Why did Quanzhou, the world's largest port in Yuan Dynasty, gradually decline?

The reason why Quanzhou port turned from prosperity to decline Quanzhou is a famous world trade port in the Middle Ages. However, since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Quanzhou has gradually declined, and the bustling and frequent appearance of the sea has disappeared. Why did Quanzhou Port turn from prosperity to decline? The following is a detailed introduction. First of all, there was a rebellion in Quanzhou at the end of Yuan Dynasty, and the local Semu people attacked and killed each other, which spread to most parts of Fujian Province. It was not until twenty-six years ago that the rebellion of this armed group was put down. This war has seriously damaged Quanzhou's social economy. The trade activities between Quanzhou Port and Asian and African countries cannot be carried out. During the war, local residents were very dissatisfied with the rising status of foreigners, so there was another wave of xenophobia, and many foreign businessmen set sail one after another. This war caused serious damage to Quanzhou's overseas traffic, which directly led to the decline of Quanzhou Port. Secondly, the migration of Quanzhou Shipping Company is closely related to the decline of Quanzhou Port. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the ruling class attached great importance to overseas trade. Quanzhou Shipping Company earnestly implemented the opening-up policy, actively attracted foreign businessmen to trade in China, and strengthened the management of ships and foreign businessmen entering and leaving Hong Kong. Therefore, the company promoted the development of Quanzhou Port, making it the largest trading port in China and then one of the largest trading ports in the world. In the Ming Dynasty, the company was subordinate to the Chief Secretary. Fujian Chief Secretary is located in Fuzhou, and officials in charge of shipping often go to Fuzhou, because it is more convenient for Ryukyu envoys to go to Fuzhou than Quanzhou. Because most of Ryukyu's tribute and trade came from Fuzhou, we took the opportunity of paying tribute and went back to our hometown to visit relatives and friends. So in the eighth year of Chenghua, Fujian Shipping Company moved from Quanzhou to Fuzhou. The establishment of the shipping company witnessed the prosperity of Quanzhou Port, and its migration marked the decline of Quanzhou Port. In addition, in the early Ming Dynasty, due to the invasion of pirates in the southeast coast, Ming Taizu imposed a maritime ban, on the one hand, to maintain social order, on the other hand, to change the Yuan Dynasty's policy of attaching importance to commerce and return to the traditional policy of attaching importance to agriculture. By the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, the Qing government banned Zheng Chenggong financially, ordered "moving the border" and forced coastal residents to move inward, stipulating that "grain rice should not enter the water and grain rice should not cross the border. The implementation of the above policies in Ming and Qing Dynasties destroyed Quanzhou's social economy and overseas transportation. The so-called "relying on mountains to eat mountains, relying on the sea to eat the sea", maritime trade is the basis of Quanzhou people's life. However, in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, this international trading port became a private trading port, which shows the negative impact of the sea ban policy on Quanzhou Port. /kloc-In the 5th century, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, Italy and other countries in Europe developed into colonial countries. Their eastward invasion interfered with the East-West maritime trade and hindered the development of Quanzhou's overseas traffic. Coupled with the harassment and destruction of Quanzhou by Japanese pirates, Quanzhou Port gradually declined. The change of geography Finally, another reason that cannot be ignored for the decline of Quanzhou Port is the change of geography. Due to vegetation destruction and serious soil erosion, a large amount of sediment flows to the estuary and continues to accumulate in Jinjiang River Basin. Quanzhou Port is a fast silting area, with an average annual siltation of 4.6 mm, which makes Quanzhou Port lose its natural conditions as an excellent port. At present, some coastal areas in Quanzhou used to be prosperous commercial ports, with flags flying all over the world. Today, the port is still there and the scenery is gone. It's really embarrassing to think of it.