construction could not be separated from these intellectuals, and so did the army.

Gu Zhongjiao was immediately reused after joining the army. In order to ensure the personal safety of these educated people, the army mostly arranges civilian work.

Gu Zhongjiao served as the cultural teacher and deputy platoon leader of the 7 th Company of the 340 th Regiment. In order to show himself, Gu Zhongjiao has repeatedly asked to go to the front line.

But all this was planned by Gu Zhongjiao. He knew that the army would not let intellectuals go to the battlefield easily, so Gu Zhongjiao wanted to show himself.

Sure enough, many requests were rejected by superiors, and Gu Zhongjiao was also recognized as a "man" by superiors.

So this time, after Gu Zhongjiao learned that the 340th Regiment would be the main force to attack baimashan, Gu Zhongjiao immediately understood that this was his chance.

So, like many times before, Gu Zhongyu submitted an application report for going to the front to his superiors. He thought he would still be rejected this time, but he was shocked to learn the result.

It turned out that the superior considered Gu Zhongjiao's many positive performances and thought that he could not refuse this time, so he agreed to Gu Zhongjiao's application.

After learning that he was going to be the first commando, Gu Zhongyu was very sad, so he was depressed all day and became grumpy. Finally, one day Gu Zhongyu "broke out".

According to the "interrogation report KT383 1" declassified by the US military, Gu Zhongyu responded when asked why he defected when being interrogated by the US military.

It turned out that the logistics department sent a batch of cotton-padded clothes to the front. At this time, the climate on the Korean Peninsula was cold. After the 38th Army was replenished, it was decided through consultation to provide cotton-padded clothes for the sick and wounded, and the rest were temporarily stored in the warehouse.

After learning that he didn't send cotton-padded clothes, Gu Zhongjiao was even more indignant. He wants to go to the front, but he can't even send out a cotton-padded coat!

The more he thinks about it, the angrier he gets. He felt that he was doomed to die on the battlefield, so he might as well surrender. So he made up his mind to surrender and ran out of the camp in the dark.

10 On June 3rd, Lieutenant Colonel Gu successfully came to the position of Korean army in baimashan. Hands in the air said that he was unarmed, and the South Korean Army Guard immediately arrested him.

Subsequently, at the request of the US military, Lieutenant Colonel Gu was immediately sent to the US military interrogation room for interrogation. In the face of the interrogation of the US military, Gu Zhongjiao revealed all the information he knew, and the US military also made a special evaluation of him, saying that Gu Zhongjiao was "alert and sincere".

After the trial, Gu Zhongjiao told the US military that the 38th Army was going to attack baimashan. At the same time, he also told a lot of information about the war and all the offensive arrangements of the 38 th Army.

As for Lieutenant Colonel Gu, did he learn about the operational arrangements in the regiment as a platoon leader, or was it because our army practiced a democratic system in the military at that time, and almost every operation was rarely kept secret from the inside?

Therefore, as a deputy platoon leader, Gu Zhongjiao can easily find out a large number of military arrangements, so the US military has a detailed understanding of the offensive deployment of the 38 th Army.

At this point, the 38th Army has learned that Lieutenant Colonel Gu has defected. Now there is only one question before the 38 th Army, that is, whether to continue to implement the attack plan?

To this end, the commander of the 38 th Army (Liang has been transferred at this time) held several meetings to discuss this matter.

It was suggested at the meeting that the 38 th Army had been preparing for this battle for more than a month, which was only the "last trembling". It's a pity to give up at this time.

However, some people have raised objections. Gu zhongjiao defected, and the us military must be fully prepared. At this time, the attack will cause too much loss to the troops.

So after repeated discussions, Jiang Yonghui asked his superiors for instructions. He put forward two plans. The first is to attack immediately, and the soldiers are very expensive. Now, while the US military is still reviewing jiaozi in the valley, it has attacked ahead of time and caught the US military off guard.

The attack was postponed for the second time, and the attack plan was postponed for half a month. When the US military became suspicious of Lieutenant Colonel Gu and relaxed its vigilance, it launched a surprise attack.

These two operational plans have their own advantages, but at this time, the superior officer Wang Jinshan rejected the plan of the 38 th Army and demanded to continue the operation as originally planned.

At this time, the 9 th Division of South Korea, which had already received information, immediately strengthened its position defense, not only built more than 150 bunkers overnight, but also added multiple layers of barbed wire and buried a large number of mines.

At the same time, ask for assistance from the US military. The 9 th Army of the US Army mobilized 6 artillery battalions, 2 tanks and 44 tanks, and the 73 rd Battalion of the US Tank also set out for reinforcements overnight.

The 3rd Division of the United States also mobilized the reserve forces to advance, the 5th Air Force of the United States also dispatched fighter planes to support it, and the 8th Division of South Korea also mobilized three artillery battalions to support it.

South Korea's 9th Division also prepared food, ammunition and drinking water for at least one week in advance, and all the 9th Division entered the highest combat readiness.

When the volunteers launched the attack, there was a big gap between the enemy and ourselves, and the Korean army received continuous artillery support from the US military.

American howitzers fired more than 1500, with an average of two minutes. Bombers dropped more than 4,000 bombs, and artillery kept firing day and night, consuming nearly 20,000 shells!

In Xiaobaishan position, the coverage of this bombing is second only to the battle of Shangganling that broke out next!

However, the volunteers did not flinch. They still bravely launched a charge and once succeeded in conquering the highlands, but they were immediately covered by American artillery fire.

By the late night of 14, the volunteers had invested in four main regiments, with a strength of about 15000, and the Korean side invested in 18000.

Faced with serious casualties, the 38th Army finally made a decision to retreat, and withdrew from the occupied positions and retreated to the rear in the early morning of 15.

In this battle, more than 6,700 volunteers were killed or injured, and 9,300 Korean soldiers were killed or injured. However, South Korea's record is very different from that of the Volunteers. South Korea claimed that volunteers were killed or injured10.5 million, and only 4,000 people were killed or injured on its own.

However, the two sides have one thing in common in the post-war summary, that is, the intelligence of Gu Zhongjiao played a key role in this war.

The volunteers failed because of Gu Zhongjiao's defection, and South Korea won because it got the information in advance and made good arrangements. After the war, the 9th North Korean Division was praised by Li Chengwan as the "White Horse Division" and became the trump card of the South Korean army!